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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gregor mendal |
Gregor Johann Mendel was a German-speaking Moravian scientist and Augustinian friar who gained posthumous fame as the founder of the modern science of genetics |
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Genetics |
the genetic properties or features of an organism, characteristic, |
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Trait |
a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person. |
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How do organisms inhait traits |
In humans and other animals, traits are passed on from parents to their offspring through DNA |
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Genes |
a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring |
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Alleles |
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome. |
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F1 generation |
An F1 hybrid (or filial 1 hybrid) is the first filial generation of offspring of distinctly different parental types. F1 hybrids are used in genetics, and in selective breeding, where it may appear as F1 crossbreed |
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F2 |
Medical Definition of F2 GENERATION. : the generation produced by interbreeding individuals of an F1 generation and consisting of individuals that exhibit the result of recombination and segregation of genes controlling traits for which stocks of the P1 generation differ—called also second filial generation |
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Gametes |
a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote |
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Punett Squares |
The Punnett square is a diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment. It is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who devised the approach. The diagram is used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype. |
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Heterozygous |
A diploid organism is heterozygous at a gene locus when its cells contain two different alleles of a gene. The cell or organism is called a heterozygote specifically for the allele in question, therefore, heterozygosity refers to a specific genotype |
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Homozygous |
Homozygous describes a genotype consisting of two identical alleles at a given locus, heterozygous describes a genotype consisting of two different alleles at a locus, hemizygous describes a genotype consisting of only a single copy of a particular gene in an otherwise diploid organism, and nullizygous refers to an ... |
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Phenotype |
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment |
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Genotype |
the genetic constitution of an individual organism. |
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Diploid |
containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent |
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Haploid |
having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. |
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Stages of Mitosis |
Mitosis is simply described as having four stages—prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase; the steps follow one another without interruption. The entire four-stage division process averages about one hour in duration, and the period between cell divisions, called interphase or interkinesis, varies greatly but is considerably longer. |
