Genetics Test 2

Front 1

The ability of codons to match with the appropriate amino acids is called

Back 1

Codon recognition

Front 2

Why can we manufacture insulin for humans with bacteria?

Back 2

Because our genetic code is universal

Front 3

What is used in the codon chart, a reflection of which type of code

Back 3

MRNA

Front 4

Because the same codon specify, the same, amino acids in nearly all organisms we say that the genetic code is

Back 4

Universal

Front 5

A scientist identifies two different structures that both specify, the same amino acid. How do scientist describe the structures

Back 5

Degenerate

Front 6

What form of regulation can both increase and decrease the rate of transcription

Back 6

Chromatin modification

Front 7

On the regulatory mechanism of DNA methylation is passed onto your offspring, it is known as

Back 7

Imprinting

Front 8

What is the effect of DNA methylation on gene expression?

Back 8

It inhibits gene expression

Front 9

Which of the following is not true

Back 9

All eukaryotic promoters contain a TATA box

Front 10

How much of the human genome contains protein coding DNA?

Back 10

2%

Front 11

Which type of RNA molecule contains an anti-codon

Back 11

TRNA

Front 12

How many amino acids are specified by each different codon

Back 12

Only one

Front 13

What is the anti-codon for the code on AAG

Back 13

UUC

Front 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence in which a sequence is used to produce a protein

Back 14

MRNA, tRNA, amino acids

Front 15

What is the T stand for in tRNA?

Back 15

Transfer

Front 16

Which two types of nucleic acids move into the ribosome during translation

Back 16

MRNA and tRNA

Front 17

What is another term for a chain of amino acids?

Back 17

Polypeptide

Front 18

How many subunits make up the ribosome complex?

Back 18

Two

Front 19

What type of molecule is released during the formation of a peptide bond?

Back 19

Water

Front 20

Why are ribosomes important?

Back 20

They make polypeptide assembly possible

Front 21

During translation protein X, the codon UAA is found on the mRNA this codon codes for

Back 21

The termination of the protein synthesis

Front 22

All of the following statements are correct, except

Back 22

The anti-codon is part of the mRNA

Front 23

In which step does ribosome reach a stop codon in in the process of translation

Back 23

Termination

Front 24

In which step is the polypeptide continue to grow, as amino acids are added to the chain

Back 24

Elongation

Front 25

Which step to the tRNA, and mRNA first join up in the ribosome

Back 25

Initiation

Front 26

Which of the following statements correctly describe the behavior of the sickle cell hemoglobin

Back 26

Sickle cell hemoglobin form polymers of proteins where all of the subunits of many different hemoglobin molecules come together, and form a very long strand

Front 27

How is the tertiary structure of a protein different from that of the quaternary structure?

Back 27

The tertiary structure is a complete 3-D structure of a protein or peptide, including all of its atom arrangements while a quaternary structure is a complete 3-D structure of a protein that contains multiple peptides and proteins

Front 28

Identify the secondary structure that is not held together by hydrogen bonds

Back 28

Random coil

Front 29

Choose the structure that represents the order of amino acids in a protein

Back 29

Primary

Front 30

The breakdown of proteins secondary tertiary and quaternary structure is called

Back 30

Denaturation

Front 31

How are ubiquilation phosphorylation and glycosylation similar

Back 31

They are all processes that can occur on a protein or polypeptide after translation

Front 32

If a chain of ubiquitins are added to a protein, then how will it likely affect the protein

Back 32

Protein will be destroyed

Front 33

Which type of enzyme adds a phosphate group to target proteins

Back 33

Kinase

Front 34

Which type of reversal post translational modification can activate or deactivate a protein, depending on which protein is targeted

Back 34

Phosphorylation

Front 35

Which type of post translational control, primarily marks proteins that are located in the cell membrane or are secreted out of the cell

Back 35

Glycosylation

Front 36

Which single nucleotide makes up the 5’ cap

Back 36

Guanine

Front 37

Which part of a gene produces a protein product

Back 37

Exons

Front 38

Which of the following is a potential mechanism to control translation by alternative splicing

Back 38

Different exon combinations, allow for translation of different proteins from the same gene

Front 39

For an mRNA molecule is finished with it RNA processing. What is it called?

Back 39

Precursor mRNA

Front 40

What are the functions of sliceosomes in RNA splicing?

Back 40

They remove intervening introns between exons, and join the resulting end of the exon