Dsm-V Definitions

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Delusion: bizarre

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A delusion that involves a phenomenon that the person's culture would regard as physically impossible.

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Alogia

Back 2

And impoverishment in thinking that is inferred from observing speech & language behavior. There may be brief and concrete replies to questions and restriction in the amount of spontaneous speech (termed poverty of speech). Sometimes the speech is adequate in amount but conveys little information because it is overconcrete, overabstract, repetitive, or stereotyped (termed of content).

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Affect

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Know all four terms.

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Alogia

Back 4

An impoverishment in thinking that is inferred from observing speech and language behavior. There may be brief and concrete replies to questions and restriction in the amount of spontaneous speech (termed poverty of speech). Sometimes the speech is adequate in amount but conveys little information because it is overconcrete, overabstract, repetitive, or stereotyped (termed poverty of content).

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Asociality

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A reduce initiative for interacting with other people.

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Anhedonia

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Lack of enjoyment from, engagement in, or energy for life's experiences; deficits in the capacity to feel pleasure and take interest in things. Anhedonia is a facet of the broad personality trait Detachment.

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Avolition

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An inability to initiate and persist in goal-directed activities. When severe enough to be considered pathological, avolition is persuasive and prevents the person from completing many different types of activities (work, intellectual pursuits, self-care).

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Catonic behavior

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Marked motor abnormalities including motoric immobility, certain types of excessive motor activity (purposeless agitation not influenced by external stimuli), extreme negativism (apparent motiveless resistance to instructions or attempts to be moved), or mutism, posturing, or stereotyped movements.

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Cognition

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Processes of knowing, including attending, remembering, and reasoning; also the content of the processes, such as concepts and memories.

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Aphasia

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Loss of ability to understand or express speech, caused by brain damage.

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Comorbidity

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Experience of more than one disorder at the same time.

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Conversion symptom

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A loss of, or alteration in, voluntary motor or sensory functioning, with or without apparent impairment of consciousness. The symptom is not fully explained by a neurological or another medical condition or the direct effects of a substance and is not intentionally produced or feigned.

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Defense mechanism

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Mechanisms that mediate the individual's reaction to emotional conflicts and to external stressors. Some defense mechanisms (projection, splitting, acting out) are almost invariably maladaptive. Others (suppression, denial) may be either maladaptive or adaptive, depending on their severity, their inflexibility, and the context in which they occur.

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Delusion

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A false belief based on incorrect inference about external reality that is firmly held despite what almost everyone else believes and despite what constitutes incontrovertible and obvious proof or evidence to the contrary. The belief is not ordinarily accepted by other members of the person's culture or subculture (it is not an article of religious faith). When a false belief involves a value judgment, it is regarded as a delusion only when the judgment is so extreme as to defy credibility. Delusional conviction can sometimes be inferred from an overvalued idea (in which case the individual has unreasonable belief or idea but does not hold it as firmly as is the case with a delusion).

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Delusion: bizarre

Back 15

A delusion that involves a phenomenon that the person's culture would regard as physically impossible.

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Delusion: jealousy

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A delusion that one's sexual partner is unfaithful.

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Countertransference

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Circumstances in which a psychoanalyst develops personal feelings about a client because of perceived similarity of the client to significant people in the therapist's life.

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Complusion

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Repetitive behaviors (hand washing, ordering, checking) or mental acts (praying, counting, repeating words silently) that the individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession, or according to rules that must be applied rigidly. The behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety or distress, or preventing some dreaded event or situation; however, these behaviors or mental acts are not connected in a realistic way with what they are designed to neutralize or prevent or are clearly excessive.

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Delusion: erotomanic

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A delusion that another person, usually of higher status, is in love with individual.

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Delusion: of being controlled

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A delusion in which feelings, impulses, thoughts, or actions are experienced as being under the control of some external force rather than being under one's own control.

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Delusion: of reference

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A delusion in which events, objects, or other persons in one's immediate environment are seen as having a particular and unusual significance. These delusions are usually of a negative or pejorative nature but also maybe grandiose in content. A delusion of reference differs from an idea of reference, in which the false belief is not as firmly held nor as fully organized into a true belief.

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Delusion: persecutory

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A delusion in which the central theme is that one (or someone to whom one is close) is being attacked, harassed, cheated, persecuted, or conspired against.

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Delusion: thought broadcasting

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A delusion that one's thoughts are being broadcast out loud so that they can be perceived by others.

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Delusion: thought insertion

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A delusion that certain of one's thoughts are not one's own, but rather are inserted into one's mind.

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Delusion: somatic

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A delusion whose main content pertains to the appearance or functioning of one's body.

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Delusion: grandiose

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A delusion of inflated worth, power, knowledge, identity, or special relationship to a deity or famous person.

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Depersonalization

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The experience of feeling detached from, and as if one is on the outside observer of, one's mental processes, body, or actions (feeling like one is in a dream; a sense of unreality of self, perceptual alterations; emotional and/or physical numbing ; temporal distortions; sense of unreality).

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Dissociation

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The splitting off of clusters of mental contents from conscious awareness. Disassociation as a mechanism central to dissociative disorders. The term is also used to describe the separation of an idea from its emotional significance and effect, as seen in the inappropriate affect of schizophrenia. Often a result of psychic trauma, dissociation may allow the individual to maintain allegiance to two contradictory truths while remaining unconscious of the contradiction. An extreme manifestation of disassociation is dissociative identity disorder, in which a person may exhibit several independent personalities, each wear of the others.

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Dyskinesia

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Distortion of voluntary movement with involuntary muscle activity.

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Emotional lability

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Instability of emotional experiences and mood; emotions that are easily aroused, intense, and or out of proportion to events and circumstances. Emotional lability is a facet of the broad personality trait domain negative affectivity.

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Grandiosity

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Believing that one is superior to others and deserve special treatment; self centeredness; feelings of entitlement; condescension toward others. Grandiosity is a facet of the broad personality trait domain antagonism.

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Hallucinations- auditory

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A hallucination involving the perception of sound, most commonly a voice.

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Flight of ideas

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A nearly continuous flow of accelerated speech with abrupt changes from topic to topic that are usually based on understanding associations, distracting stimuli, or play on words. When the condition is severe, speech maybe disorganized and incoherent.

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Derealization

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The experience of feeling detached from, and as if one is an outside observer of, one's surroundings ( individuals are objects are experienced as unreal, dreamlike, foggy, lifeless, or a visually distorted).

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Hallucinations- gustatory

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A hallucination involving the perception of taste (usually unpleasant).

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Hallucinations - somatic

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A hallucination involving the perception of physical experience localized within the body (a feeling of electricity). A somatic Hallucination is to be distinguished from physical Sensations arising from as-a-yet-undiagnosed general medical condition, from hypochondriacal preoccupation with normal physical sensations, or from a tactile hallucination.

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Hallucinations--olfactory

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A hallucination involving the perception of odor, such as of burning rubber or decaying fish.

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Hallucinations - tactile

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A hallucination involving the perception of being touched or of something being under one skin. The most common tactile hallucinations are the sensation of electric shocks and formication (the sensation of something creeping or crawling on or under the skin.)

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Hallucinations - visual

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A hallucination involving site, which may consist of form images, such as of people, or of unformed images, such as flashes of light. Visual hallucinations should be distinguished from Illusions, which are misperceptions of real external stimuli.

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Magical thinking

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The erroneous belief that one's thoughts, words, or actions will cause or prevent a specific outcome in some way that defies commonly understood laws of cause and effect. Magical thinking maybe part of the normal child development.

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Ideas of references

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The feeling that casual incidents and external events have a particular and unusual meeting that is specific to the person. And idea of reference is to be distinguished from a delusion of reference, in which there is a belief that is held with delusional conviction.

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Mood- dysphoric

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And unpleasant mood, such as sadness, anxiety, or irritability

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Mood- elevated

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An exaggerated feeling of well-being, or Euphoria relation. Person with elevated mood may describe "Feeling High" "estatic" "on top of the world" or "up in the clouds"

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Mood- expansive

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Lack of restraint in expressing one's feelings, frequently with an overvaluation of one's significance or importance.

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Obsession

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Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experienced, at some time during the disturbance, as intrusive and unwanted and that in most individuals cause markings iety or distress. The individual attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts, urges or images, or to neutralize them with some other thought or action (performing a compulsion)

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Negative affectivity

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Frequent and intense experiences of high levels of a wide range of negative emotions (anxiety, depression, guilt/shame, worry, anger), and their Behavioral (self harm) and interpersonal (dependency) manifestations. Negative affectivity is one of the five pathological personality trait domains defined in Section 3 "alternative dsm5 model for personality disorders"

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Mood- euthymic

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Mood in the normal range, which implies the absence of depressed or elevated mood.

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Mood- expansive

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Lack of restraint in expressing one's feelings, frequently with an overvaluation of one's significance or importance.

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Overvalued idea

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An unreasonable and sustained belief that is maintained with less than delusional intensity (the person is able to acknowledge the possibility that the belief may not be true). The belief is not one that is ordinary accepted by other members of the person's culture or subculture.

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Pathology

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The study of disease processes

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Perception

Back 51

The processes that organize information in the sensory image and interpret it as having been produced by properties of objects or events in the external, three dimensional world.

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Preservation

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Persistence at tasks or in particular way of doing things long after the behavior has ceased to be functional or effective; continuance of the same behavior despite repeated failures or clear reasons for stopping. Preservation is a facet of the broad personality trait negative affectivity.

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Personality

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Enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about environment and oneself. Personality traits are prominent aspects of Personality that are exhibited tit in relatively consistent ways across time and across situations. Personality traits influence self and interpersonal functioning. Depending on the severity, impairments in personality functioning in personality trait expression May reflect the presence of a personality disorder.

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Phobia

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A persistent fear of a specific object, activity, or situation (the phobic stimulus) out of proportion to the actual danger posed by the specific object or situation that results in a compelling desire to avoid it. If it cannot be avoided, the phobic stimulus is endured with marked distress.

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Pressured speech

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Speech that is increased in amount, accelerated, and difficult or impossible to interrupt. Usually it is loud and emphatic. Frequently the person talks without any social stimulation and may continue to talk even though no one is.

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Psychoticism

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Exhibiting a wide range of culturally incongruent odd, eccentric, or unusual behaviors and cognitions, including both process (perception, dissociation) and content (beliefs). Psychoticism is one of the five broad personality trait domains defined in Section 3. "alternative DSM5 model for personality disorders.

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Racing thoughts

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A state in which the mind uncontrollably brings up random thoughts and memories and switches between them very quickly. Sometimes the thoughts are related, with one thought leading to another; other times they are completely random. A person experiencing an episode of racing thoughts has no control over them and is unable to focus on a single topic or to sleep.

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Schema

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General conceptual Frameworks, or clusters of knowledge, regarding objects, people and situations; knowledge packages that encode generalizations about the structure of the environment.

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Stereotyped behaviors/movement

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Repetitive, abnormally frequent, non-goal-directed movements, seemingly driven, and non-functional motor behavior (hand shaking or waving, body rocking, head-banging, self biting).

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Stupor

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Lack of psychomotor activity, which may range from not actively relating to the environment to complete immobility.

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Tic

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An involuntary, sudden, rapid, recurrent, non-rhythmic motor movement or vocalization.

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Transference

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The process by which a person in psychoanalysis attaches to a therapist feelings formerly held toward some significant person who figured in a past emotional conflict.