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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Agar |
provides solid matrix to support bacterial growth. contains nutrient mixture of carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleotides, salts, and vitamins |
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Antibiotic Selection |
use of an antibiotic to select bacteria containing the DNA of interest. pGLO plasmid DNA contains the gene for beta-lactamase that provides resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin. |
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arabinose |
a carbohydrate isolated from plants that is normally used as source of food by bacteria |
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Beta-lacatmase |
a protein that provides resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin. The protein is produced and secreted by bacteria that have been transformed with a plasmid containing the gene for beta-lactamase |
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biotechnology |
applying biology in the real world by the manipulation of living organisms, especially at the genetic level, to produce potentially beneficial products |
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cloning |
process of generating virtually endless copies or clones of an organism or segment of DNA (produces a population that has an identical genetic makeup) |
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colony |
clump of genetically identical bacterial cells growing on an agar plate. Because all of the cells in a single colony are genetically identical, they are called clones |
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culture media |
the liquid and solid media referred to as LB, broth and agar are made from an extract of yeast and an enzymatic digest of meat byproducts, all essential nutrients for bacterial growth |
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genetic engineering |
manipulation of an organism's DNA by introducing or eliminating specific genes |
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gene regulation |
gene expression in all organisms is carefully regulated to allow for differing conditions and to prevent wasteful overproduction of unseeded proteins |
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green fluorescent protein |
originally isolated from bioluminescent jellyfish. The gene for GFP has been cloned. The unique three dimensional conformation of GFP causes it to resonate when exposed to UV light and give off energy in the form of visible green light |
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plasmid |
a circular DNA molecule, capable of self replicating, carrying one or more genes for antibiotic resistance proteins and a cloned foreign gene such as GFP |
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pGLO |
plasmid containing the GFP sequence and ampicillin resistance gene, which codes for beta-lacamase |
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recombinant DNA technology |
process of cutting and recombining DNA fragments as a means to isolate genes or to alter their structure and function |
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screening |
process of identifying wanted bacteria from a bacterial library |
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sterile technique |
minimizing the possibility of outside bacterial contamination during an experiment through observance of cleanliness and using careful lab techniques |
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streaking |
process of passing an inoculating loop with bacteria on it across an agar plate |
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vector |
an autonomously replicating DNA molecule, such as a plasmid, into which foreign DNA fragments are inserted and then propagated in a host cell |
