Fundamentals Of Nursing Chapter 25

Front 1

Safety

Back 1

the condition of being free from physical or psychological harm and injury

Front 2

Unintentional injuries

Back 2

result from incidents such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, poisonings, drownings, fire associated injuries, suffocation by ingested objects and firearms

Front 3

Intentional injuries

Back 3

typically result from deliberate acts of violence or abuse and often have fatal consequences such as suicide and homicide

Front 4

Accidents

Back 4

another word for unintentional injuries. They occur at random and may be unavoidable

Front 5

TJC

Back 5

The joint commission. Not for profit and independent group in the united states that accredits hospitals and other health care related agencies

Front 6

orthostatic hypertension

Back 6

inactivity that leads to an unsafe drop in blood pressure with position changes

Front 7

detoxification and excretion of medication

Back 7

occurs in the hepatic and renal systems

Front 8

infants

Back 8

should be placed in a supine position to decrease the likelihood of SIDS

Front 9

pollution

Back 9

contamination of air, land, water and the environment

Front 10

air pollution

Back 10

cigarette smoke and exhaust fumes can produce allergy symptoms

Front 11

land pollution

Back 11

improper disposal of trash or waste. These can cause infection or disease

Front 12

noise pollution

Back 12

factories, construction sites, planes, trains. Health effects are hearing loss, stress and elevated blood pressure

Front 13

poisoning

Back 13

intentional or unintentional ingestion, inhalation, injection, or absorption through the skin of any substance harmful to the body

Front 14

unintentional poisoning

Back 14

an act in which the person did not mean to inflict harm by taking or giving the substance; this includes an inadvertent overdose

Front 15

toxins

Back 15

substances that can poison or harm individuals or other living organisms though mechanisms such as ingestion, inhalation, and dermatologic exposure

Front 16

lead poisoning

Back 16

when levels build up in the body over months or years and it can affect all body systems.

Front 17

Carbon monoxide

Back 17

colorless, odorless gas that can cause sudden illness and death. It is a leading cause of unintentional poisoning deaths in the united states.

Front 18

medications

Back 18

must be adjusted for elderly and children

Front 19

electrical shock

Back 19

occurs when a person comes in contact with an energy source and the energy flows through the entire body or portion of the body to the ground. Exposure can cause no injury, burn injuries, contractors, or death from cardiac or respiratory arrest.

Front 20

Abuse

Back 20

anything offensive, harmful or injurious to an individual that can pose a surest safety threat. Types include: physical, psychological or emotional, sexual and financial.

Front 21

bioterrorism

Back 21

deliberate release of biologic agents such as bacteria, viruses and other microbes to cause illness or kill people, animals or plants

Front 22

suffocation

Back 22

air no longer reaches the lungs and respiration ceases

Front 23

physical restraint

Back 23

mechanical or physical device used to restrict movement

Front 24

chemical restraint

Back 24

medication that is administered to control patient behavior

Front 25

medication administration errors

Back 25

46-56% occur in transfers from nurse to nurse across units

Front 26

radiation

Back 26

can cause injury to many body systems, including the GI tract, skin and reproductive organs.

Front 27

RACE

Back 27

R: Rescue all patients in immediate danger, and move them to safe areas

A: Activate the manual pull station or fire alarm and have someone call 911

C: contain the fire by closing doors, confining the fire, and preventing the spread of smoke

E: Extinguish the fire if possible after all patients have been removed from the area

Front 28

Procedural errors

Back 28

ex: failure to properly identify a patient when entering a room to administer medications

ex: leaving the bed in an elevated position after care

Front 29

Assessment

Back 29

While obtaining the patient's history, the nurse should inquire about the cause of previous injuries and probe further into the topic when safety issues are raised.

Front 30

Fall risk assessment

Back 30

should be completed upon admission to establish a baseline and repeated on a daily basis or with any change in the patient's condition

Front 31

Morse fall scale

Back 31

1. history of falling

2. existence of secondary diagnosis

3. use of an ambulatory aide

4. use of an iv line or saline lock

5. gait

6. mental status

If the score is 25 or higher, the patient is considered to be high risk

Front 32

Nursing Diagnosis

Back 32

- Risk for injury with risk factors of insufficient knowledge of safety precautions and cognitive impairment

- Risk for falls with risk factors of older than age 75 years, use of walker, and confusion

- Risk for poisoning with risk factors of household chemicals present

Front 33

Planning

Back 33

The nurse considers critical assessment findings such as the patient's developmental level, cultural background, and baseline understanding of the issue. After taking these considerations into account along with the desires and goals articulated by the patient and family, the nurse can develop individualized, patient centered interventions and goals

Front 34

Evaluation and implementation

Back 34

ex:

- Educate the patient and family about the role of protective equipment use in injury prevention when individuals are engaged in contact sports

- Collaborate with the social worker to identify resources for obtaining inexpensive or free protective equipment.

- educate the patient and family about the importance of removing clutter, throw rugs, cords, and obstacles from the floor and the path of the patient

Front 35

Ethical, legal and professional practice

Back 35

- Wrong side surgeries and amputations

- wrong patient errors

- medication dosage errors resulting in organ damage or failure or in death

- fall related injuries and death

- restraint related injuries and death

Front 36

Ambu bag

Back 36

a resuscitator bag that is used to assist ventilation

Front 37

Falls

Back 37

events in which an individual unintentionally and through some force of gravity drops to the ground, floor, or some other lower level.

Front 38

Fall prevention

Back 38

- call light within reach of the patient

- Frequently used items should be kept within reach of the patient

- making hourly rounds

- patients who are high risk for falls should be placed in rooms closest to the nurses station

- pressure sensitive alarms

- 1:1 sitter 24 hours a day

- ensure bed brakes are locked

Front 39

Seizure precautions

Back 39

-padding the bed

- oxygen and suction equipment is kept near the bed

- patient should be protected from injury by placing the head on a soft surface and turning it to the side to prevent aspiration and by moving sharp objects out of the way

Front 40

Restraint precautions

Back 40

- nurses should always use these as a last resort

- used in the immediate threat to patient's self or others, no order is sought immediately, but must be completed within an hour of physical restraint.

- restraints should be evaluated every hour

Front 41

proper use of bed rails

Back 41

- top two are used primarily for turning and positioning

- when all four are raised, it is considered a form of restraint.

Front 42

Reduction of Pathogen Transmission

Back 42

1. WASH HANDS AND WEAR GLOVES (standard precautions)

Front 43

Reduction of procedure and equipment related events

Back 43

ex:

- a break in sterile field while inserting an indwelling catheter causing a UTI

- not verifying placement of a nasogastric tube before enteric feedings causing pneumonia