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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Symptoms and prognosis of stroke are determined by? |
Mechanism, location, extent of lesion |
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Incidence and prevalence of stroke? |
4th leading cause of death in the US Kills 130,000 Americans each year 15-30% of those who have one will have a permanent disability. Depression affects 1/3 of stroke patients |
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Ten major risk factors associated with CVA? |
Hypertension Smoking Waist to hip ratio Diet risk Regular physical exercise Diabetes Alcohol intake |
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Other risk factors associated with CVA? |
Ethnicity: higher in African Americans Risk increases after 65 Family heredity Obesity Birth control pills Living in the stroke belt of the south Transient ischemic attacks |
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Causes of stroke: |
Ischemic (most common 88%) - tissue plasminogen activator should be given within 3 hours of symptoms Hemorrhagic (least common 20%) |
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Embolism vs. thrombosis? |
Embolism: dislodged platelets or cholesterol that travels in blood stream and blocks a vessel. Thrombosis: stenosis, narrowing of a blood vessel or occlusion |
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Ischemic stroke as a result of damage to deep structures of the brain, such as, basal ganglia, thalamus, pons, internal capsule, and deep white matter.
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Lacunar infarct |
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Symptoms of damage to the left hemisphere of the brain? |
Aphasia Right hemiparesis Right sided sensory loss Right sided visual field affected Apraxia Dysarthria (speech) Trouble with 3 R’s |
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Symptoms of right hemisphere damage? |
Extinction of control function on left side Agnosognosia (unawareness of impairment) Emotional lability Left side neglect Figure ground disorientation Astereogenesis Constructional apraxia |
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What is Pusher’s Syndrome? |
Damage to the thalamus The thalamus is involved in upright body posture The feeling that they are upright when slightly tilted Left side neglect (right hemisphere lesion) and aphasia (left hemisphere lesion) are highly associated with pushing behavior |
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Other complications that occur sometimes with stroke? |
Seizures (10%) Thromboembolism Pneumonia UTIs Pressure sores |
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Prognosis for stroke sufferers? |
90% of neurological recover occurs in 3 months. But we do have neuroplasticity!!! Spasticity is the elephant in the room |
