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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Super-vocational dev. unfolds in 5 stages
1.growth-birth to 14 |
-children become oriented to the work of work
-substages: a)fantasy(4-10) b)interest(11-12) c)capacity(13-14) |
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2 most widely know career theories are associated with:
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-donald super
-eli ginzberg both based on personal dev. |
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psychodynamic career counseling
(Murray Bowen) |
-uniqueness of people is interconnected with family of origin
-technique-draw a family or career genogram |
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psychodynamic theory
(anne roe) |
-career choices reflect the desire to satisy needs not met by parents in childhood
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displaced homemaker
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enter the job market out of necessity
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2.Exploration(15-24)
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-exploration of the world of work; career preference
-3 substages: a)tentative(15-17) b)transition(18-21) c)trial(22-24) |
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psychodynamic theory
roe-3 different parent child relationships |
1.a)overprotection-parents do to much for the child
b)overdemanding-parents emphasize achievement -tend to choose careers that provide recognition 2.avoidance of the child a)neglecting-little effort b)rejecting-no effort -careers involve mechanical interects as a way of finding gratification in life 3.acceptance-independence is encouraged -careers that balance personal & non personal aspects of life |
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many cultural minorities have difficulty
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obtaining meaningful employment because of employers discrimination, lask of marketable skills, and limited access to networks that lead to good jobs
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4.Maintanence(45-60)
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preserving what one has achieved
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3.Establishment
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-becoming established in a preffered & appropriate field of work
-2 substages: a)trial(25-30) b)advancement(31-44) |
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career counseling adolescents
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-CIDs-middle level computerized career info delivery systems for students to use
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nontraditional careers
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careers in which people of one gender are not usually employed
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working with women counselors need to:
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watch out for occupational sex role stereotyping
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glass ceiling phenomenon
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women can rise only so far in a corporation because they are not seen as being able to perform top level executive duties
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career counseling is also called:
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-vocational guidance
-occupational counseling -vocational counseling |
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career counseling with adults
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some adults may have midlife change in 40s(Erikson called generativity vs stagnation)
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career
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the course of events that constitue life
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career information
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info related to the work of work that can be useful in the process of career dev.
ex.education |
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Tiedeman & O'Hara's social cognitive approach: 7 stage model of career decisions
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1.exploration(14-18)
2.crystalization(18-21) 3.choice(18-25) 4.clarification(18-25) 5.induction(21-30) 6.reformation(21-30) 7.integration(30-40) -some overlap, each requires the individual to make a decision |
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career fairs
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inviting practitioners in a number of fields to explain their jobs
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career guidance
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all activities that seek to disseminate info about present or future vocations in a way that individuals become more knowledgable and aware about who they are in relationship to the world of work
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5.Decline(65 to death)
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-disengagement from work
-2 substages: a)deceleration(65-70) b)retirement(71-death) |
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computer assisted career guidance system (CAGSs)
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offers career info and helps individuals sort through their values & interests or just find job info
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career counseling of college students
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half of college experience career related problem
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career counseling children
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-first 6 yrs or school many children dev. a stable self perception & make a tentative commitment to a vocation
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krumboltz:4 factor influence career choice
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1.genetic endowment
2.conditions & events in the environment 3.learning experiences 4.task approach skills |
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career dev. assessment & counseling model (C-DAC)
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-system of career counseling
-views client as an individual and a constantly changing environment -employed over life span -promice for multicultural career theory |
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trait & factor theory
-6 categories in which personality types & job environments can be classified: |
-realistic
-investigative -artistic -social -enterprising -conventional |
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3 diagnosis of a client's career problems
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1.differential-what the problems are
2.dynamic-why problems have occured 3.decisional-how the problems are being dealt with |
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trait and factor theory
(Parsons) |
-traits of clients should first be assessed and then systematically matched with factors inherent in various occupations
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career shadowing
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following someone around on his or her daily work routine
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unrealistic aspirations
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goals beyond a person's capabilities
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2 ways of working with adults in career counseling:
1.differential approach |
-stresses that the typology of persons & environments is more useful than any life stage strategies for coping with career problems
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Educational programs like Mann's 4 Cs can
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help students at risk become involved in career exploration
-cash, care, computers, coalitions |
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CIDs-4 components
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-assessment
-occupational search -occupational info -educational info |
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3 key career dev. areas at the elementary school level:
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1.self awareness
2.career awareness & exploration 3.decision making |
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high school career counseling has 3 emphases:
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-stimulating career dev
-providing treatment -aiding placement |
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late entry or delayed entry women
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decide to enter the job market after considerable time at home, they pose considerable challenges for career counselors
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career counseling
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one to one or small group relationship between a client and a counselor with the goal of helping the client integrate and apply and understanding of self and the environment to make the most appropriate career decisions and adjustments
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2.dev. approach
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examines a greater number of individual & environmental variables
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focus in test use:
interpreting the tests without the tests |
letting the cloent & counselor share responsibility for interpreting what the test results mean independently of standardized norms
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