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118 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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John Singleton Copley |
Born 1738 - died 1815 worked in several styles America's 1st master painter from limner to master painter reflective surfaces photo like quality |
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Rococo |
1750-1776 (style term for only decorative arts and painting) is the age of very conspicuous consumption in colonial America. Combination of Rocaille and Barroco |
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Mary & Elizabeth Royall J.S. Copley 1758 can paint fabric especially satin animals are in again (humming bird) partial landscape some scale issues (M hand on E shoulder) daughters of Isaac Royall rich rum merchant Titian Red as the public wanted |
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Mature American Copley
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1760-1774 dark setting focused light source named for J.S. Copley creating it |
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Mrs.Ezekiel Goldthwait
J.S. Copley 1770-1771 Mature American Copley 1760-1774 reflective surface table top light source from left darkness around 50" X 40" = standard Copley size 96 1-3 hour poses |
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HenryPelham (Boy with a Squirrel)
J.S. Copley 1765 Mature American Copley 1760-1774 Titian red drapery reflective surface light source left squirrel on chain Copley's half brother |
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BenjaminWest
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1738-1820 American Expatriot artist who moved to london painted big canvases such as death on a pale horse and christ rejected
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PaulRevere
J.S. Copley 1768 Mature American Copley 1760-1774 reflective table top PR working on a sliver teapot PR thinking light source in front of PR |
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BostonTea Party
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December16, 1773
Colpey father in law's tea destroyed |
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SamuelAdams
J.S. Copley 1770-1772 Mature American Copley 1760-1774 Titian Red coat pointing to plans Copley knows the business |
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Mr.and Mrs. Thomas Mifflin
J.S. Copley 1773 Mature American Copley 1760-1774 1st Gov of PA after revolution showed wealth via fringe Mifs from Philly went to Boston wife most prominent = more detail= more time |
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CopleyFamily
J.S. Copley 1776 Copley on left= Smibert in bermuda group Nature scene in back much fabric father in law happy family |
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NEOCLASSICISM |
1176-1865 America gainsindependence and models the country’s new government on the ancient democraciesof Rome and Greece. The classical tradition had been percolating for a while;it helps the new nation (United States) define itself. |
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Pompeii |
August 24, 79 CE
its rediscovery begins by the mid-18th century and is a significant influence on art by the late 18th century and well into the nineteenth century |
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Agrippina Landing at Brundisium with the Ashes of Germanicus Benjamin West 1768 Neoclassicism 1776-1865 Looks like Virgin Mary / holding husband ashes Ag = model of stoic virtue Ancient Roman subject from Roman History source material = monument of peace VM |
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Ariadne Asleep on the Island of Naxos
J. Vanderlyn 1809-1814 Neoclassicism 1776-1865 nude NOT naked no body hair father was Minos legend of the Minotaur / Titian Red left here by Thesius who is escaping via boat drugged and looking away US did not like the nude |
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Nude V Naked |
Nude = the ideal "beautiful" body without clothing Naked = looks better with clothes on |
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Venus Rising from the Sea (After the Bath)
Raphaelle Peale, 1822 Neoclassicism 1776-1865 Trompe L' Oeil (Tromp Loy) cloth was thought to be in front of painting dainty foot / long dainty arm |
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Trompe L' Oeil (Tromp Loy) |
Fool the EYE Very accurate details Controlled brush strokes Scale is accurate Physiology happens |
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George Washington Neoclassicism 1776-1865 1st Fed Gov commissioned statue Meant to honor GW not mock him / larger than life Head=realism neck down idealized Zeus/Jupiter reliefs on sides = Apollo on chariot main issue is shirtless / strong sculpture |
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The Greek Slave Neoclassicism 1776-1865 contrapposto stance 1st London then US / sep viewing hours m/f Nude is ok because there is a reason for nude 5'5" = life size / cross on necklace by hand chained to post / had fictional biography resembles Aphrodite |
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contrapposto |
counterpoise the stance of many sculptures weight shifted to one side 1 straight leg other is bent introduced by Greeks in 400s Egyptians do not use CPP = way to do standing figures |
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Heriam Powers |
US born studied in Florence Italy The Greek Slave 1843 |
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Hermes Praxitelesancient Greek sculpture of the 4th C. BCE |
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California Neoclassicism 1776-1865 personification of CA gold rush Aster Family purchased gave to MET |
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The White Captive Neoclassicism 1776-1865 Nude ok due to being captive head is turned to side to show shame In MET |
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Nydia, the Blind Girl of Pompeii Neoclassicism 1776-1865 Blind = eyes are closed hard of hearing = hand to ear physical handicap = stick/cane breast exposed ok since running from volcano last survivor of Pompeii / just missed by falling debris |
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Forever Free, Neoclassicism 1776-1865 is at Howard University in DC |
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Romanticism |
1776-1865 |
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Death of Wolfe Romanticism 1776-1865 general dying in battlefield NA watching the event British flag being held up |
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Watson and the Shark Romanticism 1776-1865 |
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Death and Disaster Series |
Andy Warhol 1963 - 1968 Double Jackie / Electric Chair / Green Car Crash stopped due to near death experience |
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Electric Chair Andy Warhol 1963-1968 Death and Disaster Series photo Romantic style 1776-1865 sing sing in new york |
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Green Car Crash Andy Warhol 1963-1958 Death and disaster series photo Romantic Style 1776-1865 did a lot of accidents this one is firey |
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Double Jackie Andy Warhol 1963 - 1968 Death and Disaster series photo Romantic style 1776-1865 |
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Death on a Pale Horse Romantic 1776-1865 expatriot who painted in london uses sublime messaging HUGE 25' W x 14'8" T |
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sublime |
deep intense emotions that bring you closer to GOD |
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The Dead Man Restored to Life by Touching the Bones of the Prophet Elisha
W. Allston. 1811 - 1814 Romanticism 1776-1865 old testament / book of kings 13' x 10' very narrative image shock, people held back by guard |
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Moonlit Landscape romanticism 1776-1865 loosely based on experiences on his journey to US water reflects light at night extreme details in the clouds almost Claudian Mode flooded by light from full moon |
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Hudson River School |
1820-1865 this directly comes under the bigger umbrella of the Romantic aesthetic but focuses on the American interest in landscape where the same qualities in Romantic history pictures could also be found. Uses Claudian Mode A LOT not an actual school or building but a collective group |
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A. Fisher |
one of the first to visit Niagara Falls to sketch on site
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Niagara Romanticism / Hudson River School 1820-1865 7'6" W x 5'6" H no tourist in painting rainbow brings in GOD/sublime #1 family destination at the time |
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Manifest Destiny |
Belief US has the divine right to gain land from Atlantic to Pacific oceans and from the Great Lakes to the Rio Grande (and even beyond) |
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R. W. Emerson “Nature,” 1836--
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Ralph Waldo Emerson’s slim book Nature represents one of the founding texts of American transcendentalism. Frustrated with the fusty bookishness of his contemporaries, Emerson (1803-1882) retreated to the woods to experience poetry, philosophy, and religion first hand.
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Transcendentalism
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an idealistic philosophical and social movement that developed in New England around 1836 in reaction to rationalism. Influenced by romanticism, Platonism, and Kantian philosophy, it taught that divinity pervades all nature and humanity, and its members held progressive views on feminism and communal living. Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau were central figures.
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View from Mount Holyoke, Romanticism / HRS 1820-1865 Northampton, MA after a Thunderstorm Preserve nature / interstate now goes through put himself into painting in natural nature sketched there but painted in studio natural landscape vs human changed |
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Claudian Mode |
Claude Lorrain specialized in landscape Trees framing at least 1 side centrally placed body of water distant mountains small scale figures in fore ground darker foreground vs back light filled peaceful and tranquility used by Hudson River School artists |
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Kindred Spirits Romanticism / HRS 1820-1865 our book cover / homage to Cole Claudian Mode 3 trees on left = holy trinity flying bird may be Cole's spirit Sublime messaging / outdoor cathedral |
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Blue Hole, Little Miami River Romanticism / HRS 1820-1865 Claudian Mode abolitionist movement emphasizes fishing artist like fishing other side of Appalachian mounts reflective water |
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Autumn--On the Hudson River Romanticism / HRS 1820-1865 2nd generation HRS used tubes of paint = more vibrant colors received poorly by queen though fake artist sent autumn leaves to prove colors |
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The Heart of the Andes Romanticism / HRS 1820-1865 Claudian Mode / Church made 2 trips to South America brought God in with a shrine on left side carved his name in tree as signature displayed with potted palm trees and heat to give it the sense of being in the tropics |
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Alexander von Humboldt, Kosmos, 1845-1862
Book / "most significant respect for mother nature is to paint her" Vol 2 Kosmos Mark Twain's brain was gasping and reeling while reading this book |
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Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species by the Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1859)
book / evolutionary theory nature = place of competition "Taking God out of Nature was not his intent" went to Gallopogos island |
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Cotopaxi Romanticism / HRS 1820-1865 Claudian Mode during civil war = US erupting perfect painting at perfect time Church climbed Cotopaxi but it did not erupt was Highest peak of Andes in Quito, Ecuador |
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Twilight in the Wilderness Romanticism / HRS 1820-1865 Claudian Mode |
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Olana Romantic Style irregular roof line / mideval like / lack of symetry bank of Hudson River painting studio added in 1880s on back side "about 1 hour from Albany is the center of the world and I own it" |
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The Rocky Mountains, Lander’s Peak Romanticism / HRS 1820-1865 Claudian mode reflective water / bear skinning in foreground brought HRS to the West possibly Alps or Himalayas but actually Rockies |
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Among the Sierra Nevada Mountains, CA, Romanticism / HRS 1820-1865 Claudian Mode "he thought he found garden of eden" herd of deer shows it is US reflective water |
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Yellowstone National Park |
1872 - 1st land put under federal protection due to HRS artists pushing for saving land |
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Romantic landscape design
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Garden Cementaries 1776-1865 = Mt Auburn, Laurel Hill, Greenwood planned to look unplanned Central Park 1853-1876 Earthworks late 60s-present =Spiral Jetty & Running Fence |
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Central Park F.L. Olmstead and C. Vaux 1853-1876 to give residents of the city a place to feel not like they are in a city without having to go to a garden cemetery or out of the city. rocks were left to seem unplanned |
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Spiral Jetty Earthwork late 1960s-present on great salt lake / 1500' long 20' wide 6650 tons of stone has disappeared and reappeared due to water level |
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Running Fence Earthwork late 1960s-present all materials were given to the land owners only up for 14 days took 4 years 24.5 miles 2 counties in California 59 ranches and 14 roads work should be finite / ended in pacific ocean |
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New York Earth Room |
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Voyage of Life 4 paintings birth/youth/adult/death youth is most sought after |
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Luminism |
1850-1875 Transcendentalism R. W. Emerson "Nature," 1836 is an American landscape painting style of the 1850s – 1870s, characterized by effects of light in landscapes, through using aerial perspective, and concealing visible brushstrokes. |
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Beacon Rock, Newport Harbor Luminism 1850-1875 |
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Shrewsbury River Luminism 1850-1875 |
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Owl’s Head, Penobscot Bay Luminism 1850-1875 |
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Brace’s Rock Luminism 1850-1875 |
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Impressionism / Impressionist |
a style or movement in painting originating in France in the 1860s, characterized by a concern with depicting the visual impression of the moment, especially in terms of the shifting effect of light and color.a literary or artistic style that seeks to capture a feeling or experience rather than to achieve accurate depiction Major is Claude Monet / Impressionist was a slight that the artists used as a positive. |
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Thunder Storm on Narragansett Bay Luminism 1850-1875 |
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Romanticism / Genre |
1776-1865 Genre –subject matter not a style; it appears in 19th-century America as an aspect of pure Romanticism |
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The Truant Gamblers Romanticism / Genre 1776-1865 popular with middle class tells a story |
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“Happy Birthday, Miss Jones,”
Norman Rockwell 1956 Romanticism / Genre 1776 - 1865 US most popular illustrator-genre artist |
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The Painter’s Triumph Romanticism / Genre man with whip staring at unknown masterpiece other works facing other way |
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The Power of Music Romanticism / Genre 1776-1865 white men singing / black man should be working stereo types, bottle on ground and not working |
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Eel Spearing at Setauket Romanticism / Genre 1776-1865 eastern long island very luministic but still Romantic in style |
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Fur Traders Descending the Missouri Romanticism / Genre 1776-1865 paralled with Mark Twain's details of Missouri and Mississippi rivers black furry thing maybe a cat? |
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Slave Auction Romanticism / Genre Not well liked due to the topic molded plaster that is beige or gray in color to look like cut stone |
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Checkers Up at the Farm Romanticism / Genre 1776-1865 most popular piece farm owner with a worker worker won |
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Neoclassic |
1776-1865 architecture during romanticism time |
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Virginia State Capitol Neoclassic 1776-1865 1st neoclassical building in US TJ designed while in France based Roman temple in France Maison Carree portico with ionic columns |
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Columns |
Doric=most basic pure from, no base Greek Ionic=Scrolls on top base on bottom Corinthian=Leaves on top wide base ROMAN (Romans are Greek wannabes) |
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Maison Carree in Nimes, France
VA State Capitol is based off |
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Massachusetts State House Neoclassic1776-1865 land was owned by Copley Cheers Bar was originally Bull & Finch vocal point is dome Corinthian columns / round archways / ent stairs |
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Monticello Neoclassic 1776-1865 little mountain in Italian Gibbsian & Paladian mix Jefferson's country home the dependency houses are hidden into the landscape |
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University of Virginia Neoclassic 1776-1865 based off Patheon 3 need for learning 1-high air quality,2-students and faculty live together, 3-all building modeled from Roman Architectecture 1825 first class 1828 1st degree TJ 1826 |
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Pantheon - the most influencial building in art history
in Rome When F.L. Wright designed the Guggenheim Museum, he called it “my Pantheon.” |
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The White House Neoclassic 1776-1865 became known as White House after fire made it necessary for it to be painted |
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US Capitol Neoclassic 1776-1865 dome has gotten bigger over years wings and mini domes added original home of the big GW shirtless sculpture Dr. W. Thornton/B.H.Latrobe/C. Bulfinch--worked on the various stages of the US Capitol since 1793. The building has evolved into the one that we now have. It was Walter who gave it its present character |
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Second Bank of the US Neoclassic 1776-1865 1st building directly from Greek Architecture Doric Cloumns looked manly so money was safe Parthenon in Athens Greece Chartered by Monroe not rechartered by Jackson no longer a 1830s |
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Parthenon—in Athens = rectangle
Pantheon - in Rome = circular |
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Lincoln Memorial Neoclassic 1776-1865 symbol for Abe Lincoln columns on all four sides big statue in middle |
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Lyndhurst Romantic 1776-1865 country house for NY mayor on Hudson River bought by RR tycoon made to look like a castle medieval revival casement style windows with lead frames |
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Henry Delamater Residence, Romantic 1776-1865 gingerbread cottages but are Romantic designs many throughout South Jersey vertical wood siding = board and batten front porch to commune with nature elaborate wood trim decor |
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books and pamphlets on how to decorate = HGTV of its time |
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American Gothic Romantic 1776-1865 Gothic because of house in back board & batten regionalism house is in Iowa curtains & dress same material guy=dentist girl=sister of artist meant to bring back good ole days of US farming |
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Regionalism |
American style of painting in the 1930s and 1940s
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Llewellyn Park Romanticism 1776-1865 US 1st suburb in Essex County Non-religious / planned to look unplanned living in Nature with access to Newark & NYC gated community 425 acres 50 of which are for communal activities |
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Smithsonian Institution Romanticism 1776-1865 "The Castle" largest Romantic Style Public building in the US nothing to do with Ancient Rome or Greece Redish brown stone sticks out in the White DC area some did not like it |
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St. Patrick’s Cathedral Romantic 1776-1865 gift from astar family / no basement = bedrock Cath Pop ^ due to potato famine in Ireland 3 doors in only= trinity / shaped like christian cross NYC skyscraper of its time civil war draft slowed production |
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Realism |
1865-1900 spring board for modern era no exotic or imagined subjects. artist is looking for real world. These are easily experienced "I can't paint an angel because I never seen one" |
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Abe Lincoln 4 days Pre POTUS M. Brady 1860 Realism 1865-1900 looks young no beard and standing |
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Abe Lincoln just 4 days before assassination M. Brady 1865 Realism 1865-1900 looks very old with beard and sitting |
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Ruins of the Gallego Flour Mills, Richmond, Realism 1865-1900 burned out flour mills = southerners did not want the building to be useable by the northerners |
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A Harvest of Death Realism 1865-1900 in Gardner's Photographic Sketchbook of the War 1865-1866 looter were harvesting the dead bodies battle of Gettysburg after Lee surrenders |
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Gardner’s Photographic Sketchbook of the War, 1865-66
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W. Whitman, Leaves of Grass (1855)
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Max Schmitt in a Single Scull
T. Eakins 1871 Realism 1865-1900 best friend MS in front scull TE in back scull loved painting sports and competition |
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The Gross Clinic
T.Eakins 1875 Realism 1865-1900 too "REAL" for most audiences TE in pic on right hand side with sketch pad his janitor friend in tunnel edges stopped to think like a photo light shining on forehead and hand with scalpel was not commissioned just hoped |
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The Agnew Clinic T.Eakins 1889 Realism 1865-1900 all in white / a female nurse / a masectomy all men in class some cuddle? asked to do this for retiring Agnew by the graduating class offered $750 |
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Walt Whitman T. Eakins 1888 Realism 1865-1900 WW liked that TE painted the real him and did not idealize the portrait light source from left |
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Miss Amelia. van Buren Realism 1865-1900 she was a photographer but was painted with out her camera? just like any woman with a dress sitting and a fan in her hand |
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Winslow Homer (1836-1910) Realism 1865-1900 Harper’s Weekly – woodcut engravings made to make several prints. well to do women of long branch in French style swim wear
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Long Branch, NJ actual painting instead of wood drawing shows new umbrellas for sunning and shade rich women in long flowy clothes white |
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West Point, Prout’s Neck Realism 1865-1900 off coast of ME |
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The Armory Show – 69th Regiment Armory, NYC
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International Exhibition of Modern Art—around 1600 works by 300 artists)February 17, 1913 to March 15, 1913
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