Dr. Carters Anatomy Class Joints Of The Shoulder, Elbow And The Wrist

Front 1

What is the function of the sternoclavicular joint?

Back 1

To prevent medial displacement of the clavicle

Front 2

The articular disc is attached where?

Back 2

To the clavicle superiorly and the first costal cartilage inferiorly

Front 3

The anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments strengthen what?

Back 3

the sternoclavicular joint and are attached to the margins of the disc

Front 4

The coracoclavicular ligament attaches where?

Back 4

attaches the coracoid process of scapula with the distal 1/4 of clavicle

Front 5

What are the functions of the coraclavicular ligament?

Back 5

1. Prevents scapula from being driven medially
2. Prevents the acromion from being driven inferior to the clavicle
3. Suspends scapula on the posterior thoracic wall

Front 6

The acromionclavicular joint articulates between what?

Back 6

between the medial border of the acromion with the lateral border of the clavicle.

Front 7

What does the acromionclavicular joint contain?

Back 7

small articular disc with the entire joint surrounded by a strong collagenous fibers

Front 8

What are the functions of the acromionclavicular joint?

Back 8

1. Permits vertical movement of the scapula on the thoracic wall when the pectoral girdle rises and falls
2. Permits anterior and posterior movement of the scapula on the clavicle
3. Permits upward rotation of the scapula whenever arm is abducted

Front 9

What comprises the Glenohumeral joint?

Back 9

1. Head of humerus (1/3 of a sphere) is the ball
2. glenoid cavity of the scapula is the socket
3. Glenoid labrum (fibrocartilage) surrounds rim of the socket, thereby deepening the socket and making a soft elastic cushion for the humerus

Front 10

What movements can be performed at the glenohumeral joint?

Back 10

1.flexion and extension
2. Abduction and adduction
3. Medial and lateral rotation
4. Circumduction-combination of all the movements

Front 11

The fibrous capsule of the shoulder is what?

Back 11

is very loose, allowing a wide rage of motion

Front 12

In the adducted position, the capsule tightens superiorly due to what?

Back 12

due to the presence of the coracohumeral ligament preventing downward displacement of the humerus

Front 13

What are the contents of the glenohumeral cavity?

Back 13

1. Tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii, which is located in the intertubercular sulcus
2. Transverse humeral ligament retains the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii in this sulcus

Front 14

What does the coracoacromial arch consist of?

Back 14

The coracoid process
the coracoacromial ligament
acromion

Front 15

What does the coracoacromial arch form?

Back 15

A secondary socket for the head of the humerus, preventing its upward displacement

Front 16

What sensory nerves supply the glenohumeral joint?

Back 16

The suprascapular, axillary and the lateral pectoral nerves (C5-C6)

Front 17

What type of articulation is the elbow joint?

Back 17

Ginglymus or a hinge joint

Front 18

What parts make up the elbow joint?

Back 18

1. Humeroulnar joint-between the trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus
2. Humeroradial joint-between the upper end of the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus
3. Proximal radioulnar joint-between the periphery of the head of the radius with the radial notch of the ulna and with the annular ligament, which is attached to the radial notch of the ulna

Front 19

The fibrous capsule of the elbow is attached to the humerus where?

Back 19

to the humerus anteriorly above the radial and coronoid fossae and posteriorly above the olecranon fossa
distally the membrane is attached to the margins of the trochlear notch and annular ligament

Front 20

The synovial membrane of the elbow joint is attached where?

Back 20

along the edges of the articular surfaces

Front 21

What ligaments make up the elbow joint?

Back 21

1. Radial collateral ligament
2. Ulnar collateral ligament
3. Annular ligament

Front 22

Talk to me goose about the radial collateral ligament!

Back 22

It arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and fans out to attach to the annular ligament

Front 23

Tell me more about the ulnar collateral ligament?

Back 23

arises from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and attaches inferiorly to the medial edge of the trochlear notch

Front 24

Rumplestilskins! Rumplestilskins! Tell me what this annular ligament is about!

Back 24

a band that forms 4/5s of a circle, the remainder being formed by the radial notch, to the edges of which this ligament is attached. The radial collateral ligament also helps hold this ligament in place. In some children displacement (dislocation) of the head of the radius occurs without tearing the ligament. This is though to be due to poor development of the head of the radius

Front 25

Where does the elbow joint recieve arterial blood supply from?

Back 25

the vessels contributing to the collateral circulation around the elbow

Front 26

Where are the nerves of the elbow joint derived from?

Back 26

From all 4 nerves that cross this joint which are
1. musculocutaneous
2. radial
3. median
4. ulnar nerve

Front 27

Most dislocations of the elbow joint occur where?

Back 27

posteriorly due to the olecrannon process not being to come anteriorly without getting broken

Front 28

What elbow joint nerve is frequently injured by a posterior dislocation?

Back 28

Ulnar nerve

Front 29

What elbow joint bone can become dislocated anteriorly?

Back 29

The radius

Front 30

What structures are in direct contact with the anterior surface of the joint capsule?

Back 30

1. Brachialis muscle
2. radial nerve

Front 31

The wrist area consists of how many bones?

Back 31

8 carpal bones
two rows of 4 bones each

Front 32

How many sets of articulations are there in the wrist?

Back 32

radiocarpal
intercarpal
midcarpal articulations

Front 33

What types of movement is allowed in the radiocarpal, intercarpal and midcarpal joints?

Back 33

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction

Front 34

How do the movements at the wrist differ from those of the shoulder?

Back 34

there is no axial rotation at the wrist

Front 35

The proximal row of the carpal bones are what?

Back 35

from radius to ulna
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum and pisiform

Front 36

Where does the pisiform lay?

Back 36

Anterior to the triquetrum and articulates with it

Front 37

The scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum form a common articular surface which is what?

Back 37

A convex ovoid that allows all movements of the wrist

Front 38

What carpal bones make up the distal row?

Back 38

From radial to ulnar
1. Trapezium
2. Trapezoid
3. Capitate
4. Hamate

Front 39

The capitate is what?

Back 39

The largest and centrally located such that the other bones are organized around it

Front 40

The trapezium has what kind of shaped articular surface?

Back 40

saddle-shaped articular surface for articulation with the first metacarpal, increasing its mobility

Front 41

The second metacarpal articulates with what?

Back 41

The Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate

Front 42

The third metacarpal articulates with what?

Back 42

the capitate

Front 43

The fourth metacarpal articulates with what?

Back 43

The capitate and the hamate

Front 44

The fifth metacarpal articulates with what?

Back 44

Hamate

Front 45

The sides of the bases of what articulate with what?

Back 45

the bases of metacarpals 2-5 with each other

Front 46

The radiocarpal joint has an articular capsule lined with what?

Back 46

with a synovial membrane

Front 47

Joint stability of the wrist is provided by what?

Back 47

The joint capsule and five named ligaments

Front 48

The dorsum of the carpal bones are what?

Back 48

arched transversly, thereby presenting a convex surface

Front 49

The palmar surface of the carpal bones are what?

Back 49

arched transversly, presenting a concave surface. These arches are maintained by the flexor retinaculum

Front 50

The midcarpal joint is located where?

Back 50

between the proximal and distal rows of the carpal bones

Front 51

The mid-carpal joint (transverse carpal) is located where?

Back 51

located between the proximal and distal rows of the carpal bones

Front 52

What are the two ligaments of the carpal bones?

Back 52

Interosseus ligaments
Dorsal and palmar carpal ligaments

Front 53

Where are the interosseus ligaments located?

Back 53

between the individual carpal joints

Front 54

Where are the dorsal and palmar carpal ligaments located?

Back 54

seen on the respective surfaces of the carpal bones

Front 55

What blood supplies the wrist?

Back 55

1. Dorsal carpal arterial arch-from the radial artery
2. Palmar carpal arterial arch-from the radial and the ulnar arteries

Front 56

What nerves supply the wrist?

Back 56

Sensory nerves are derived from
1. anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve
2. posterior interosseous branch of the radial nerve
3. the dorsal and deep branches of the ulnar nerve

Front 57

Fractures of the wrist are common in whom?

Back 57

People over 50

Front 58

What is the mechanism of injury for a colles fracture?

Back 58

involves an attempt to break a fall by landing on the outstretched hand with the hand pronated

Front 59

Whats a very common fracture site in the wrist?

Back 59

the scaphoid bone

Front 60

What is the mechanism of injury for breaking the Scaphoid bone?

Back 60

when a person falls on the palm with the hands abducted

Front 61

How will you know if you broke your scaphoid bone?

Back 61

local tenderness upon palpation of the anatomical snuff box