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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is covalent bonding? |
Covalent bonding is when pairs of electrons are shared |
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What is a covalent bond formed between? |
Two non metals
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Describe covalent bonds with regards to (conductivity) |
Covalent bonds cannot conduct electricity because there are no free electrons and no ions
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Give 3 examples for covalent molecules? |
- Water (H20) - Ammonia (NH3) - Hydrogen (H2) |
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What are normally the states of covalent compounds? And what are the boiling points of these compounds?/ |
Gasses or liquids With LOW boiling points |
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Why are giant lattice structures, like diamond, very strong? |
Because they have strong covalent bonds Each atom has many bonds |
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Describe the structure of Graphite? |
Carbon atoms joined together in hexagonal shape Carbon atoms form layers which can slide over each other (which makes it softer than diamond) Each carbon atoms is joined to 3 others Graphite conducts electricity (free electrons in the layers) |
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Describe the structure of Diamond? |
Formed of carbon atoms, each carbon atom is joined to 4 others Giant covalent lattice structure Doesn't conduct electricity High melting point |
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What is Buckminsterfullerene? |
An alloptrope of carbon |
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What is the structure of Buckminsterfullerene? |
A giant molecule made up of carbon atoms that form hexagons and pentagons (like a football) |
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What is Buckminsterfullerene used for/in? |
Lubricants |
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List the 3 types of bonding in compounds?
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Ionic boning Covalent bonding Polar covalent bonding |
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What is ionic bonding? |
A type of chemical bond, that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions |
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What is ionic bonding between? |
a metal and a non metal |
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Describe an ionic compound? |
An ionic compound is made up of giant ionic lattices containing oppositely charged ions |
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Features of ionic compounds? |
- High melting point - High boiling point - Conduct electricity when melted or dissolved in water |
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Describe a simple molecular compound? |
They consist of many molecules in which the atoms are joined together by strong covalent bonds Their molecules are held together by weak forces |
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Features of a simple molecular compound? |
- Low boiling point - Low melting point - Cant conduct electricity |
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What is the size of Nanoparticles? |
1-100 nm in size |
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Factors of Nanoparticles? |
- Metals form giant structures containing free electrons, making them GOOD CONDUCTORS of HEAT and ELECTRICITY |
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Give an example of an Ionic compound? |
Sodium chloride |
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In relation to water, what are most molecular substances? |
Insoluble in water |
