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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What divisions were there of the Nazi police state? |
The SS, the Gestapo, Concentration camps, informers, Police and courts and Himmler |
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What was the SS? |
Began as Hitler's personal protection Became means of controlling population Controlled concentration camps Run by Himmler |
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What were two main divisions of the SS? |
Waffen SS Death's heads units |
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What was the Waffen SS? |
Special military forces |
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What were the death's heads units? |
People in charge of concentration camps |
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What was the Gestapo? |
Secret police force Most feared by population Rumoured to be everywhere Could arrest and send to concentration camps |
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Why were informers important? |
They would tell Nazis if someone was braking the law. Came up with far more information than the Gestapo as there were far more of them. |
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What was the rise in crimes punishable by death under Hitler? |
2 to 46 |
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What was the general attitude of the church towards Nazis? |
Not to oppose |
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What did Hitler do to the Protestant churches? |
United them into a 'Reich Church' |
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Did people like the new 'Reich Church'? |
No. |
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Who headed the Reich Church? |
Bishop Ludwig-Muller |
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What movement was also encouraged by Hitler? |
The German Faith movement |
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What religion was the German Faith movement? |
Pagan |
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Which Christians opposed the Nazi regime? |
Bishop Galen Pastor Martin Niemoller Jehovah's witnesses |
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What did Bishop Galen do? |
Protested against Nazis throughout the 1930s Held a protest to stop the Nazis killing the disabled in 1941 Succeeded in stopping them for a short time |
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Why was Bishop Galen not killed? |
He was too popular |
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What did Pastor Martin Niemoller do? |
Didn't follow the Reich Church Helped Jews escape Germany Contacted Allies to ask what peace they would offer if Hitler was overthrown |
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What happened to Pastor Niemoller? |
Arrested in 1942 and hanged in 1945 |
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What did the Jehovah's Witnesses do? |
Refusedto salute to Hitler or take part in Nazi events or social life |
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What happened to the Jehovah's Witnesses? |
Sent to concentration camps |
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Who was the Bishop of Wurzberg? |
A Christian who encouraged his followers to fight for the fatherland |
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What other groups opposed the Nazi regime? |
Edelweiss Pirates The Swing Movement And the White Rose Movement |
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Who were the Edelweiss Pirates? |
A collective name for many small groups around Germany Working class teenagers |
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What happened to the Edelweiss Pirates? |
November 1944, 13 leaders were hung in Cologne |
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What was the Swing Movement? |
People who listened to Western music and learned dances such as the Jitterbug Had far more lenient attitudes towards sex than the rest of the Nazi Party |
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What was the White Rose Movement? |
A group which actively campaigned against Nazis Encouraged saboutage |
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Who lead the White Rose Movement? |
Hans and Sophie Scholl |
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What happened to Hans and Sophie Scholl? |
They were executed |
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What aspects of Nazi Propaganda were used when they were in power? |
Media (newspapers, films and radio), Parades and events, culture and the Olympics |
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What problems faced the Nazis in regards to newspapers? |
Thousands of very small newspapers- hard to control Many newspapers were owned by Jewish publishing firms |
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How did Goebbels solve the problems with newspapers? |
Goebbelstook over publishing firms Controlledwhat journalists could write Editor’s lawmeant that editors were personally responsible for the contents of theirnewspapers- Editors less likely to publish controversial articles Set up apress agency- Told newspapers what to write, Stopped people from writing aboutanti-Nazi subjects Even controlled newspaper stands By 1944 most newspapers were controlled by Nazis |
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How did the Nazis use films as propaganda? |
Propagandafilms given a story line Admission atcinema only allowed at the beginning- had to watch all of the pre-film adverts(Nazi propaganda) Nazi filmswere very well made Nazi filmshad a good director- Leni Riefenstahl |
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What problems faced the Nazis in terms of radio? |
Radios were expensive, so many did not own one Many radio stations were local |
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How did the Nazis solve the problems in terms of radio? |
Set up ReichRadio Company Cheap radioscalled “The People’s Receiver” produced- Cheap, so everyone could have one, Couldn’tpick up foreign frequencies Radiosplaced in town squares all over Germany Local radiowardens checked instructions were followed by local radio stations Mainlybroadcast- Hitler's speeches, German Music, German History, New flashes, kids' programmes |
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How did the Nazis use festivals and celebrations to control the population? |
Kept morale high and made people feel involved |
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What festivals and events were there? |
January, ‘Day of Seizing Power’- torch light processions February, ‘Founding of the Nazi Party’ dayMarch, War Heroes’ day April, Hitler’s birthday- Flowers for Hitler’s portraits inschools and army parades July, German culture day September, Reich party day- Week long Nuremburg rallies November, Anniversary of the Putsch- silent march through Munich |
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What were the Nuremburg Rallies? |
1 week long Highlight of the year Involved parades, speeches and displays |
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What was the Reich Chamber of Culture? |
All artists, actors, musicians and authors had to join, otherwise they could not get a job Goebbels could withdraw membership at any time |
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How were the Olympics used as propaganda? |
Showed of German skill- biggest stadium ever and Germans won the largest number of medals overall Filmed by Leni Riefenstahl to be used as propaganda even for those not present |
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When were the Olympics held in Germany? |
1936 |
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What downfalls were there to the 1936 Olympics for the Nazis? |
Jesse Owens won 4 gold medals- contradicted racial superiority theory |
