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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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loss or termination of a pregnancy before the fetus has developed to a state of viability
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abortion
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loss/termination of pregnancy before 20 weeks
may be no known cause |
spontaneous abortion
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termination of a pregnancy for personal/medical reasons
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induced abortion
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more than 2-3 abortions
may be spontaneous or induced |
habitual abortion
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group of specific physical & psychologic symptoms occur
"during last few days" of menstrual cycle and "before the onset" of menstruation |
Prmenstrual syndrome
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genetic predisition
contributing factors--stress, high caffeine general diagnostic studies--rule out other conditions menstrual diary |
factors and tools to diagnosis
of PMS |
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abdominal cramping pain associated with menstrual flow
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dysmenorrhea
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headache, n & v, dyspareunia, painful defecation or irregular bleeding
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associated symptoms of dysmenorrhea
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not a disease, caused by excess prostaglandin and/or increased sensitivity to it
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cause of dysmenorrhea
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early transition signs, ends with cessation of menses
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perimenopause
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physiologic cessation of menses associated with declining ovarian function
considered complet after 1 year of amenorrhea |
menopause
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average age 45-55 unless associated with surgery, illness, cigarette smoking, chemotherapy
irregular bleeding is common |
menopause--when it occurs
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occur when natural defenses of the acid vaginal secretions and presence of lactobaciluus are disrupted
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inflammatory & infectious conditions of vulva, vagina, and cervix
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poor nutrition, aging, antibiotic therapy, STD's, corticosteroid therapy
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causes--inflammatory & infectious conditions of vulva, vagina, and cervix
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candida albicans
trichonmonas bacterial vaginosis cervicitis |
clinical manifestations of inflammatory & infectious conditions of vulva, vagina, and cervix
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infectious condition may include salpingitis, oophoritis and peritonitis
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Pelvic inflammatory disease
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often result of untreated cervicitis
chlamydia trachomatis, & neisseria gonorrhoeae most common organisms not all r/t STD increased risk: multiple sexual partners or partner that is infected remains major cause of infertility increased risk ectopic pregnancies |
PID--risk
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symptoms may be silent--evaluate risk factors and screen
abdominal pain starts gradually and remains "constant", increasing pain with intercourse, menstruation s/s infection |
PID--symptoms
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teach warning signs and early treatment course
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PID--patient care
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presence of normal endometriosis tissue outside the endometrial cavity
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endometriosis
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usually late 20's
white nonpara 5-10% of women |
endometriosis--affects who
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significant pain and loss of work
cystlike nodules may rupture--acute pain--leads to adhesions and infertility |
endometriosis--signs & symptoms
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retrograde menstrual flow, genetic predisposition, altered immune system
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endometriosis--possible causes
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smooth muscle tumors,
most common benign tumors of the female genitial tract |
leiomyomas
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ages 30
10% caucasian 30% African American |
leiomyomas--most common groups
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unknown cause--appear ot depend on hormones
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leiomyomas--cause
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no symptoms to
urterine bleeding, pain with pelvic pressure (sex), assocaited with miscarriage, infertility persistent heavy bleeding, anemia, rapidly growing turmors are indicators for surgery |
leiomyomas--signs and symptoms
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diagnosis based on pelvic exam
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leiomyomas--diagnosed how
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benign lesions that are found on speculum examination
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cervical polyps--what and how diagnosed
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cherry red, soft and fragile
gnereally small, multiple cause--unknown |
cervical polyps--characteristics and cause
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infectious condition may include salpingitis, oophoritis and peritonitis
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Pelvic inflammatory disease
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often result of untreated cervicitis
chlamydia trachomatis, & neisseria gonorrhoeae most common organisms-- not all r/t STD increased risk: multiple sexual partners or partner that is infected remains major cause of infertility increased risk ectopic pregnancies |
PID--risk
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symptoms may be silent--evaluate risk factors and screen
abdominal pain starts gradually and remains "constant", increasing pain with intercourse, menstruation s/s infection |
PID--symptoms
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teach warning signs and early treatment course
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PID--patient care
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presence of normal endometriosis tissue outside the endometrial cavity
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endometriosis
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usually late 20's
white nonpara 5-10% of women |
endometriosis--affects who
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significant pain and loss of work
cystlike nodules may rupture--acute pain--leads to adhesions and infertility |
endometriosis--signs & symptoms
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retrograde menstrual flow, genetic predisposition, altered immune system
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endometriosis--possible causes
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smooth muscle tumors,
most common benign tumors of the female genitial tract |
leiomyomas
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ages 30
10% caucasian 30% African American |
leiomyomas--most common groups
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unknown cause--appear ot depend on hormones
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leiomyomas--cause
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no symptoms to
urterine bleeding, pain with pelvic pressure (sex), assocaited with miscarriage, infertility persistent heavy bleeding, anemia, rapidly growing turmors are indicators for surgery |
leiomyomas--signs and symptoms
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diagnosis based on pelvic exam
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leiomyomas--diagnosed how
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benign lesions that are found on speculum examination
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cervical polyps--what and how diagnosed
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cherry red, soft and fragile
gnereally small, multiple cause--unknown |
cervical polyps--characteristics and cause
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metorrhagia and bleeding after straining and coitus
prone to infection |
cervical polyps--sign & symptoms
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excisions or polypectomy
sent to pathology to rule out malignancies |
cervical polyps--treatment
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excess estrogen and testosterone but not progesterone
imbalance prevents egg release leads to small cyst formation |
polycystic ovary syndrome
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irregular menstrual cycles, infertility, hirsutism, obestiy ad acne
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polycystic ovary syndrome--signs and symptoms
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