Digestive System And Respiratory System

Front 1

The digestive system

Back 1

Mechanically and chemically breaks down food for nutrient absorption

Front 2

The alimentary canal extends in its entirety from

Back 2

The mouth to the Anus

Front 3

The correct sequence for the layers within the wall of the alimentary canal from inside to outside is

Back 3

Mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa

Front 4

Peristalsis occurs in the digestive tract

Back 4

From the pharynx to the anus

Front 5

Peristalsis mixes food with digestive enzymes in small segments of the alimentary canal

Back 5

False

Front 6

________ aids mixing movements in the Alimentary canal by alternately contracting and relaxing nonadjacent segments

Back 6

Segmentation

Front 7

The uvula is

Back 7

A projection of the soft palate

Front 8

Because of their location swollen palatine tonsils may interfere with

Back 8

Both breathing and swallowing

Front 9

The teeth that are best adapted for biting off relatively large pieces of food are the

Back 9

Incisors

Front 10

Microorganisms promote the development of dental cavities by metabolizing carbohydrates and releasing by products that are

Back 10

Acidic

Front 11

Salivary amylase digests

Back 11

Carbohydrates

Front 12

In the swallowing reflex

Back 12

The soft palate, larynx, and hyoid bone are raised
The epiglottis closes off the top of the trachea
The tongue presses against the uvula and soft palate
Muscles pull the pharynx toward the food

Front 13

A hiatal hernia is due to a weakness of the

Back 13

Diaphragm

Front 14

The main part of the stomach is called the

Back 14

Body

Front 15

The parietal cells of gastric glands secrete

Back 15

Hydrochloric acid

Front 16

Gastric, which stomach cells secrete

Back 16

Increases the secretion by the gastric glands

Front 17

The _______ is a valve that controls the movement between the stomach and small intestine and

Back 17

Pyloric sphincter

Front 18

Intrinsic factor is necessary for the normal absorption of _______ from the small intestine

Back 18

Vitamin B12

Front 19

The vomiting center is located in the ________ of the brain

Back 19

Medulla oblongata

Front 20

What is a protein splitting enzyme found in pancreatic juice

Back 20

Trypsin

Front 21

All of the enzymes that digest protein are

Back 21

Secreted in an inactive form

Front 22

Acute pancreatitis is often caused by the conversion of

Back 22

Trypsin often to trypsin

Front 23

The hormone secretin

Back 23

Stimulates the release of pancreatic fluid

Front 24

Cholecystokinin secretion from the intestinal wall is stimulated by the presence of

Back 24

Proteins and fats in the small intestine

Front 25

The liver

Back 25

Forms glucose from no carbohydrates
Stores vitamin d
Destroys damaged red blood cells
Forms urea

Front 26

Which constituent of bile has a digestive function

Back 26

Bile salts

Front 27

Jaundice, which is characterized by a yellowish tinge to the tissues, is due to an increased blood concentration of

Back 27

Bile pigments

Front 28

Gallstones are usually composed of

Back 28

Cholesterol

Front 29

Severe liver damage would most likely affect digestion of

Back 29

Lipids

Front 30

Cholecystokinin a hormone released from intestinal mucosa by the presence of fats, stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the duodenum

True or False

Back 30

True

Front 31

Bile is composed of HCI, pepsin, mucus, and intrinsic factor

Back 31

False

Front 32

The gallbladder is connected to the common bile duct by the hepatic duct

Back 32

False

Front 33

Bile salts function as digestive enzymes to break down fatty acids

Back 33

False

Front 34

Large fixed phagocytes in the lining of the hepatic sinusoids are called

Back 34

Kupffer cells

Front 35

Bile breaks down fat globules by

Back 35

Emulsification

Front 36

The greater omentum is composed of

Back 36

The peritoneal membrane

Front 37

The epithelial cells that form the inner lining of the small intestine

Back 37

Are replaced every few days

Front 38

Lactose intolerance is caused by

Back 38

Deficiency of lactase

Front 39

Food passing from the stomach through the small intestine first passes into the duodenum then the jejunum and lastly the ileum
True or False

Back 39

True

Front 40

The movement of chyme through the small intestine is increased by parasympathetic impulses and is inhibited by sympathetic impulses

True of False

Back 40

True

Front 41

Lump transports fat molecules with longer chains of carbon atoms away from the intestine.

True or false

Back 41

True

Front 42

The double layered fold of peritoneum that suspends portions of the small intestine is called

Back 42

Mesentery

Front 43

Fat molecules with longer chains of carbon atoms are transported from the small intestine by means of

Back 43

Lymph

Front 44

The sphincter muscle located between the small intestine and the large intestine is the

Back 44

Ileocecal valve

Front 45

One of the major functions of the large intestine is to

Back 45

Reabsorbs water from chyme

Front 46

During the defecation reflex

Back 46

The diaphragm lowers

Front 47

The cecum is located at the inferior end of the descending colon

True or false

Back 47

False

Front 48

The American heart association recommends that the percentage of calories on a persons diet derived from fats should not exceed

Back 48

30%

Front 49

Plant proteins typically contain less than adequate amounts of

Back 49

Essential amino acids

Front 50

The results of poor nutrition from lack of nutrients or failure to use them is

Back 50

Malnutrition

Front 51

Vitamin E, a fat soluble vitamin, is destroyed by cooking.

True or false

Back 51

False

Front 52

Vitamin E, a fat soluble vitamin, is destroyed by cooking.

True or false

Back 52

False

Front 53

Microorganisms removed from incoming air by sticky airway mucus are most likely to be destroyed by

Back 53

The digestive action of gastric juice

Front 54

The organs of the upper respiratory tract are located outside the thorax
True or false

Back 54

True

Front 55

The glottis is the opening between the vocal cords
True or false

Back 55

True

Front 56

The right lung is larger than the left lung
True or false

Back 56

True

Front 57

The left lung has only two lobes
True or false

Back 57

Tryw

Front 58

The potential space between the pleural membrane is called the pleural cavity

Back 58

True

Front 59

________ is a substance secreted by cells in the lungs that reduces surface tension

Back 59

Surfactant

Front 60

The muscular action that causes air to move into the lungs during inspiration is provided by

Back 60

The diaphragm

Front 61

The force responsible for normal resting expiration is supplied by

Back 61

Elastic recoil of the lungs

Front 62

The amount of air that enters or leaves the lungs during a respiratory cycle is the

Back 62

Tidal volume

Front 63

What would be the most helpful for forceful expiration

Back 63

Abdominal wall muscles

Front 64

The vocal cords are located within the

Back 64

Larynx

Front 65

The additional volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs at the end of a resting expiration is called

Back 65

Expiration reserve volume

Front 66

The additional volume of air that can be inhaled at the end of a resting inspiration is called

Back 66

Inspiration reserve volume

Front 67

The volume of air that can be expelled from completely filled lungs is called

Back 67

Vital capacity

Front 68

The visceral and parietal pleural membranes are normally held together by

Back 68

Decreased pressure in the pleural cavity

Front 69

The condition in which outside air enters the pleural cavity is called

Back 69

Pneumothorax

Front 70

Emphysema is characterized by an decrease in

Back 70

Alveoli function

Front 71

What is the value that cannot be measure or calculated using simple spirometer

Back 71

Total lung capacity

Front 72

The pectoralis mini and the sternocleido astound muscles are useful in aiding forced expiration

True or false

Back 72

False

Front 73

The maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible is a measurement of that persons vital capacity
True or false

Back 73

True

Front 74

The layer or serous membrane that is firmly attached to the surface of a lung is called

Back 74

Visceral pleura

Front 75

The walls of the alveoli are composed of

Back 75

Simple squamous epithelium

Front 76

Decrease pressure in the plural cavity tends to hold the visceral and parietal pleural membranes together true or false

Back 76

True

Front 77

The respiratory membrane consists of

Back 77

To thicknesses of epithelial cells and their basement membranes

Front 78

Breathing rate is most likely to increase blood level of

Back 78

Carbon dioxide increases

Front 79

The receptors of the inflation reflex are most sensitive to

Back 79

Stretch

Front 80

Hyperventilation causes

Back 80

A decrease in plasma pCO2

Front 81

The respiratory centers are located in the medulla oblongata and the pond of the

Back 81

Brainstem

Front 82

A voluntary increases in the rate and depth of breathing is called

Back 82

Hyperventilation

Front 83

A breathing pattern that eliminates too much CO2 is called hyperventilation
True or False

Back 83

True

Front 84

Gas exchange between the air in the alveoli and the blood in nearby capillaries occurs by the process of

Back 84

Diffusion

Front 85

Ordinary air is about ____% oxygen

Back 85

21%

Front 86

The walls of the nasal cavity are composed of

Back 86

Ciliated columnar epilthelium

Front 87

Within a mixture of gases, the pressure created by each gas is called its

Back 87

Partial pressure

Front 88

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase speeds the reaction between

Back 88

Carbon dioxide and water

Front 89

Carbon monoxide bonds to hemoglobin more strongly than does oxygen

True or false

Back 89

True

Front 90

Caraminohemoglobin is formed when hemoglobin bonds

Back 90

Amino acids

Front 91

Microorganisms trapped in the mucus of the nasal cavity eventually end up in Themistocles of the inspired

Back 91

Stomach

Front 92

Most of the inspired air eventually ends up in the

Back 92

Alveoli

Front 93

Laryngitis is potentially dangerous condition because it may cause

Back 93

Obstruction of the airway

Front 94

The condition of newborns called infant respiratory distress syndrome is caused by

Back 94

Lack of surfactant

Front 95

Cancer that originated in the lungs is most likely to develop from

Back 95

Epithelial cells

Front 96

The procedure used to directly examine the trachea and bronchial tree is called

Back 96

Bronchoscopy