Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Define - genome? |
The complete set of genes in a cell or organism |
|
|
Define – proteome? |
All the proteins that are made by a cell or organism |
|
|
What does it mean to sequence an organism’s genome? |
Determine all the genes that an organism has |
|
|
Describe simply how we sequence genomes? |
Gene sequencing methods only work on fragments of DNA 1. We chop up the DNA into fragments 2. Smaller pieces are sequenced 3. The sequences are put back in order to give the whole genome |
|
|
It is simpler to sequence the proteomes of simple organisms than complex organisms. Why? |
• The DNA of complex organisms contains large sections of non-coding DNA (whereas simpler organisms like bacteria don’t have much) • complex organisms also have complex regulatory genes (determine when the genes for particular proteins should be switched on or off) So it’s harder to find the sections of DNA that actually code for proteins amongst these other DNA features Whereas in simple organisms, the proteome can be determined almost straight from the DNA sequence of their genome |
|
|
Why is sequencing the proteomes of simple organisms useful in medical research and development? |
• identifying the protein antigens on the surface of pathogens - helps identify antigens, which can help in the development of vaccines |
|
|
In what ways have genome sequencing methods been improved since they were first introduced? |
Techniques are now: • automated • faster • more cost-effective • can be done on a large scale |
