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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
An action is morally right just in case it will produce on balance the
greatest amount of utility. |
Act Utilitarianism
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Literally: giving laws to yourself; self-governing or self-determining.
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Autonomy
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An ethical theory that defines moral rightness in terms of the
consequences of an action. Utilitarianism is a brand of consequentialism. |
Consequentialism
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An act is morally right whenever it is approved by the culture in
which it is performed. (Morality is defined by a particular culture's opinions.) |
Cultural Relativism:
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1) Moral theories that make duties fundamental to ethics.
Kantian Ethics is often characterized as a deontological ethic. 2) Moral theories that define the morality of an action in terms of an action's intrinsic or internal properties and not its relations to other things. |
Deontological Ethics:
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The study of rights or duties.
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Deontology:
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An act is morally right whenever God commands or wants
it. (Note: This says more than God commands what is morally right. It says that the morality of an action is defined by God's will.) |
Divine Command Theory:
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An act is morally right whenever it is in my self-interest. (Morality is
defined by what is good for me. Do not confuse Ethical Egoism with Psychological Egoism.) |
Ethical Egoism:
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There is no such thing as moral rightness or wrongness; there are no
moral values. |
Ethical Nihilism:
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The view that we do not know what is morally right or wrong, or
what the nature of morality is. |
Ethical Skepticism:
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The systematic study of how human beings ought to act and be and the nature
of moral rightness and wrongness. |
Ethics:
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An action is morally right just in case it is done out of love or caring.
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Ethics of Care:
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A Greek term used by Aristotle to refer to human well-being or flourishing.
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Eudaimonia:
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An act is morally right whenever a) it is done out of respect for the
Categorical Imperatives and b) it accords with the Categorical Imperatives. |
Kantian Morality:
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action is morally right just in case it is done in accordance with
a rule whose adoption produces on balance the greatest amount of utility. |
Rule Utilitarianism: An
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An act is morally right whenever I think it is right or feel that it is
right. (Morality is defined by each individual's opinions or emotions.) |
Moral Subjectivism:
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1) An ethic that focuses on the nature of the good life and how to
achieve it. 2) Applied to moral duty: An action is morally right just in case the act is an expression of a virtue. |
Virtue Ethics:
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A character trait of something that characterizes its flourishing or well-being.
Some human virtues are health, honesty, or courage. Other things, especially living things, e.g. animals and plants, also have virtues. |
Virtue:
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