Final - Bus 112

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Relation

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A named two-dimentional table of data

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Primary key

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An attribute (or combonation of attributes) that uniquely identifies each row in a relation

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Composite key

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A primary key that consists of more than one attribute

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Foreign key

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An attribute in a relation of a database that serves as the pimary key of another relation in the same database

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Null

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A value that may be assigned to an attribute when no other value applies or when the applicable value is unknown

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Entity integrity rule

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No primary key attribute (or component of a primary key attribute) can be null

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Referential integrity constraint

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A rule that states that either each foreign key value must match a primary key value in another relation or the foriegn key value must be null

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Well-structured relation

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A relation that contains minimal redundancy and allows users to insert, modify, and delete the rows in a table without errors or inconsistencies

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Anomaly

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An error or inconsistency that may result when a user attempts to update a table that contains redundant data. The three types of anomalies are insertion, deletion and modification

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Recursive foreign key

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A foriegn key in a relation that references the primary key values of that same relation

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Normalization

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The process of decomposing relations with anomalies to produce smaller,well-structured relations

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Normal form

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A state fo a relation that results from applying simple rules regarding functional dependancies (or relationships between attributes) to that relation.

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First Normal form

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Any multivalue attributes have been removed, so there is a simgle value at the intersection of each row and column of the table

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Second Normal form

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Any partial functional dependencies have been removed

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Third Normal form

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Any transitive dependencies have been removed

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Boyce-Codd normal form

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Any remaining anomalies that result from finctional dependencies have been removed

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Fourth normal form

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Any multivalued dependencies have been removed

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Fifth normal form

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Any remaining anomalies have been removed

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Functional dependency

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A constraint between two attributes or two sets of attributes

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Determinant

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The attribute on the left-hand side of the attow in a functional dependency

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Synonymns

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Two (or more) attributes having different names but the same meaning, as whne they describe the same characteristic of an entity (Student_ID and Student_No)

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Alias

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An alternative name used for an attribute

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Homonym

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An attribute that may have more than one meaning (account could mean checking acct, savings acct, loan acct, etc.)

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Enterprise key

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A primary key whose value is qnique across all relations

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Candidate key

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An attribute, or combonation of attributes, that uniquely identifies a row in a relation

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Partial functional dependency

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A functional dependency in which one or more nonkey attributes are functionally dependent on part (but not all) of the primary key)

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Transitive dependency

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A functional dpendency between two (or more) nonkey attributes

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Relational DBMS (RDBMS)

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A database management system that manages data as a collection of tables in which all data relationshops are represented by common value in related tables

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Base table

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A table in the relational data model containing the inserted raw data. Base tables correspond to the relations that are identified in the database's conceptual schema

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Dynamic view

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A virtual table that is created dynamically upon request by a user

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Materialized view

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Copes or replicas of data based on SQL queries created in the same manner as dynamic views

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Referential integrity

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An integrity constraint specifying that the value (or existence) of an attribute in one relation depends on the value (or existence) of a primary key in the same or another relation

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Join

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A relational operation that causes two tables with a common domain to be combined into a single table or view

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Equi-join

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A join in which the joining condition is based on equality between values in the common columns. Common columns appear (redundantly) in the result table

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Natural join

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Same as equi-join except one of the duplicate columns is elimated in the result table

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Outer join

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A join in which rows that do not have matching values in common columns are nevertheless included in the result table

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Switchboard Manager

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A Microsoft Access tool that helps you create and customize a switchboard

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Switchboard Items

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A table created by the Switchboard Manager describing the command buttons on the switchboard

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Default page, or main page

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The switchboard page that will appear when you open the switchboard form

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Ampersand & (in switchboard)

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Creates a hot key