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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Premature atrial contraction cause?
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P wave from somewhere else
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Importance of PVCs and PACs
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may predispose to other arrhythmias
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Ways to ID tachyarrhythmias
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>100 bpm
is QRS narrow/wide? Is rhythm regular or irregular? |
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Cause of wide QRS
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conduction NOT traveling through normal conduction system
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Aberrancy is...
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bundle branch block
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Tx of sinus tachycardia
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treat underlying cause
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Atrial flutter involves which area of the heart?
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reentrant arrhythmia of RA involving cavo-tricuspid isthmus
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What does the ventricular rate fire at with atrial flutter?
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in multiples of 300 (2:1 --> 150bpm, 4:1 --> 75 bpm)
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Classic appearance of atrial flutter
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sawtooth pattern
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3 tx of Atrial flutter
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rate-control (AV nodal blockers)
catheter ablation (cavo-tricuspid isthmus) anti-coag for stroke prevention |
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During what beat type is AV nodal reentry tachycardia normal (AVNRT)?
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sinus beats (fast pathyway predominates)
during tachycardia, slow pathway conducts w/ retrograde conduction through fast pathway |
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Key EKG finding in AVNRT
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P wave just after QRS (which is narrow/fast), sometimes not even visible
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Acute tx of AVNRT
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vagal maneuvers
adenosine |
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Chronic AVNRT tx
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AV nodal blocker
catheter ablation of slow pathway |
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Compare AVRT in sinus to tachycardia
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in tachycardia, there is no delta wave
Conducts only through AV node, so P wave occurs after QRS |
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Tx for AVRT
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vagal maneuvers, adenosine
chronic: catheter ablation of accessory pathway |
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atrial tachycardia cause
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beat originating in atrial muscle other than SA or AV nodes
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Why does adenosine not affect atrial tachycardia?
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no involvement of AV node
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Tx for atrial tachycardia
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generally no tx; options include antiarrhythmic drugs or catheter ablation
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two components of Atrial fibrillation
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initial trigger, often at pulmonary venous sites
maintained by functional reentry |
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Tx for atrial fibrillation
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anticoag
rate control as needed rhythm control for symptomatic AF -cather ablation |
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In general, cause of ventricular tach
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reentry around scar in pts w/ structural heart disease
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2 identifiers of ventricular tachycardia
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wide, regular QRS
AV dissociation from P waves |
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Tx for v-tach
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acute resuscitation
need ICD may require antiarrhythmics |
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Cause of Torsade de Pointes
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PVC (triggered from EAD) initiates intramural reentry
seen w/ underlying long QT |
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Tx for Torsade de Pointes
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defibrillation, Mg, rapid pacing
may need ICD unless reversible |
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Causes of long QT
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congenital or acquired
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Atrial fibrillation w/ pre-excitation can lead to what? Why?
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V-fib; can conduct through accessory pathway at rapid rates
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Tx of a-fib w/ pre-excitation
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tx acutely w/ DC cardioversion, then ablation of accessory pathway
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