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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Give and explanation of the Latent phase of labour |
- painful and irregular contractions - cervical change of up to 4cm's - can last 6-8 hours - Sound midwifery knowledge can ensure that the latent phase is diagnosed, rather than the mid-diagnosis of failure to progress |
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Give and explanation of the active phase of labour |
- This is where the cervix starts to rapidly dilate - It begins when the cervix is 4cm's dilated, with progression to 10 cm's - A mucoid plug (show) may be shed during this time. - This show is the operculum lining for the cervical canal, and may be present after a contraction |
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Occasionally, what can happen in the active phase of labour that required the midwife to seek assurance of the fatal heart? |
Membranes rupture |
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Give an explanation of the transitional phase of labour |
- The transitional phase of labour is where there is cervical change between 8cm's to fully dilated. - during this time, the woman may feel the urge to push - emotions can rapidly change during this phase, ranging from calm to distressed |
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The duration of the first stage can vary massively, what can affect the duration? |
Parity Emotional wellbeing Presenting Part |
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What is the NICE guidelines for how much the cervical os should dilate per hour? |
0.5cm's |
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What is cervical effacement? |
Shortening of the cervical canal into the lower uterine segment. |
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How do the muscle fibres surrounding the os affect effacement? |
They draw upwards to shorten it |
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In nulliparous women, how is effacement affected? |
May only occur during labour, and dilation will not commence until effacement is complete |
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In multiparous women, how can effacement be affected? |
It can happen spontaneously |
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Cervical dilatation refers to the uterine os doing what? |
Opening up enough to facilitate the expulsion of the foetus. |
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What is fundal dominance, and where does it begin? |
Fundal dominance occurs when the contraction begins at the top of the uterus (cornua) and extends downwards. This pattern allows for cervical dilation, and expulsion of the foetus. |
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What is polarity? |
This is the term used to describe the two neuromuscular segments of the uterus working in harmony to expel the foetus. The upper segment contract and retracts, while the lower segment contract slightly to allow the expulsion of the foetus. |
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For each labour, contractions can vary, but before established labour occurs, how regular are contractions? |
Every 15-20 mins lasting around 30 secs. |
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In established labour, how regular are contractions? |
Every 2-3 mins lasting 50-60 secs. |
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By the end of pregnancy, the uterus is described as having split into? |
Two, the lower and upper segment |
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The upper segment of the uterus is associated with? |
Contraction and Reatraction |
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The lower segment of the uterus is associated with? |
Dilatation. |
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What is the retraction ring? |
A ridge that develops between the upper and lower segments of the uterus. |
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During a show, the chorion becomes detached from where, leaving a blood stained mucous? |
The decidua, breaking the capillaries |
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As the lower segment of the uterus forms, the chorion becomes detached from it, this forms a sac of? |
Waters
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The baby's head fits snuggly into the cervix, and separates these waters into? |
The hind waters and forewaters |
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What do these waters assist in? |
Effacement Barrier for infection |
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General fluid pressure allows what for the foetus when there is a contraction? |
Optimum re-oxygeneisation |
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When should the membranes ideally rupture? |
At the end of the first stage of labour |
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It is important to consider emotional and psychological wellbeing, birth partners, birth plan etc. Discuss this. |
DISCUSS |
