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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Affirming the Consequent |
Premise 1: If X, then Y. Premise 2: Y —————— Conclusion: Therefore, X |
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Denying the Antecedent |
Premise 1: If X, then Y. Premise 2: Not X —————— Conclusion: Therefore, not Y |
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Broken Chain |
Premise 1: If X, then Z. Premise 2: If Y, then Z. —————— Conclusion: Therefore, if X, then Y.
Notice that there is no link between the consequent of the first premise and the antecedent of the second premise. As a result, this pattern falls apart—the argument is not valid. |
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Affirming a disjunct
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Premise 1: If X or Y. Premise 2: X. —————— Conclusion: Therefore, not Y. |
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Denying a Conjunct |
Premise 1: Not X and Y. Premise 2: Not X. —————— Conclusion: Therefore, Y. |
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Broken Dilemma |
Premise 1: If W then X. Premise 2: If Y then Z. Premise 3: X or Z. —————— Conclusion: Therefore, W or Y. |
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Illicit Conversion |
Premise 1: If X then Y. —————— Conclusion: Therefore, If Y then X. Premise 1: If X then Y. —————— Conclusion: Therefore, If not Y then not X. |
