Conservation Biology Midterm-Values And Ethics 2

Front 1

Leopold land ethic

Back 1

- golden rule: “A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community. It is wrong when it tends otherwise.” -”A land ethic changes the role of Homo sapiens from conqueror of the land community to plain member and citizen of it”

Front 2

why does the Leopold land ethic not conflict with moral duties to our human communities

Back 2

-Leopold and Darwin represented a land ethic to be in addition to, not a substitute for, our long-standing human-to-human ethics -we should be able to let go of our less important or short-term human interests for the sake of the vital interests of other forms of life, and for ecological health and integrity.

Front 3

How can we conserve and preserve a biota that is dynamic

Back 3

-spatial and temporal scale is relevant to this dilemma - man is part of nature so our impacts are natural also but because we are a moral species, capable of ethical deliberation and conscientious choice, and evolutionary kinship and biotic community membership add a land ethic to our familiar social ethics, anthropogenic changes may be land-ethically evaluated by the norm of appropriate scale

Front 4

why should the environmental crisis matter to mankind?

Back 4

-the environmental crisis is concerned with the kind of creatures we are and what we must become in order to survive

Front 5

anthropocentric environmental rational

Back 5

centers on species worth to people

Front 6

naturalistic environmental rationale

Back 6

includes species intrinsic and ecosystem values

Front 7

2 levels of the account of duties to species

Back 7

-scientific @ species,
- values @ ethics, involving duties

Front 8

environmental ethic account of biological species

Back 8

living historical form, propagated in individual organisms, that flows dynamically over generations
-a coherent, ongoing, dynamic lineage expressed in organisms, encoded in gene flow
-objective, found, not made

Front 9

environmental ethic account at the level of values and duties (to species)

Back 9

species are good kinds , and that humans ought not, without overriding justification, to cause their extinction - the individual represents, or re-presents anew, a species in each subsequent generation, a token of an entity and the entity is more important than the token -the dignity resides in the dynamic form, the individual inherits this, exemplifies it and passes it on -extinction shut down the generative processes and kills forms beyond individuals, collectively not just distributively -the wrong humans are doing is stopping the historical gene flow in which the vitality of life lies

Front 10

environmental ethic account at the level of values and duties (to ecosystems)

Back 10

species are inseparable from the environmental niche they fit in -habitats are essential to species, and an endangered species typically means an endangered habitat -integrity of the species fits into the integrity of the ecosystem -endangered species conservation must be ecosystem oriented, it is not preservation of species that we wish but the preservation of species i the system -not merely what they are but where they are that we must value correctly

Front 11

difference between artificial and natural extinctions

Back 11

natural extinction, though harmful to a species is the key to tomorrow, the species is employed in, but abandoned to the larger historical evolution of life -artificial extinction shuts down tomorrow because it shuts down speciation, one opens doors, the other closes them -humans generate and regenerate nothing, they only deaden lines

Front 12

what does a well-developed environmental ethic argue?

Back 12

that species are good in their own right, whether they are good for anything or not

Front 13

Con bio and comparative psychology (article review)-

Back 13

comp psychology has usefulness in conservation biology, turtles move toward light immediately following birth, this was discovered by comp psych study and helped conserve turtles- comp psych is the hows of animal behavior-helps understand how human behavior, technology or activity affects animal behavior and how to use this to help conserve animals-ground squirrels distress calls change depending on volume levels i.e., traffic noise

Front 14

Role of private land owners in jaguar conservation in NE Sonoran Mexico (article review)-

Back 14

-land trust via monetary contributions to land owners to stop hunting jaguars
-lots of cattle ranching in area,
- implemented commercial trophy white-tailed deer hunting to raise money for landowner compensation
-important because it is vital to conservation for landowners and conservationists to work together