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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hierarchy of biological organization |
Biosphere, ecosystems, communities, populations, organ, tissue, cells, organelle, molecule |
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Underlying theme in all of bio |
Evolution |
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Why is experiment controls important |
It’s important because it’s designed to Minimize the effects of Variable other than the independent variable. Increase reliability result |
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Charles Darwin |
Species arose from a ancestor Natural selection evolutionary adaptation to natural environment |
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Systems of biology to understand |
Study of how molecules interact and come together to give rise to |
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What macromolecules unity among organisms |
The structure and function of dna |
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Main source of energy |
The sun |
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Fundamental unit of life |
Cells |
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Linnaean taxonomy |
Branch of bio that names and classifies species l, formalize this ordering species into groups breadth on degree of share characteristics |
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Central dogma molecular bio |
One of unifying theories, info coded in mole stored, replic, transcribed and translated cellular machinery. Process of using instr encoded dna to copy itself for cell divi. DNA-rna-protein |
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How to know if interaction weak or strong |
Molecule intera. Indivi. Weak occur when atoms molecules are very close together |
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Van der walls interactions |
When many molecule interactions occur simultaneously they can be powerful. Another name hydropobic interactions |
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Isotopes |
Versions of an atom or element that have same number of protons different neutrons |
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Atomic number |
Number of protons |
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Atomic mass |
Measured in Dalton’s equal to mass number |
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Four main elements of life |
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen |
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Bonds broken for water to vapor |
Hydrogen bonds |
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Hydrophobic |
Molecules nonpolar don’t dissolve in water cannot form hydrogen bonds, dissolve in lipids or fats(lipophilic) |
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Hydrophilic |
Interaction with water and other polar substances more thermodynamically favorable than their interaction with oil or hydrophobic solvents , polarized capable of hydro bonding |
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Evaporative cooling |
Lower temperature increase humidity of air by using latent heat of evaporation, liquid to vapor energy in air does not change, warm dry air to cool moist air |
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Ph |
Solution defined as a negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. Potential hydrogen |
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Water cohesiveness |
Cohesion hold hydrogen bonds together to create surface tension on water. |
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What causes covalent bonds to be polar or non polar |
If difference of electronegativity between two atoms is slight, polar covalent bond formed, slight change causes one atom to have stronger pull in electron than other atom |
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Organic chemistry |
Study of carbon compounds |
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Saturated fats |
Solid in room temp, single between carbon atom, made by animals , found in oils |
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Unsaturated fats |
Double bonds between carbon atoms, liquid room temp, made by plants |
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Electrons carbon share valence shell |
Carbon 4 valence electrons, additional four electrons same as neon, forming single covalent bond second atom will not complete either valence shell |
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Components of nucleotides |
A sugar called deoxyribose a phosphate 1 phosphorus atom joined to 4 oxygen atoms one 4 bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine |
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Amino acids features |
Contains chon plus sulfur, primary source of nitrogen when ingested, grouped according to properties of their side chains, 20 amino acids 9 essential |
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Amino acid identity |
Side chain gives aa by attaching it to the center carbon |
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Amino acid identity |
Side chain gives aa by attaching it to the center carbon |
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Dehydration reaction |
Monomers connected two molecules covalently bonded together loss of water molecule. Bond between two monomers one provide hydroxyl group (-OH) other give hydrogen (-H) |
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Why went can’t disgust cellulose |
Glucose subunit different than those starch causing different shape straight instead of helical shape, we don’t have enzymes digest by hydrolyzing because of distinct different shapes |
