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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Increasing obesity does what to TBW%; What does Age do?
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decreases TBW%; the same thing
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what is the formula for measuring body fluid volume? What are the 3 conditions needed for this to work?
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V(B) =( V(A) * [A] )/ [B]; The indicator must only be disperse in the compartment measured. It must disperse evenly; it must not be metabolized or excreted
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What is Molarity?
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mole / L
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What is electrochemical equivalence?
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It is basically the charge of the one of the ions. So NaCl would be 1 CaCl2 would be 2
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% concentration is measured how? % weight is ...
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volume of substrance / 100 ml of solution. weight % is 1g / of 100 ml of solution
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What are the values of Na+, Cl-, K+. and HCO3-, Protein, Choleterol, glucose, urea, and creatinine in the blood?
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Na - 135-145
Cl - 95-110 K 3-5 HCO3 22-28 Protein 6-7 g/dl Cholesterol 150 mg/dl Glucose 100 mg/dl urea 15 mg/dl creatinine 1.5 mg/dl |
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What does the intracellular volumne have that the extracelluar volumne does not for the most part?
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Proteins and K+
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What is Fick's First law?
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J= PA (Ca - Cb)
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What are the things that effect the permeability coefficient -
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the diffusion coefficient - higher the higher p will be. the same thing for the is true for the oil-water parition coefficient - the higher it is the more P will be. A high K means that the substance is souble in lipids. finally if you increase the membrane thickness P will go down
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what is a formula for calculating intracellular fluid
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total body water - extracellular
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what are there substances uses to measure total body water?
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d20, h20 and antipyrine (C11H12N2O)
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what are the things used to measure extracellular fluid volume?
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22 Na, inulin, thiosulfate (thses things do not go into the cell)
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what are some things used to measure plasma volume
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125 I -albumin, 51 Cr- RBCs
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what is the formula for calculating blood volumne
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plasma volume / (1-HCT)
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plasma volume=
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blood volume x (1-HCT)
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interstitial fluid vol.
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= extracellular fluid vol - plasma vol
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what do different values of the reflection coefficient mean?
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1 - thing is impermeable
0 - highly permeable so a high reflection coefficient means that it will contribute a lot to the osomotic pressure |
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Define Osmotic pressure?
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1. the solution with the greatest concentration of solute is said to have the greater osmotic pressure
2. the pressure is actually the amount of pressure needed to prevent water from moving |
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How do you calculate osmolarity
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it is g (the number of particles per mole in solution X the concentration
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how do you calculate osmotic pressure?
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pie = g* C* reflection coefficient * RT
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osmolarity vs tonicity
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osmolarity depends on the total number of particles per liter of solution; tonicity depends on the total number of effective osmostic particles per liter of solution; to be an effective osmotic particle you have must not cross the membrane
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what happens in a hypotonic solution
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fluid goes into the cell
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what happens in a hypertonic solution?
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fluid moves out of the cell
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what is hypernatermia?
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the concentration of Na+ goes up; so you get water loss and Na+ excess
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What happens in Hyponatremia?
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the concentration of Na+ goes down, water excess and Na+ loss
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what are some causes of increased capillary pressure?
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1. increased arterial pressure
2. excess fluid retention 3. decreased arteriolar resistance 4. increased venous resistance, increased venouse pressure |
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what are some causes of decreased Capillary oncotic pressure?
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nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis, malnurtrition. basically when the protien concnetration in the blood becomes lowers.
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