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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why is the term cholangitis being used in cats instead of cholangiohepatitits?
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The inflammatory changes are surrounding the bile ducts and generally not extending into the parenchyma
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What are the two major types of Fel inflammatory liver disease?
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neturophillic cholangitis
lymphocytic cholangitis (liver fluke) |
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Cholangitis in cats is generally due to some of these diseases vs. dogs
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FIP
Toxoplasmosis RX reaction FIV Triaditis - Dog generally are ideopathic |
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What are some Feline non-liver causes of inflammatory liver disease (5)
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FIP
protozoal (toxoplasmosis) bartonella RX (tetracyclines/diazepam) |
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What is the most common cause of liver disease in cats?
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ideopathic lipidosis
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What is the second most common cause of liver disease in cats?
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cholangitis
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This type of inflammatory liver disease is most commonly seen in young to middle aged (SEX) cats.
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neutrophilic cholangitis
Males |
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What are the two major types of inflammatory liver disease?
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neturophillic cholangitis
lymphocytic cholangitis (liver fluke) |
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What are some non-liver causes of feline inflammatory liver disease (4)
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FIP
protozoal (toxoplasmosis) bartonella RX (tetracyclines/diazepam) |
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What is the most common cause of liver disease?
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ideopathic lipidosis
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What is the second most common cause of liver disease?
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cholangitis
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This disease occurs in middle aged to older cats
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neutrophilic cholangitis
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What are the clinical signs of feline neutrophilic cholangitis?
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Vomiting - MC
jaundice fevel |
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What occurs with acute neutrophilic cholangitis at the cellular level?
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Neturophils infilatrate the bile duct lumen and surrounding epithelium. Can invade the parencyma and lead to abscesses
necrosis of bile duct |
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What occurs at the cellular level of chronic neutrophilic cholangitis?
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fibrosis and bile duct proliferation.
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What other diseases are known to occur with feline neutrophilic cholangitis (acute or chronic)?
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triaditis - IBD, pancreatitis, and cholangitis
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What labratory values would you expect with Feline neutrophillic cholangitis?
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MC is increase in ALT
+/- ALP, GGT increased Leukocytosis with L shift |
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What do you see on ultrasound for feline neutrophillic cholangitis?
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gallbladder distention
thickening of gallbladder wall sludging of bile |
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Triaditis is more common in this form of cholangitis
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neutrophillic
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Cholelithiasis in cats generally occurs with this disease?
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neutrophillic cholangitis
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What bacteria are associated with N0 cholangitis?
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E. coli - MC
Entercoccus Strep Clostridium Bacteriodes |
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What ABs should be started for feline neutrophilic cholangitis?
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Clavamox
Cephalexin Fluroquinolones Metronidazole Combo - 4-8 weeks |
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Besides Abs, what should also be used for TX with feline neutrophilic cholangitis?
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Fluid support
pain support steriods for anti-inflamatory support if Abs have been instutued |
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What age is feline lymphocytic cholangitis most common in?
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Young cats initally (<4 yrs age); however, C/S are less severe and cats are sicker longer. May not present until older.
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What is the etiology of feline lymphocytic cholangitis?
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Unknown, but suspect immune mediated
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What are presenting signs for feline lymphocytic cholangitis?
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jaundice
ascititis Do not appear ill |
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Labratory changes that can occur with feline lymphocytic cholangitis? Abdominocentesis?
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mild elevation: ALT, ALKP,bilirubin, and GGT
abdominocentesis - yellow fluid with high protein |
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What a a differential for lymphocytic cholangitis?
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FIP
(although these cats have pyrexia and inappetance) |
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Treatment for feline lymphocytic cholangitis?
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corticosteriods
urodeoxycholate AB is indicated on culture Antioxidents |
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TX options for the ascities
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centesis
furosemide low sodium diet |
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Prognosis for cats with lympocytic cholangitis
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those with jaundice do better than those with ascities
MST 37 months |
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What type of cholangitis is generally considered a form of neutrophilic cholangitis?
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mixed inflammatory cholangitis
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What are some of the clinical signs of mixed inflammatorycholangitis?
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waxing/wayning chronic illness
inappetence lethargy |
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What is TX for mixed inflammatory cholangitis?
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-initate AB therapy while bacteria cultures are pending
- If positive TX for 4-6 weeks - If no clinical improvment after 1-2 weeks, antiinflammatory dose with prednison with antibiotics. |