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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acquired immunity |
Immunity that is developed during a persons life time |
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Acute infection |
A short duration that is often severe |
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Anaphylaxis |
Extreme hypersensitivity to a substance that can lead to shock and life threatening respiratory collapse |
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Artificially acquired immunity |
Results from a vaccine |
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Blood borne disease |
Disease that is caused by microorganisms such as viruses of bacteria that is carried in the blood |
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Blood borne pathogens |
Disease causing organisms transferred through contact with blood or other bodily fluids |
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Chain of infection |
Conditions that all must be present for infection to occur |
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Chronic infection |
Infection for a long duration |
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Communicable disease |
Condition caused by infection that can be spread from person to person or throwing contact with body fluids |
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Contaminated waste |
Gloves and patient napkins that may contain infectious bodily fluids of patients |
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Direct contact |
Touching or contact with a patients blood or saliva |
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Droplet infection |
An infection that occurs though mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose or, mouth |
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Epidemiolgic |
Studies of the patterns and causes of diseases |
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Hazardous waste |
Poses danger to humans or the the environment |
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Immunity |
Ability of the body to resist disease |
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Indirect contact |
Touching or contact with contaminated surfaces/tools |
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Infection control |
Policies and practices to prevent the spread of infectious agents |
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Infectious disease |
Disease that is communicable |
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Infectious waste |
Waste that go infect others with disease |
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Inherited immunity |
Inherited at birth |
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Latent infection |
Predicting infection with recurrent symptoms that “come and go” |
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Naturally acquired immunity |
Occurs when a person has contacted and is recovering from disease |
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Occupational exposure |
Any reasonably anticipated skin,eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury involving blood or other potentially infectious materials |
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OSHA Blood-Borne pathogens (BBP) standard |
Guidelines designated to protect employees against occupational exposure to blond borne pathogens |
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Pathogen |
Disease causing organism |
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Percutaneous |
Through the skin |
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Permucosal |
Contact with mucous membranes such as eyes or mouth |
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Person protective equipment (PPE) |
Items such as masks, gloves, eyewear, gowns used to protect employees |
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Sharps |
Pointed or cutting instruments including needles, scalpel, blades, orthodontic wires and endodontic instruments |
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Standard precautions |
Standard of care designed to protect health care providers from pathogens that can be spread by blood/bodily fluids via excretion or secretion. Expand on the concept of universal precautions. |
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Universal precautions |
Guidelines based on treating all human blood/bodily fluids including saliva as potentially infectious |
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Virulence |
Strength of pathogens ability to cause disease. Also known as pathogenicity |
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Chain of infection |
1. An infection agent - pathogen 2. A reservoir - where it lives and reproduces 3. A portal of exit- means of leaving its home 4. Mode of transmission- droplets, blood 5. Portal of entry - way to enter body 6. Susceptible host- person unable to resist infection Infection control strategies are intended to break one or more links to end the infection. |
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Types of infections |
Acute - fast and severe Chronic - long lasting Latent- come and go symptoms Opportunistic - compromised immune system |
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Mode of disease transmission |
Direct- droplets Indirect - touching of a surface Airborne- someone coughs or sneezes(droplets) Aerosol, spray, or splatter Parental Blood borne Food/ water Fecal-Oral |
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Naturally acquired immunity vs artificially acquired immunity |
Natural - person built tolerance Artificially - vaccine |
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Disease transmission in the dental office |
Patient to dental team Dental team to patient Patient to patient Dental office to community Community to dental office to patient |
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Standard precautions |
Wash hands Wear gloves when handily bodily fluids Use care when handling sharps Wear mask and eye protection when needed Carefully handle contaminated patient care items Use a mouth piece or another ventilation device if you have to do mouth to mouth Must be used on all patients |
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Hepatitis B Immunization |
Must have to work in medial fields |
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Occupational exposure determination |
1. Routinely exposed to blood, saliva or both - dentist, hygienist, RDA, lab, tech 2. Occasionally- receptionist or office manager 3. Never - finance manager, insurance clerk, computer operator |
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Employee medical records |
Dentist/employer must keep medical records for each employee for employment + 30 years Requirements: Name/social security number Proof of Hep B Any exposure incidents Copy of post exposure Kept for 30 years |
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Guidelines for needles |
NEVER re cap |
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Latex allergies |
Irritant- does not involve immune systems and it’s caused by contact with a substance that produces a chemical irritation to skins Type IV allergic reaction- deplaned contact reason that involves the immune system can take 48-72 hours to develop Type l allergic reaction -Anaphylaxis There’s no treatment for latex allergies |
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Classification of waste |
General - paper towels, paper mixing pads, empty containers - discard in covered container made of durable materials such has plastic or metal Hazardous - Danger to humans or environment (toxic chemicals) - follow your specific provincial guidelines Contaminated - been in contact with bodily fluids - normally dispose with general waste Infectious or regulated (biohazard) - waste capable of transmitting disease - follow provincial guidelines Blood/blood soaked materials- labeled container. Pathologic waste - soft tissue, teeth - follow provincial guidelines Shapes - needles - closable leakproof puncture resistant container |
