Earth Space Science - 1St Nine Weeks Review

Front 1

1st Step of the Scientific Method

Back 1

Ask a Question

Front 2

2nd Step of the Scientific Method

Back 2

Research and Collect Data

Front 3

3rd Step of the Scientific Method

Back 3

Form a Hypothesis

Front 4

4th Step of the Scientific Method

Back 4

Test your Hypothesis

Front 5

5th Step of the Scientific Method

Back 5

Record and Collect Data

Front 6

6th Step of the Scientific Method

Back 6

Evaluate and Form a Conclusion

Front 7

Quantitative Observations

Back 7

Observations dealing with numbers or amounts

Front 8

Qualitative Observations

Back 8

Observations that cannot be expressed in numbers

Front 9

Classifying

Back 9

Grouping things by similarities

Front 10

Making Models

Back 10

How scientist can show complex processes

Front 11

Why are graphs important?

Back 11

Graphs allow us as scientist to organize data ina way that is easier to understand and see, such as finding trends in the data.

Front 12

What do line graphs demonstrate?

Back 12

Line graphs show us how one variable (the dependent variable)changes in response to another variable (the independent variable). Line graphsallow you to see trends in your data and make a predictions about your data.

Front 13

Scientific Law

Back 13

A fact that has been proven countless times through scientific investigation and can continued to be proven without fail.

Front 14

Independent Variable

Back 14

the one variable that is changed or manipulated in an experiment

Front 15

Dependent Variable

Back 15

the variable that changes in response to the independent variable

Front 16

Why do scientist share data?

Back 16

It allows scientist to find errors in work, as well as allowing them to follow the experiment themselves to see if the results can be repeated.

Front 17

Controlled Experiment

Back 17

A scientific experiment that contains only one independent variable

Front 18

What do scientist do if a controlled experiment is not possible?

Back 18

Scientist use observational research or opinion-based research.

Front 19

List the four main layers of the Earth in order from outside to the center.

Back 19

Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, and Inner Core

Front 20

What happens to the pressure and temperature the deeper one goes inside the Earth?

Back 20

The pressure increases and the temperature increases

Front 21

Crust (thickness)

Back 21

The thinnest layer of our Earth at about 5 km to 40 km.

Front 22

Crust (what is it?)

Back 22

Outside layer including the continental crust and the ocean floor

Front 23

Crust (composition)

Back 23

Silicon and Oxygen - it is a solid rock

Front 24

Mantle (thickness)

Back 24

Around 3,000 km

Front 25

Mantle (what is it)

Back 25

The mantle is the second layer of our Earth

Front 26

Mantle (composition)

Back 26

Very hot, solid rock that is slowly moving in convection currents

Front 27

Outer Core (thickness)

Back 27

2,258 km thick

Front 28

Outer Core (what is it)

Back 28

the third layer of our Earth

Front 29

Outer Core (composition)

Back 29

Molten metals, mostly Nickel and Iron

Front 30

Inner Core (thickness)

Back 30

radiusof 1,222 km

Front 31

Inner Core (what is it)

Back 31

The very center of our Earth - the pressure and heat are so intense that it is about as hot as our sun

Front 32

Inner Core (composition)

Back 32

dense, solid metal ball of mostly nickel and iron

Front 33

Law of Superposition

Back 33

In undisturbed, horizontal rock formations, the oldest rocks are at the bottom with each rock layer up being younger than the rock below it.

Front 34

Convection Currents

Back 34

The constantcooling and heating in a fluid, which leads to changes in density and the forceof gravity to make currents.

Front 35

Convection Currents happen in which two parts of the Earth?

Back 35

The mantle and the outer core

Front 36

Convection Currents in the outer core cause...

Back 36

Earth's magnetic field

Front 37

Convection Currents in the mantle cause...

Back 37

heat energy that affects the movement of Earth's plate tectonics

Front 38

Relative Age

Back 38

how young or old a rock is compared to other rocks

Front 39

Absolute Age

Back 39

how many years ago the rock was formed

Front 40

Extrusions are....

Back 40

when lava hardens on a rock formation. It isalways younger than all rocks below it.

Front 41

Intrusions are....

Back 41

when magma pushes into a rock formation andhardens to form a new rock. It is always younger than the rocks around it.

Front 42

Faults are...

Back 42

when theEarth’s crust breaks and forces a rock formation to move on opposite sides of afault. The fault is always younger than the rocks it cuts through.

Front 43

Extrusions, intrusions, and faults are...

Back 43

cluesto the relative age of rocks.

Front 44

Index Fossils are...

Back 44

used tofind the relative age of a rock. Index fossils are a fossil that is widelydistributed and belong to an organism that existed for only a geologically short period oftime.

Front 45

Radioactive Decay

Back 45

Some elements,known as radioactive, break down with time. When they do, the release particlesand energy.

Front 46

Radioactive Dating

Back 46

Igneous rocks have radioactive decay, which allowsscientist to date the absolute age of a rock by measuring the amount ofradioactive element in a rock versus the amount of stable element.