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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Begging the question |
asks the reader to accept the conclusion without providing real evidence |
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circular reasoning |
when someone supports a statement by restating it in different terms |
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weak analogy |
inaccurate, inappropriate, or misleading comparison between two things- the larger the distance, the weaker the analogy |
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personal attack |
attacking the character or morals of a person instead of attacking his argument |
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you also |
asserts that a statement is false because it is inconsistent with what the speaker has said or done |
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straw man |
presentation of a weak argument that can easily be refuted- focus on weaker issues and give the impressions that they have effectively refuted the oponent's arguments |
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hasty generalization |
making assumptions on a whole group based on a sample that is inadequate- drawing conclusions from scanty evidence |
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either or choice |
reduces complicated issues to only two possible courses of action |
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equivocation |
when a key term has one meaning in one part of the sentence and another meaning in another part of the sentence |
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red herring |
using misleading evidence to support a conclusion |
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slippery slope |
argument suggests that one thing will lead to another, with disastrous results |
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doubtful authority |
impressing with a famous name |
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misuse of statistics |
when data is misinterpreted or distorted intentionally or unintentionally to make a point |
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faulty causality |
because two events occur close in time, one must cause the other |
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non sequitur |
statement that does not logically relate to what comes before it |
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bandwagon |
because "everyone else agrees" |
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dogmatism |
the writers beliefs are the only acceptable ones |
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moral equivalence |
compares minor problems with more serious crimes |
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appeal to pity |
making people feel sorry for someone/something |
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appeal to ignorance |
a proposition is true because it has not been proven false |
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oversimplifying |
writer gives smug answers to complicated questions |
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scare tactics |
try to frighten people into agreeing with the arguer |
