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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CCR5-delta32 |
protein HIV uses to get into cell ^ levels where HIV is rare body evolved to change shape and not let it in |
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HIV 1 |
most common most infectious |
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HIV 2 |
rare less infectious developed from different set of monkeys |
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phylogeny |
historical relationships between populations or species |
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node |
a branch point within a genetic tree |
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shortsighted evolution |
virus evolves to be better but also becomes better at killing host |
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why is HIV lethal? |
because of shortsighted evolutionary patterns |
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microevolution |
observable small scale change in species/population gene frequencies, trait tendencies, etc. |
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speciation |
splitting and diverging of lineages, increasing the number of species |
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macroevolution |
the origination of new life from earlier versions over large periods of time |
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theory of special creation (creationism) |
young earth no speciation lineages do not split |
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theory of descent with modification |
species change over time (macroevolution) new species diverge from others earth is old |
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evidence for microevolution |
breeding animals for selective traits/behaviors ex. dogs, mice, soapberry bugs |
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law of succession |
general pattern of correspondence between fossil and living forms from the same locale |
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evidence for speciation |
fruit flies mating with other flies that like same food |
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species |
population/groups of pops which can interbreed |
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evidence for macroevolution |
have to look at fossils extinction occurs transitional forms - blennies and archaeopteryx |
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why do we get the hiccups? |
have have evolved from ancestors that went from gill to lung breathing had to shut glottis to keep water in lungs neural circuits were repurposed |
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evidence for common ancestry |
homologous structures molecular/genetic similarities shared vestigal traits developmental homologies=tail, pharyngeal arches |
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evidence for age of the earth |
erosion and other slow processes slowly formed the geological structures (uniformitarianism) |
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lengths of time in order |
(longest) Eon>Era>Period>Epoch (shortest) EoEr PeEp |
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evolution by natural selection |
method by which traits are selected for or against |
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artificial selection |
trait selection forced by humans |
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Darwin's postules of natural selection |
1. there is variation among individuals 2. the variation is inherited 3. more individuals born than will survive 4. some variants survive and reproduce at higher rates than others |
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darwinian fitness |
the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce |
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adaptation |
a trait that improves an individuals darwinian fitness relative to others |
