Dsm 5 Study Flaschcards

Front 1

Language Disorder p.42 A

Back 1

A. Persistent difficulties in the acquisition and use of language across modalities (i.e., spoken, written, sign language, or other) due to deficits in comprehension or production that include the following:
1. Reduced vocabulary (word knowledge and use).
2. Limited sentence structure (ability to put words in working together to one's sentences based on the rules of grammar and morphology)
3. Impairments and discourse (ability to use vocabulary Sentences to explain or describe a topic or series of events or have a conversation).

Front 2

Language Disorder p. 42 B.

Back 2

B. language abilities are substantially in quantifiably below those expected for age, result in functional limitations ineffective communication, social participation, academic achievement, or occupational performance, individually or in any combination.

Front 3

Language Disorder p. 42 C & D

Back 3

C. onset of symptoms is in the early developmental period.
D. The difficulties are not attributable to hearing or other sensory impairments, motor dysfunction, or other medical or neurological condition and are not better explained by intellectual disability (intellectual development disorder) or global developmental delay.

Front 4

Language Disorder p. 42 1

Back 4

The core diagnostic features of language disorder are difficulties in the acquisition and use of language due to deficits in the comprehension or production of vocabulary, sentence structure, a discourse. The language deficits are evident in open communication, written communication, or sign language.

Front 5

Language Disorder p.42 2

Back 5

Language skills need to be assessed in both expressive and receptive modalities as they may differ in severity. The child's first were in price are likely to be laid in onset. Sentences are shorter and less complex. A positive family history of language disorder is often present.

Front 6

Language Disorder p.42 3

Back 6

Language disorder, particularly expressive deficits, may co-occur with speech sound disorder. Children wit receptive language impairments have a poorer prognosis than those with predominantly expressive impairments. They are more resistant to treatment, and difficulties with reading comprehension are frequently seen.

Front 7

Speech Sound Disorder p. 44 A & B

Back 7

A. Persistent difficulty with speech sound production that interferes with speech intelligibility or prevents verbal communication of messages.
B. The disturbance causes limitations in effective communication that interfere with social participation, academic achievement, or occupational performance, individually or in any combination.

Front 8

Speech Sound Disorder p. 44 C & D

Back 8

C. Onset of symptoms in the early developmental period.
D. The difficulties are not attributable to congenital or acquired conditions, such as cerebral palsy, cleft palate, deafness or hearing loss, traumatic brain injury, or other medical or neurological conditions.

Front 9

Speech Sound Disorder p. 44 1

Back 9

Speech sound production describers the clear articulation of the phonemes. Speech sound production requires both the phonological knowledge of speech sounds and the ability to coordinate the movements of the articulator (the jaw, tongue and lips) with breathing and vocalizing the speech.

Front 10

Speech Sound Disorder p. 44 2

Back 10

Language disorder, particularly expressive deficits, may be found to co-occur with speech sound disorder. A positive family history of speech or language disorders is often present.

Front 11

Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) p. 45 A1

Back 11

A. Disturbances in the normal fluency and time pattering of speech that are inappropriate for the individual's age and language skills, persist over time, and are characterized by frequent and marked occurrences of one or more of the following.

Front 12

Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) p. 45 A2

Back 12

1. Sound and syllable repetitions.
2. Sound prolongations of consonants as well as vowels.
3. Broken words (e.g. pauses within a word)
4. Audible or silent blocking (filled or unfilled pauses in speech ).

Front 13

Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) p. 45 A3

Back 13

5. Circumlocutions (word substitutions to avoid problematic words).
6. Words produced with an excess of physical tension.
7. Monosyllabic whole-word repetitions.

Front 14

Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) p. 45 B

Back 14

B. The disturbance causes anxiety about speaking or limitations in effective communication, social participation, or academic or occupational performance, individu8ally or in any combination.

Front 15

Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) p. 45 C.

Back 15

C. The onset of symptoms is in the early developmental period.
D. The disturbance is not attributable to a speech motor or sensory deficit, Disfluency as associated with neurological insult (stroke, tumor, trauma) or another medical condition and is not better explained by another mental disorder.

Front 16

Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) p. 45 1

Back 16

Can be accompanied by motor movements (hyperlinks, six, tremors of the lips or phase, jerking of the head, breathing movements, fist clenching). Children with fluency disorder show a range of language abilities in the relationship between fluency disorder in language abilities is unclear.

Front 17

Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) p. 45 2

Back 17

Occurs by age 6. For about 80%-90% of affected individuals, with a Onset ranging from 2 to 7 years.

Can be sudden

Front 18

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder p.47 A1

Back 18

A. persistent difficulties in the social use of verbal and nonverbal communication as manifested by all of the following:

Front 19

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder p.47 A2

Back 19

1. Deficit in use the communication for social purposes, such as greeting and sharing information, in a manner that is appropriate for the social context.

Front 20

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder p.47 A3

Back 20

2. Impairment of the ability to change communication to match context or the needs of the listener, such as speaking difficulty in a classroom been on a playground, talking differently to a child into an adult, and importing use of overly formal language.

Front 21

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder p.47 A4

Back 21

3. Difficulties following rules for conversation and storytelling, sexist taking turns the conversation, rehearsing when misunderstood, and knowing how to use verbal and nonverbal signals to regulate interaction.

Front 22

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder p.47 A4

Back 22

4. Difficulties understanding what is not explicitly stated (making inferences) and nonliteral or ambiguous meaning of language (idioms, humor, metaphors, multiple meanings that could get on the context for interpretation)

Front 23

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder p.47 B

Back 23

B. the deficits result in functional limitation ineffective communication, social participation, social relationships, academic achievements, or occupational performance, individually or in combination.

Front 24

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder p.47 C

Back 24

C. the onset of symptoms is in the early development of. (But deficits may not become fully manifested until social communication demands is the limited capacities.)

Front 25

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder p.47 D

Back 25

D. the symptoms are not attributed to another medical or neurological condition or to low abilities in the domains of were structure and grammar, and are not better explained by autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, global development delay, or another mental disorder.

Front 26

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder p.47 1

Back 26

A common feature is language impairment which is characterized by a history of delay in reaching language milestones, could have structural language problems for example language disorders. Individuals could have ADHD, behavioral problems, and specific learning disorders.

Front 27

Autism Spectrum Disorder A.

Back 27

A. Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity.
Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interactions.
Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships.

Front 28

Autism Spectrum Disorder A.

Back 28

Must specify severity -
Level 3 Requiring very substantial support
Level 2 Requiring substantial support
Level 1 Requiring Support

Front 29

Autism Spectrum Disorder B.

Back 29

Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavioral, interests, or activities, as manifested at least two of the following, currently or by history:

1. Stereotype or repetitive motor movements, use of objects, or speech (for example, simple motor stereotypies, lining up toys or flipping objects)

2. Insistent on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behavior (extreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking patterns, greeting rituals, need to take same route or the same food every day.

3. Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal intensity or focus (strong attachments to or preoccupation with unusual objects, excessively circumscribed or preservative interests.

4. Hper or hyporactivity to sensory input or unusual interest in sensory aspects of the environment (apparent indifference to pain/temperature, adverse response to specific sounds or textures, excessive smelling or touching of objects, visual fascination with lights or movements.)

Front 30

Autism Spectrum Disorder C D E

Back 30

C. Symptoms must be present in the early developmental.

D. Symptoms cause clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of current functioning.

E. These disturbances are not better explained by intellectual disabilities or global developmental delay. Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder frequently co-occur; to make comorbid diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability, social communication should be below that expected for general developmental level.

Front 31

Autism Spectrum Disorder 1

Back 31

Must specify if:
With or without accompanying intellectual impairment
With or without accompanying language impairment
Associated with a known medical or genetic condition or environmental factor
Associated with another neurodevelopmental, mental, or behavioral disorder.

Front 32

Autism Spectrum Disorder 2

Back 32

An early feature of autism spectrum disorder is impaired joint attention as manifested by lack of pointing, showing, or religion are just to share interests with others, or barrier to follow someone’s pointing or eye gaze. They also fail to use expressive gestures spontaneously and communication.

Front 33

Autism Spectrum Disorder 3

Back 33

The age and pattern of onset also should be noted for autism spectrum disorder. Symptoms are usually recognizable by the second year of life between 12 and 24 months of age. This could be seeing earlier than 12 months of age is developmental delays are severe. Clinician should note information about early developmental delays or any losses of social or language skills. Parents may give a picture of gradual loss of skills or rapid deterioration of skills and social behaviors or language skills.

Front 34

Specific Learning Disorder

Back 34

Must have at least one of the symptoms in Criteria A and the symptoms should be present for at least 6 months, despite the provisions of interventions that target those difficulties

Front 35

Specific Learning Disorder

Back 35

All four criteria are to be met based on a clinical synthesis of the individual’s history (developmental, medical, family, educational), school reports, and psychoeducational assessment.

Front 36

Specific Learning Disorder

Back 36

Must specify Impairment:
With impairment of reading
With impairment in written expression
With impairment in mathematics

Front 37

Specific Learning Disorder

Back 37

Must specify severity:
Mild – Some difficulties learning skills in one or two academic domains, but of mild enough severity that the individual may be able to compensate or function well when provided with appropriate accommodations or support services, especially during the school years.

Moderate- Marked difficulties learning skills in one or more academic domains, so that the individual is unlikely to become proficient without some intervals of intensive and specialized teaching during the school year. Some accommodations or supportive services at least paort of the day at school, in the workplace, or at home may be needed to complete activities accurately and efficiently.

Severe- Severe difficulties learning skills, affecting several academic domains, so that the individual is unlikely to learn those skills without ongoing intensive individualized and specialized teaching for most of the school years.

Front 38

Specific Learning Disorder

Back 38

The learning difficulties are persistent, not transitory. In children and adolescents, persistence is defined as restricted progress in learning (no evidence that the individual is catching up with classmates) for at least six months despite the provisions of extra help at home and school.

Front 39

Specific Learning Disorder

Back 39

Specific learning disability, are not attributed to intellectual disabilities, global developmental delay, hearing or visual disorders, or neurological or motor disorders/

Front 40

Specific Learning Disorder

Back 40

Specific learning disorder affects learning individuals who otherwise demonstrated normal level of intellectual functioning (generally estimated five IQ scores greater than 70 with a give-and-take of five point of allowing for measurement error) the phrase unexpected academic underachievement is often cited as the defining characteristic of specific learning disorders and that the specific learning disabilities are not part of a more general learning difficulty as manifested in intellectual disability or global developmental delay.

Front 41

Developmental Coordination Disorder

Back 41

A. the acquisition and execution of coordinating motor skills is substantially below that expected given the individual chronological age and opportunity for skill learning and use. Difficulties are manifested as clumsiness (dropping of bumping into objects) as well as slowness and accuracy of performance of motor skills (catching an object, using scissors or cutlery, handwashing, riding a bike, or participate in sports)

Front 42

Developmental Coordination Disorder

Back 42

B. the motor skills deficit in criteria a significantly and persistently interviews for activities of daily living appropriate to chronological age (self-care and self maintenance) and impact academic/school productivity, prevocational and vocational activities, leisure, and play.

Front 43

Developmental Coordination Disorder

Back 43

C. onset of symptoms is in the early developmental period.

D. the motor skills deficits are not better explained by intellectual disability or visual impairments and are not attributable to a neurological condition affecting movement (cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, degenerative disorder)

Front 44

Developmental Coordination Disorder

Back 44

Developmental coordination disorder diagnosis is given based on the individual’s history of developmental and medical, physical examination, school or work report an individual assessment using pychometricaly sound and culturally appropriate standardized tests.

Onset is in early childhood.

Front 45

Sterotypic Movement Disorder

Back 45

A. repetitive, seemingly driven, and apparently purposeless motor behavior (handshaking or waving, body rocking, headbanging, self biting, hitting own body).

B. the repetitive motor behavior interferes with social, academic, or other activities and may result in self injury.

C. onset is in the early developmental period.

D. the repetitive motor behavior is not attributable to the psychological effects of a substance or neurological condition that is not better explained by another neurodevelopmental or mental disorder (trichotillomania [hair/pulling disorder], obsessive-compulsive disorder).

Front 46

Sterotypic Movement Disorder

Back 46

Specify if:
with self injurious behavior
without self injurious behavior

Specify if:
associated with a no medical or genetic condition, neural mental disorder, or environmental factor.

Front 47

Sterotypic Movement Disorder

Back 47

Specify severity:
Mild - something that usually suppressed by sensory stimulus or distraction.
Moderate - symptoms you require explicit protective measures and behavioral modification.
Severe - continuous monitoring and protective measures are required to prevent serious injury.

Front 48

Sterotypic Movement Disorder

Back 48

For stereotypic movement disorder is associated with a no medical or genetic condition, neurodevelopmental disorder, or environmental factor, record stereotypic movement disorder associated with (name of condition, disorder, or factor) (for example stereotypic movement disorder associated with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

Front 49

Sterotypic Movement Disorder

Back 49

When autism spectrum disorder is present, stereotypic movement disorder is diagnosed only when there is a self injury or when the stereotypic behavior are sufficiently severe to become a focus of treatment.

Stereotyped these are more fixed, rhythmic, and prolonged in duration than tics, which, generally are brief, rapid, random, and fluctuating. They are both reduced by distraction.

Front 50

Tic Disorder

Back 50

Movement that is a sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic motor movement or vocalization.

Front 51

Tourette’s Disorder

Back 51

A. both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics have been present at some time during the illness, although not necessarily concurrently.

B. the text may wax and wane in frequency but have persisted for more than one year since the first tape onset.

C. onset is before age 18 years.

D. the disturbance is not attributable to the physiological of the act of a substance or another medical condition.

Front 52

Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder

Back 52

A. single or multiple motor vocal tics have been present during the illness, but not both motor and vocal

B. the fix may wax and wane in frequency but have persisted for more than one year since the first tape onset.

C. onset is before age 18 years.

D. the disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance.

E. criteria have not been met for Tourette’s disorder.

Front 53

Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder

Back 53

Specify if:
with motor tics only
with vocal tics only

Front 54

Provisional Tic Disorder

Back 54

A. single or multiple motor and/or vocal tics

B. the kids have been present for less than one year since the first tape onset.

C. onset is before age 18 years

D. the disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance.

Front 55

Provisional Tic Disorder

Back 55

Criteria have not been met for Tourette’s disorder persistent chronic motor or vocal Tic disorder.

eye blinking inquiry the road are common across patient populations.

These are generally experiences in voluntary but can be voluntary suppressed for varying lengths of time.

Front 56

Tics can be considered simple or complex.

Back 56

Simple motor tics are of short duration and Can include eye blinking, shoulder shrugging, an extension of the hand extremity. Simple vocal tics include reliquary, sniffling, and currency often caused by contraction of the diaphragm or muscles of the oropharynx.

Front 57

Tics can be considered simple or complex.

Back 57

Complex motor tics are of longer duration and often include a combination of simple six that as simultaneously his attorney in shoulder shrugging. Complex tics can appear purposeful, such as a tic like sexual or obscene gesture. Similarly, complex vocal tics include repeating one’s own sound or words, repeating the last heard word or phrase, or other and socially unacceptable words, including obscenities or other ethnic, racial or religious slurs. It like a sharp bark.

Front 58

Schizophrenia Spectrum and
Other Psychotic Disorders

Back 58

Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders including schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders, schizotpal (personality) disorder. They are defined by abnormalities in one or more of the following five domains:
Delusions
Hallucinations
Disorganized thinking (speech)
Grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behavior (including catatonia)
Negative symptoms

Front 59

Schizophrenia Spectrum and
Other Psychotic Disorders
Delusions

Back 59

Delusions of disbelief that are not amenable to change the life of complete the evidence.

Persecutory delusions (belief that one is going to be harmed, arrest, and is so poor by individual, organization, or other group) are most common.

Referential Delusions (belief that certain gestures, comments, environmental cues, and so forth are directed to oneself) are also common.

Grandiose delusions (we individual believes that he or she has exceptional abilities, wealth, or fame)

Erotomanic Delusions (with individual believes falsely that another person is in love with him on her)

Nihilistic Delusions involve the conviction that a major catastrophe will happen

Somatic Delusions focus on preoccupations regarding health and working function

Front 60

Schizophrenia Spectrum and
Other Psychotic Disorders
Hallucinations

Back 60

Hallucinations are perception-like experiences that occur without and external stimulus

Front 61

Schizophrenia Spectrum and
Other Psychotic Disorders
Negative Symptoms

Back 61

Negative Symptoms account for substantial portion of the morbidity associated with schizophrenia but are less prominent in other psychotic disorders.

Front 62

Schizophrenia Spectrum and
Other Psychotic Disorders
Negative Symptoms

Back 62

Two negative symptoms are particularly prominent in schizophrenia:

Diminishment of emotional expression) includes reduction in the expression of emotion in the base, eye contact, intonation of speech (prosody), and movement of the hands, head, and face that normally gives an emotional emphasis to speech.

Avolition is a decrease in motivated self initiated purposeful activities. The individual may sit for long periods of time and show little interest in participating in work or social activities.

Front 63

Delusional Disorder

Back 63

A. the presence of one or more delusions with a duration of one month or longer.

B. criteria a per schizophrenia has never been met
Note: hallucinations, if present, are not prominent and are related to the delusional them. (e.g. the sensation of being infested with insects associated with delusions of infestation).

C. apart from the impact of the delusions or its ramifications, functioning is not markedly impaired, and behavior is not obviously bizarre or odd.

D. if manic or major depressive episodes have occurred, these have been brief relative to the duration of the delusional periods.

E. the disturbance is not attributable to thephysiological of effects of a substance or another medical condition and is not better explained by another mental disorder, such as body dysmorphic disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Front 64

Delusional Disorder

Back 64

Specify Type:
Erotomanic type: this subtitle applies when the central theme of the delusion is that another person is in love with the individual.

Grandiose type:
this subtitle applies for the sake of the other delusion is the conviction of having some great but unrecognizable talent or insight or having made some important discovery.

Jealous Type:
this subtitle applies when the central theme of the individual delusion is that his or her spouse or lover is unfaithful.

Persecutory Type:
this subtype applies when the central the other delusion involves the individual’s belief that he or she is the conspired against, cheated, spy one, followed, with an or drug, maliciously maligned, harassed, or constructed in the pursuit of long-term goals.

Somatic type: this subtype applies in the central theme of the delusions involve bodily functions or sensations

Mixed Type:
this subtype applies when no one delusional theme predominates

Unspecifed type:
this subtype applies with the dominant delusional belief cannot be clearly determined or is not described in specific types

Front 65

Delusional Disorder

Back 65

Specify if:
With bizarre content

Specify if:
the following core specifiers are only to be used after a one-year duration of the disorder:

Front 66

Delusional Disorder

Back 66

First episode, currently in acute episode –
first manifestation of the disorder meeting the defining diagnostic symptom and time criteria. An acute episode is a time period In which the symptom criteria are fulfilled.

First episode, currently in partial remission –
partial remission is a time period during which an improvement after a previous episode is maintained and in which the defining criteria of the disorder are only partially fulfilled.

First episode, currently in full remission –
Full remission is a period of time after a previous episode during which no disorder-specific symptoms are present.

Multiple episodes, currently in acute episode
Multiple episodes, currently in partial remission
Multiple episodes, currently in full remission

Specify currently severity.

Front 67

Delusional Disorder

Back 67

Individuals with delusional disorder may be able to factually describe that others view their belief as irrational but are unable to accept this themselves. (There may be the factual insight but not true insight).

A portion of individuals do go on to develop schizophrenia.

Delusional disorder has a significant familial relationship with both schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder.

Delusional disorder can occur in younger individuals but is more common in older individuals.

Front 68

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Back 68

A presence of one or more of the following symptoms. At least one of these must be 1, 2, or 3:
1. Delusions.
2. Hallucinations.
3. Disorganized speech (frequent derailment or incoherence)
4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.

Note: do not include a symptom if it is a culturally sanctioned response

Front 69

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Back 69

B. duration of the episode of the disturbance is at least one day the less than one month, with eventually will return to premorbid level of functioning.

C. the disturbance is not better explained by major depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features or another psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia or catatonia, and is not attributable to the psysiological logical effects of a substance, or another medical condition.

Front 70

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Back 70

Specify if:
With marked stressor(s) (brief reactive psychosis): is sometimes occur in response to events that, singly or together, would be markedly stressful to almost anyone in similar circumstances in the individual’s culture.

Without marked stressor(s): this is do not occur in response to events that singly or together, would be markedly stress out to almost anyone in similar circumstances in the individual’s culture.

With postpartum onset: if that is during pregnancy or within four weeks postpartum

Front 71

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Back 71

Specify if:
With catatonia (referred to the criteria for catatonia associated with another mental disorder).

Specify current severity:

Front 72

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Back 72

An individual with brief psychotic disorder typically experience emotional turmoil or overwhelming confusion.

There appears to be an increased risk of suicidal behavior, particularly during the acute episode.

Brief psychotic disorder may appear in adolescence or early adulthood, and onset can occur across the lifespan, with the average age at onset being the mid 30s.

Front 73

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Back 73

By definition, a diagnosis of brief psychotic disorder requires full remission of all symptoms an eventual full return to the premorbid level of functioning within 1 month of the onset of the disturbance. In some individuals, the duration of psychotic symptoms may be quiet brief (few days).

Front 74

Schizophreniform Disorder

Back 74

A. Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated). At least one of these must be must be 1, 2, or 2:
1. Delusions.
2. Hallucinations.
3. Disorganized speech (frequent derailment or incoherence)
4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.
5. negative symptoms (diminished emotional expression or avolition)

B. An episode of the disorder last at least 1 month but less than 6 months. When the diagnosis must be made without waiting for recovery, it should be qualified as “provisional.”

C. Schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features have been ruled out because either
1) no major depressive or manic episodes have occurred concurrently with the active-phase symptoms or
2) if mood episodes have occurred during active-phase symptoms, they have been present for a minority of the total duration of the active and residual periods of the illness.

D. The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition.

Front 75

Schizophreniform Disorder

Back 75

Specify if:
With good prognostic features: This specifier requires the presence of at least two of the following features: onset of prominent psychotic symptoms within 4 weeks of the first noticeable change in usual behavior or functioning; confusion or perplexity; good premorbid social and occupational functioning; and absence of blunted or flat affect.

Without good prognostic features: This specifier is applied it two or more of the avove features have not been present.

Specify if:
With catatonia

Specify current severity:

Front 76

Schizophreniform Disorder

Back 76

Same exact symptoms as schizophrena, duration is different: Schizophreniform Disorder is active from 1-6 months.