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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neurons |
Nerve cells are the most important part of the nervous system. 100-150 billion in human brain |
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Glial Cells |
Provide support for neurons. Comparable number to neurons |
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4 Principles for neural organization |
1) Neuron is the fundamental structural and functional unit of the brain. 2) information is transmitted from cell to across tiny gaps (synapses) 3) Connection specificity 4) Dynamic Polarization |
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Mitochondria |
Produce energy |
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Cell Nucleus |
Contains genetic instructions |
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Ribosome |
Translate genetic instructions to proteins |
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Input Zone |
Receives information from other cells through dendrites |
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Integration Zone |
Axon hillock |
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Conduction Zone |
Output information, electrical impulses. Axon transport: slow 8mm/day, fast 200-400mm/day |
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Output Zone |
Axon terminals at the end of the axon communicate activity to other cells |
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Multicolor Neurons |
A nerve cells that has many dendrites and a single axon |
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Bipolar Neurons |
A nerve cell that has a single dendrite at one end and a single axon at the other |
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Unipolar Neuron |
A nerve cell with a single brach that leaves the cell body and then extends in 2 directions; one end is the receptive pole, the other end the output pole. |
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Motoneuron |
A nerve cell that transmits motor messages, stimulating a muscle or gland. |
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Sensory Neuron |
A Neuron that is directly affected by changed in the environment, such as light, odor, or touch. |
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Interneuron |
It receives input from and sends output to other neurons. |
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Glial Cells |
Glial = glue in Greek Support Neuron function Communicate with each other and with neurons Alter Neuron structure and excitability |
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Astrocyte Glial Cell |
Star-shaped cells with many processes neuronal input and monitor synaptic activity Modulate nerron activity and synapse formation. |
