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86 Cards in this Set
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An applied scientific discipline that is concerned with how humans interact with tools and equipment. |
Ergonomics |
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Emphasizes experimental psychology and systems engineering |
Human factors |
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Interaction between the worker and equipment used in the workplace |
Work system design |
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Deals with the design of products that are safer, more comfortable and more user-friendly and mistake-proof. |
Product Design |
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Ergonomic approach |
Fitting the job to the person |
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Basic model in ergonomics |
Human-machine system |
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Human machine category that involves a person using some hand tool. |
Manual system |
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Human-machine system category that refers to one or more humans using powered equipment to accomplish the job |
Mechanical system |
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A human machine category that involves minimum human attention in a job |
Automated system |
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Human components in ergonomics Human components in ergonomics Human components in ergonomics |
Human senses Human brain Human effectors |
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Fingers, hands, feet and voice |
Human effectors |
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Machine components Machine components Machine components |
Process Displays Controls |
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Environmental components Environmental components |
Physical environment Social environment |
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A branch of anthropology that is concerned with the physical dimensions of the human body. |
Anthropometry |
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Ergonomics is from the word/s? |
Ergon and nomos |
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Anthropometry is from the word? |
Anthropos and metron |
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Metric to assess whether the individual is overweight, underweight or normal. |
Body mass index |
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Formula of bmi in metric |
W/H2 |
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Formula of bmi in english |
703W/H2 |
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It is an anthropometric design principle that makes use of statistical data by attempting to develop a design that can accomodate nearly all users. |
Design for Extreme Individuals |
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It is an anthropometric principle that designs products so that certaim features can be adjusted in order to accomodate a wide range of users. |
Design for Adjustability |
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It is an anthropometric principle that designs products so that certaim features can be adjusted in order to accomodate a wide range of users. |
Design for Adjustability |
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It is an anthropometric principle that is the cheapest but least preferred approach |
Design for Average Users |
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It is an anthropometric principle that when the only way to accomodate user population is to make the product in different sizes. |
Design for different sizes for different size users |
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It deals with how the human body responds to physical work activity |
Work Physiology |
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It is the primary actuator for performing physical labor and other activities requiring force and motion |
Human musculoskeletal system |
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How many bones in a body? |
206 |
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Types of joints in the body |
Ball and socket Pivot Hinge |
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Types of muscles in the body |
Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle Skeletal muscle |
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This provide the power for force and motion in the musculoskeletal system |
Skeletal muscle |
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How many skelatal muscles in the body? |
400 |
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How much does muscle account for body weight? |
40 percent |
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It is concerned with the vital processes of living organisms |
Physiology |
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It connects muscles to bones |
Tendons |
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It is a type of muscle contraction wherein the muscle becomes shorter when it contracts. |
Concentric muscle contraction |
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The muscle elongates when it contracts |
Eccentric muscle contraction |
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The muscle length stays the same when it contracts |
Isometric muscle contraction |
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This process provides energy for the vital processes and activities of the body. |
Metabolism |
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The common measure of energy and energy rate |
Kcal and kcal/min |
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It is the minimum amount of energy used by the human body and used only to sustain the vital circulatory and respiratory functions |
Basal metabolism |
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This is the energy associated with physical activity. |
Activity metabolism |
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It is the energy used for digestion |
Digestive metabolism |
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Total daily metabolic rate formula |
TMR=BMR+AMR+DMR |
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Daily metabolic rate formula |
DMR=0.1(BMR+AMR) |
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Basal metabolic rate of 20 yr female |
0.9 kcal/hr/kg |
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Basal metabolic rate of 20 yr male |
1 kcal/hr/kg |
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Primary source of muscle energy |
Carbohydrates |
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It is stored in the muscles and changed into glucose as needed. |
Glycogen |
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It is a reaction in w/c glucose is broken down into pyruvic acid and energy is released |
Glycolysis |
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The pyruvic acid is oxidized to form carbin dioxide and water |
Aerobic glycolysis |
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This takes place when there is insufficient oxygen and the pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid. |
Anaerobic glycolysis |
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It is concerned with the delivery of oxygen, glucose and other nutrients |
Cardiovascular system |
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Components of cardiovascular system |
Heart, arteries, veins and capillaries |
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Components of respiratory system |
Nasal cavity, air passageway and lungs |
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How many alveoli in a human lungs? |
200-600 million |
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Difference between the amount of oxygen needed by the muscles and the amount that is supplied |
Oxygen debt |
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Formula for amount of time for rest period |
R= W-5.33/W-1.33 |
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Appropriate amount of rest period |
ER=Twork(ERwork)+Trest(ERrest) / Twork+Trest |
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The maximum torque that a given muscle can exert voluntarily |
Strength |
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The maximum strength of a person happens at? |
25-35 yrs old |
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Defined as the capability to maintain an applied force over time |
Endurance |
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This is measured by the human subject applying a force as high as possible against an immovable object. |
Static Strength |
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It is tested under conditions that involve changes in joint angles and motion speed |
Dynamic Strength |
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The study of the capabilities and limitations of the human brain and sensory system while performing activities that have a significant information processing content |
Cognitive Ergonomics |
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It occurs when the human mind becomes aware of the sensation and interprets in based on previous experience and knowledge |
Perception |
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A temporary memory that holds a limited amount of information while being processed |
Working Memory |
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The warehouse of one's experience and knowledge |
Long term memory |
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The receptor that is associated with the five senses |
Exteroceptor |
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Receptors that are excited by stimuli arising within the body. |
Proprioceptors |
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The brightness of the light |
Luminous intensity |
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The capability to discriminate small objects or fine details |
Visual Acuity |
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Smallest feature that can be detected by the eye |
Minimum separable acuity or visual angle |
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Used by opthalmologist for testing visual acuity |
Snellen chart |
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The capability to perceive depth in one's field of view |
Stereoscopic Acuity |
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A condition wherein only various shades of gray but no colors are seen |
Monochromatism |
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A condition of partially blind and are sensitive to only two colors |
Dichromatism |
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Loudness |
Sound intensity |
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Pitch |
Frequency |
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Hearing loss due to aging |
Presbycusis |
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Hearing loss due to everyday sounds |
Sociocusis |
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Refers to situations in which there are multiple stimuli but multiple tasks must be performed together |
Divided Attention |
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It involves a situation in which an individual must watch for a signal of interest over a relatively long period of time |
Sustained Attention or Vigilance |
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A component of memory that coordinates activities of the other two components as information is being processed, and it also interacts with long term memory. |
Central executing component |
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It operated with visual and spatial information while it is being processed in working memory. |
Visuospatial sketchpad |
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It works with verbal and acoustical information in working memory |
Phonological loop |
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An information entity the mind works with as a unit |
Chunk |
