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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Z represents |
Atomic number |
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Z = |
Protons + Electrons |
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Z is written as |
Subscript |
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A represents |
Atomic mass |
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A = |
Protons plus neutrons |
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Isotopes are |
Different variety of same element |
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Isotopes have |
Different neutrons
Same protons |
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Radioactive decay involves |
Simultaneous release of particle from nucleus |
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Sometimes during radioactive decay |
Protons can become neutrons or vice versa |
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Positron |
When neutrons become protons
A positive particle is emitted |
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Electron that is not part of electron cloud |
When a proton becomes a neutron
A negative particle is emitted |
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Both emitted electrons and positrons |
Have similar mass Are known as beta particles
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Positron is a |
Beta + particle |
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Emitted electrons are a |
Beta - particle |
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Positrons are resulted from process |
One |
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Emitted electrons are a result of what process? |
2 |
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In process one |
A stays the same
Z changes due to loss of one particle
1 x beta + particle expelled Change of Z = change of element |
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Process 2 |
A stays same Z changes because 1 neutron becomes 1 proton 1 beta+ particle expelled Z change = element change |
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Potassium->argon decay is an example of what process?
Why? |
One. Beta- emitted |
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Rubidium —> Strontium decay is an example of what process? Why? |
2
Beta+ particle emitted |
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Process 3 |
Where 2 protons and 2 neutrons are ejected |
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What type of particle is Helium known as? |
Alpha |
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Why is helium ion an alpha particle? |
It has 2 protons and 2 neutrons
No electrons |
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Give an example of process 3 decay |
Thorium —> Radon + alpha particle |
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Mass of atom |
10^-26kg |
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Ar represents |
Relative mass of atom compared to mass of carbon 12
12x ratio of atom mass to mass of C12 |
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Unit of unified atomic mass?
What does it represent?
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u OR Da
1/2 atomic mass of C12 |
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u OR Da represents |
Mean of atom mass including isotopes |
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Chemical reactions are caused by |
Interaction between electrons |
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Ionisation |
Loss of electrons |
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What are the quantum numbers? |
n = size of shell and shell where electron is situated l = angular momentum m = magnetic s = spin |
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n can have a value of |
1 to 7 |
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n=1 represents |
The smallest shell and closest to the nucleus |
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n=1 has how many electrons? |
2 |
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n=2 has how many electrons? |
8 |
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Potassium has what n number? |
4
K= n=1, n=2, n=3, n=4 |
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The angular momentum number l represents what? |
The sub shells of n
And
Shape of orbitals |
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l ranges from |
l=0 —> l=n-1 |
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n3 has what l values? |
0,1,2 |
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What 4 lower case letters represent the value of l?
What do they stand for? |
l=0 = s = sharp l=1 = p = principle l=2 = d = diffuse l=3 = f = fundamental
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The energy required to remove the first electron is |
The smallest |
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The energy required to remove electrons 2 and 3 is.......
Which indicates..... |
Similar
8 electrons in 2 groups 1x group of 2 (sub-shell s) 1x group of 6 ( sub-shell p) |
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1s2 what are each of these classed as? |
1= principle quantum number S = sub shell (l=0) 2 = number of electrons in sub shell
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The innermost shell is..
and has the l value of.. |
n=1
l=0 |
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n=3 has how many sub shells? |
l=0 (s) l=1 (p) l=2 (d) |
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Maximum number of electrons for each sub shell |
s=2 p=6 d=10 f=14
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What fills before 3d? |
4s |
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Chemical properties are determined by the |
Outermost shell |
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The elements in the same section of the periodic table have the |
Same properties |
