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308 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which is commensalist? both, Balantidium, Blastocystis, none of these |
both? |
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What is the approximate size of Encephalitozoon cuniculi spores? 2 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm |
2um |
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Representatives of which orders are primarily affected by Encephalitozooncuniculi ? Lagomorpha & Carnivora, Rodentia & Insectivora, Carnivora & Insectivora, Rodentia & Primates |
Lagomorpha & Carnivora |
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What is characteristic of the pathology of encephalitozoonosis? interstitialis nephritis, glomerulonephritis, nephrosis, encephalitis |
interstitialis nephritis |
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Which clinical sign is not characteristic of encephalitozoonosis? posterior paralysis, torticollis, ataxy, spasms |
Posterior paralysis |
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Which genus does the vector of Cytauxzoon felis belong to? Dermacentor, Rhipicephalus, Haemaphysalis, Amblyomma |
Dermacentor |
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Where does the first schizogony of Cytauxzoon felis take place? in MPS cells, in lymphocytes, in red blood cells, in liver parenchyma cells |
In mps cells |
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What is primarily responsible for the pathogenic effect of Cytauxzoon felis ? occlusion of blood vessels by schizonts, mucosal damage by schizonts, disintegration of erythrocytes due togamonts, lymphocytopenia |
occlusion of blood vessels by schizonts |
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Cysticercus tenuicollis is the L2 of T. Ovis |
False it is the infective L2 of Taenia hydatigena |
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Which is NOT hepatophilic of the following T. Psiformis Cysticercus longicollis E.granulosus E. Multilocularis |
Cysticercus longicollis (infective L2 of taenia crassiseps, forming cysts in abdominal cavity of rodents, not the liver
T. Psiformis (Larvae are Hepatophilic) E.granulosus and E. multilocularis can cause Hydatid cyst in liver |
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86) It is easy to distinguish the eggs of H.rubidus and Oesophagostomum |
False- Strongyle-type eggs /(60-80 μm), 32-cell stage, not distinguishable from the eggs of Oesophagostomum nb. oesophogostomum does not leave the intestinal tract and it has a histiotropic phase |
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Cooperia can be found in |
Parasitic gastroenteritis of ruminants Abomasum/Small Intestine Very small (up to 1 cm) pinkish worms with a 'swallen' head due to a small cephalic vesicle, |
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Uncinaria Stenocephala can occur in cat |
True (Also other Felids, and dogs and Canids) other hookworm of carnivores ancylostoma caninum, A. tubaeforme, A. braziliense |
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The eggs of A. galli are hard to distinguish from that of Heterakis gallinarum |
FALSE- H. gallinarum can be distinguished from those of A. galli by their larger size Ascaridia galli causes avian ascaridiosis (PE2 ascaridioid Heterakis gallinarum is a caecal worm |
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How to find Oxyuris equi (Common pinworm) |
Answer ‘Other Methods’ Methods to diagnose: Egg clumps can readily be removed from the perinealskin with a piece of transparent adhesive tape Clinical signs: tail-rubbing greyish-yellow gelatinous/driedup, scale-like egg masses on the perineal skin, femaleworms in fresh faeces necropsy |
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Passalurus ambiggous causes |
Pinworm disease of Rabbit and Hare Small whitish worms Eggs with infective L3 |
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Where can you find Passalurus |
Ceacum and colon |
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Which one has earthworm as intermediate host S. trachea A. galli H. gallinarum Other |
Other S.trachea (BUT Earthworm is paratenic host) A.galli (BUT Direct lifecyle: Earthworm is paratenic host) H.galinarium (BUT Direct lifecycle: Earthworm is paratenic host) Earthworms are Intermediate hosts: Amoebotaenia sp. (Poultry Tapeworm) Metastrongylus species (Pig Lungworm) |
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Wormknots contain sexually inactive, viable adults, true of false |
True they are glass pinhead-shaped, mostly subpleural masses grey in case of Muellerius capillaris infection or dark brownto black in Cystocaulus ochreatus the brood nodules contain sexually active adults and eggs |
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Fertilized worms of D. Immitis can be found in dogs at 4 month |
True Fertilized worms in dogs from about 4 months post-infection first microfilariae only 6-7 months post-infection Female worms can live up to 5 years, microfilariae up to 2.5 years. Causes HARD (Heartworm Associated Respiratory Disease) in cats |
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Three most common Trichinella infections (Muscle worm disease)In Europe: |
T. Nativa, T. Spiralis, T. Britovi Food borne disease muscle larvae (L1) are considered to be infective from day 15 p.i. Predilection sites: diaphragmatic, intercostal, masseter muscles, tongue, |
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Size of Trichinella (Muscle worm disease) |
1-4 mm |
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Which specie can rupture the aorta of dogs? |
Spirocerca lupi Causes large tumour-like granulomas in the wall of the oesophagus or stomach |
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O. cervicalis can infect eye, true or false? |
True It causes onchocercosis of Horse and Donkey |
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where can you find the adults of Setaria equina? |
Peritoneal and pleural cavity Intermediate hosts are mosquitos Cerebral setariosis (Due to migrating Larvae to the brain: Encephalomyelitis) |
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Infection route of Amidostomomum anseris? |
(Goose gizzard worm) infection orally with water, in goslings also by penetrating through the web |
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How can you diagnose Amidostomom? |
Eggs in faces (ellipsoidal eggs, 32cell or morulla) Necropsy- remove horny lining of gizzard, immerse mucosa in water for work recovery |
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Picture of Mosquito male(plumose/feathery)? |
(O:Diptera,F:Culicidae) Holometamorphosis Feed on fruit juices Only females(pilose/hairy) take blood meal Both feed on plant nectar, fruit juice and liquids |
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Genus name whip worm? |
Trichuris |
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Can linguatula serrate occur in horses nasal cavity? |
Rarely |
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T.cruzi not typical shape? |
Promastigote |
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S.westeri transmission in foals? |
Galactogenic |
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What drug is NOT effective against demodex in horse? |
Fenbendazole is not good Use Pyrethroids and Doramectin Amitraz is POISONOUS |
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What causes hookworm in small ruminants? Bunostomum phlebotomum, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Ancylostoma tubaeforme, uncinaria stenocephala |
Bunostomum trigonocephalum B. phlebotomum infects cattle Ancylostoma tubaeforme infects felids uncinaria stenocephala infects carnivores (only peroral, others can infect per cutan) |
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Which of the following worms occur in small ruminants Oesophagostumum radiatum Oe. dentatum Oe. columbianum Oe. quadrispinulatum Oe. venulosum |
Oe. columbianum (causes nodular ulcerative colitis) and Oe. venulosum (less pathogenic) occur in sheep Oe. quadrispinulatum and Oe. dentatum occur in pigs Oe. radiatum occurs in cattle |
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Which of the following worm species lives in the stomach of pigs? Hyostrogylus rubidis Amidostomum anseris Metastrongylus apri (aka M. elongatus) Ollularis tricuspis |
Hyostrongylus rubidis (red stomach worm of pigs) A. anseris is the gizzard worm of waterfowl M. apri is the lungworm of pigs Ollularis tricuspis is the stomach worm of cats |
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What can be found in the faeces of a cat infected with Ollularis tricuspis |
nothing, the female lays L3 which is transmitted in the cats vomit |
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Which is a burrowing mite? Sarcoptes Psoroptes knemidocoptes Notoedres Chorioptes Otodectes |
Sarcoptes and Knemidocoptes, notoedres |
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Which are non burrowing mites Sarcoptes Psoroptes knemidocoptes Notoedres Chorioptes Otodectes |
Psoroptes, Chorioptes and Otodectes |
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Who is infected by M. hirundanaceus |
Macracanthorhynchosis hirundinaceus is a large worm of wild boar, occasionally dogs and men |
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Which species have no sporocyst Emeiria Cryptosporidium Tyzerria Caryospora |
Emiria is 4/8 Cryptosporidium is 0/4 tyzerria is 0/8 caryospora is 1/8 |
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Pneumonyssoides caninum is? |
The nasal mite of dogs female is viviparous (probably) |
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Trichostrongylus axei is stenoxenous (stomach worm and small intestinal worm) True or false |
False Primarily infects horses, also infect ruminants, avoid grazing on the same pastures it is Euryxenous |
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Which worms have no intestinal canal Nematodes or Cestodes |
Cestodes, |
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Eimeria Kotlani affects which species? |
The caecum, rectum and cloaca of geese E. anseris affects the jejunum and ileum. E. nocens affects the ileum E. truncata causes renal coccidiosis |
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What does naegleria fowleri cause and who does it affect |
PAM (primary amoebic meningoencephalitis) Affects humans, sheep, mice, cattle Enters CNS via nasal passage |
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Which part of the body is the first affected by demodex |
Most commonly first on the face |
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Who is most affected by the bed bug |
Cimex lectularis is a big problem in hen houses |
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Where does the first schizogony of leucocytozoon occur? |
In the liver |
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Which has the largest kinetoplast? |
Trypanosoma cruzi |
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Main symptom of mal de cadera |
Caused by Trypanosoma evansi (T. brucei evansi) Causes fever, anorexia, oedema, death, neurological signs, lymphatic enlargement, genital swelling Vectors are Tse tse fly, tabanus, Stomoxys, haematopota etc. |
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What is the vector of haemoproteus |
Hippoboscidae, tabanidae, ceratopogonidae Pseudomalaria in birds First schizogony in endothelial cells of parenchymal organs |
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What causes obligatory (strict?) myiasis (Larvae stay at site of wound) |
Calliphoridae (Chrysoma bezziana, cochlioma homnivorax , Lucilla cuprina) Sarcophagidae Wolfhartia magnifica and W. vigil |
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How many intermediate hosts have the Strongylus species |
None they are direct parasites S. vulgaris settles in the mesenteric arteries via the large intestine wall, the adult forms nodules in the caecum and large intestine S. equinus forms nodules in the caecum before damaging the liver via the abdominal cavity, next stop is pancreas via hepatopancreatic ligament then goes to gut as fully mature adult S. edentates damages the liver via the portal vein, next goes to supserosa of gut via geppatogastric ligament and forms haemorrhagic nodules. settles in large intestine lumen |
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Which plasmodium species does not occur in humans |
Plasmodium simium |
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Where is moxidectin not efective Parascaris Oxyuris strongyloides Anaplocephala |
they said anaplocephala, I think strongyloides |
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What is the food of the female psychodidae |
Blood meal (and pollen?) |
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What can you find in the faeces of a puppy infected with strongyloides |
Strongyloides stercoralis Free L1 demonstrated with baerman technique |
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Where are the mouthparts located on the bugs? |
The head |
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Highly pathogenic turkey coccidians |
E. adenoides (mostly caecum) E. meleagrimitis (mostly jejunum) E. gallopavonis and E. dispersa are moderately pathogenic E. melleagridis is sparingly pathogenic |
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First sign of demodicosis in the horse |
On the head, periocular, surrounding muzzle |
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Parasite causing demodicosis in pig |
Swine - Demodex phylloides Horse - D. caballi, D. equi Cattle - D. bovis, D. tauri Sheep - D. ovis, D. aries Goat - D. caprae Dog - D. canis, D. injai, D. conei Cat - D. gatoi, D. cati Rabbit - D. cuniculi Mouse - D. musculi Rat - D. ratti Guinea pig - D. caviae Human - D. folliculorum, D. brevis |
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Which species has 1-2cm sized nodules due to demodicosis |
Cattle |
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Which animal species are affected by the same species of demodex? |
Cat and dog? I'm unsure of this answer |
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Where does the adult velvet mite live? (neotrombicula automnalis) |
It is free living, the larvae is parasitic |
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Which duck coccidian causes neurological signs? |
Emeiria danailovi causes CNS symptoms Tyzzeria perniciosa is the most pathogenic causing haemorrhagic enteritis E. anatis affects the small intestine Wenyonella philiplevinei affects all from the jejunum to the cloaca |
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What is the vector for hepatozoon canis |
Rhipicephalus sanguines (brown dog tick) Hepatozoon americanum is vectored by Ambyomma maculatum |
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Diphylibothrium latum causes |
macrocytic megaloblastic anaemia in case of chronic infection |
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Where is the plerocercoid found |
Last larval stage of many cestodes with aquatic lfiecycles, it is the infective form in case of Diphylobothrium latum |
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Whats found in the egg of Diphylobothrium latum? |
Zygote |
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What is special about klossielosis (klossiella equi and K. muris (more pathogenic of the two) |
Homoxenous parasite Lives in renal cortex Oocysts are not excreted, instead the sprocysts pass to the urine |
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Which species of Leukocytozoon is common in chickens? |
L. caulleryi (vectored by culicoides of ceratopogonidae) L. smithi affects turkey (vectored by simullidae) L. simondi affects waterfowl (vectored by simullidae) |
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Encephalitozoon causes |
Interstitial nephritis, glomerulonephritis, CNS symptoms |
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Where does the first exoerythrocytic schizogony take place in case of plasmodium infection? |
In the hepatocytes the given answer talks about mps cells at site of infection, I think this is the case only in birds |
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What clinical signes does encephalitoxoon cause in dog and fox |
polyarteritis nodosa, fibrotic thickenings, lumen stenosis Also neurological and renal diseases in neonates |
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Whats the vector of Leishmania |
the phlebotomus sandfly |
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Definition of xenodiagnosis |
A diagnostic method where you expose a previously healthy vector to a possibly diseased tissue in order to examine the vector for signs of the disease |
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The sandfly lays |
eggs |
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Tse tse fly lays |
L3 larvae which immediately pupates female remains fertile for her entire life after mating once |
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What are the intermediate hosts of the lanceolate flukes (dicrocileum dentriticum) |
snails and ants |
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What is the species and size of the oocyt in equine coccidiosis |
Emeiria leukarti 80um brown, thick walled pyriform, large micropyle, no capsule |
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Name the order of the bugs |
Order Hemiptera Sub order Heteroptera |
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How is prasiquantel dosed |
5mg/ttkg |
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Tongueworm of the dog |
linguatula serata |
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Nose mite of the dog? |
Pneumonysus caninum |
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Special staining method for encephalitozoon cuniculi |
gram - staining, ziehl neeson, PAS |
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What is the most proximal emeiria species in turkeys |
Emeiria melleagrimitis |
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How can humans become infected with diphylobothrium latum |
Eating raw fish |
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Cause and clinical signs of summer bleeding |
Parafilaria multipapillosa fresh bleeding, bloody sweat, heals rapidly with haemorrhagic nodules around the shoulders, neck and withers |
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What is typical for balantidium coli |
50 um thick wound frequent explosive diarrhoea epithelial degeneration |
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What is the infectious form of the blood fluke |
furcocercariae |
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How can you diagnose schistomatidosis |
urinary FEC samples |
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Which is a zoonoses |
African sleeping sickness |
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What does the tongueworm belong to |
pentastomida |
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Which blastocyst is smallest |
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Which does not occur in plasmodium oocyst sporocyst endoerythrocytic schizogony schizogony |
no sporocysts are found in plasmodium |
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Where does the red mite develop |
Dermanysus gallinae tree crevices? |
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What causes facultative myiasis? |
Lucilia cuprina |
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Benoitia species are |
heteroxenous Cattle are intermediate hosts, cats are final hosts (probably) causes elephant skin disease cysts can be 800um |
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Could be found in the peritoneal and pleural avity of horses |
Setaria equina larvae may migrate and cause encephalomyelitis |
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What causes eyeworm disease in horses |
Thelazia lacrymalis cattle - T. rhodesi, T. gulosa, T. skrjabini Dog - T. callipaedia, T. califormiensis |
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Infection route of schistosoma |
per os or per cutan |
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which species are most sensitive to liver fluke |
small ruminants and rabbits |
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Which invertebrate intermediate hosts dipylidium |
flea or biting louse infective stage is l2, cysticercoid final host is cats and dogs |
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When are glossinidae flies active |
diurnally (tsetse flies) |
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the thick shelled egg of the thorny headed worm (Acanthocephala) contains |
the larva (known as acanthor) infective stage is acanthella or its encysted form, the cystacanth |
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What cause granulomatous encephalitis |
Acanthomoeba castellani |
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What does the warble fly lay? |
eggs |
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What are the stages of development of diphylobotrium latum? |
egg - Coracidium (L1) - Procercoid (L2) - Plerocercoid (L3) - adult |
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What is not typical for haemoproteus |
Emphysema |
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What is the intermediate host of the large american liver fluke? |
Galba trunculata |
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What are the intermediate hosts of fasciola hepatica? |
Galba trunculata, G. tometosa, G. columella nb. F. gigantica IH is L. auricularia |
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Where does Hammondiosis cause symptoms? |
H. heydorni (affects dogs) is symptomless H. hamondi only causes symptoms in the intermediate host (rat, mouse, lagomorph) they are DAMD (depression, anorexia, myositis, death) |
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Which trypanosoma species is transmitted by tabanus? T. vivax T. brucei gambiense T. evansi (brucei evansi) T. cruzi T. brucei equiperdum |
T. vivax - Tsetse T. brucei gambiense - Tsetse T. evansi (brucei evansi) - Tabanus T. cruzi - Triatoma infestans T. brucei equiperdum - mechanical (P in the V) |
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What taxon does Rhinonyssidae belong to? |
Arachnida (it is a mite) |
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How many protoscolexes has Cysticercus tenuicollis? |
1 It is L2 of Taenia hydatigenia (IH pigs and cows) |
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Coenurus cerebralis is caused by |
It is the L2 of Taenia multiceps (ovine) |
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Cysticercus cellulosae is caused by |
It is the L2 of Taenia solium |
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Bovine cysticercosis is caused buy |
Cysticercus bovis (of Taenia saginata) |
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Ovine cysticercosis is caused buy |
Cysticercus ovis (of Taenia ovis) |
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Hunting dogs need to be dewormed of |
Taenia pisiformis (contracted from eating rabbits infected with Cysticercus pisiformis) |
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Summer bleeding, what causes it and how can you treat it? |
Parafilaria multipapillosa, treat with macrocytic lactone (ivermectin, moxidectin) |
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What can be found in the large intestine of small ruminants? |
Chabertia ovina (large mouthed bowel worm) |
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What is typical for hyostrongylus rubidis? |
Histiotrophic phase |
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Who has hepatophilic larvae? |
Dicrocoelium dendriticum (the lancet liver fluke) doesn't migrate in liver adult settles in bile duct other suitable answers are any fascioloid |
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What does oncocerca cervicalis cause in horses? Summer itch cutaneous oncocercosis ventral midline dermatitis microfilarial keratoconjunctivitis chorioretinitis |
All but summer itch (caused by cullicoides of ceratopogonicae) |
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What is typical for chronic hyostrongyloidosis? |
Hyperplasia (thickening of the stomach mucosa with lenticular flat nodules) |
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Which have no intestinal canal? Hyostrongylus rubidis Acanthocephala Diphylobotrium latum Triatoma infestans |
Acanthocephala Diphylobotrium latum |
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Where does onchocerca develop? |
subcutaenously |
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Which parasite has a developmental stage similar to that of chabertia ovina? |
Oesophogostomum (Oe. columbianum and Oe. venulosum are of sheep) |
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What is typical for Hepatozoon americanum? |
multilammelar schizonts (onion skin cysts?) |
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Which bunostomum species is found in small ruminants? |
Bunostomum trigonocephalum (hookworm) |
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Which family does the Tsetse fly belong to? |
Glossinidae |
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Development of forest fly |
Larviparous (lays l3) |
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Hammondia hammondi is similar to the developmental form of ? |
Toxoplasma gondii |
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Trypanosoma cruzi amastigote occurs in which cells? |
mesenchymal cells |
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Most common species of mite causing mange in rabbits? |
Psoroptes cuniculi |
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When does the bed bug feed and on what? |
Nocturnally on blood |
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What class does the mange mite belong to? |
Arachnidae |
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What is isospora canis? |
Facultatively heteroxenous |
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During which infection does Strongylus stercoralis not have lung passage? |
Galactogenic |
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What is diagnosed if eimeria is in the faeces of dogs? |
Pseudoparasitosis (canine coccidians are I. canis, I. ohioensis, I. burrowsi) |
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What is typical for the wings of the sandfly? |
wings covered by hairs, wings erect, wing veins in straight lines??? |
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Pneumonyssoides caninum (nasal mite) is similar to |
Pentastomida apparently? |
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Trypanosoma evansi causes no symptoms in? |
Cattle (nb its surra occurs mainly in equidae) |
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What is neglaeria trophozoite? |
biflagellar (also has non flagellated trophozoite form and amoebic form) |
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Which eimiria species causes bloody catarrhal diarrhoes in the pheasant? |
Eimeria colchici nb. E. phaesani and E. duodenalis also cause cooccidiosis of pheasants |
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How large is an Encephalitozoon cyst? |
1.5-2.5um |
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What causes a zoonoses? |
Encephalitozoon cuniculi |
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Where does the second schizogony of plasmodium take place? |
Erythrocytes (they said lymphcytes and histiocytes) |
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Dosages of prasiquantel and epsiprantel to treat echinococcus granulosus |
Prasiquantel 5mg/kg Po in cats, dogs, chickens Epsiquantel is also 5mg/kg (they say 7.5) 40mg/kg prasiquantel can treat cattle and humans with schistosomatidosis |
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Which are the horse species of louse a) Bovicola. ovis, Linognathos. vituli b) Wernickiela. equi, Haematopinus. asini c) W. equi, H. ventriculosus d) H. eurysternus, W. equi |
b) W. equi, H. asini Bovicola ovis affects sheep Linognathos vituli affects cattle as does H. eurysternus |
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Which developmental stage to lice have? |
Epimorphosis |
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Felicola subrostratus belongs to which group? |
Ischonecera (chewing lice) |
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The breathing organ of the louse belongs to which body part? |
The abdomen (paired spiracles) |
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How many segments does the abdomen of lice have? |
9 segments (11 in the notes) |
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Blood sucking lice of cat is called? |
trick question cats and birds don't have sucking lice |
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Which species have one blood sucking and one chewing louse |
Horse, goat, dog |
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Blood sucking louse of dogs? |
Linognathos setosus |
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Where does the blood sucking lice lay her eggs? |
Fur |
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Blood sucking louse of cattle |
Solenoptes capilatus |
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Which species only has one blood sucking louse? |
Swine - haematopinus suis |
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How can humans be infected with bed bugs? |
by chickens or dirty travellers |
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Which species causes anaemia |
cimex lectularis dermanysus gallinae they talked about sandfly causing anaemia but I find this dubious |
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The Tumbu fly (Cordylobia anthropophaga) is attracted by what? |
faeces and urine its a blow fly |
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What does flea infestation of cats cause |
FAD (flea allergy dermatitis) which leads to miliary dermatitis FAD also occurs in dogs |
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Developmental stages of the flea |
Egg, larvae, pupae, adult this is holometamorphosis |
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Name the flea affecting dogs |
Ctenocephalides canis or Ctenocephalides felis |
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Which pupa does the but have? |
None, it does epimorphosis |
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On what does the male bug feed?
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Blood |
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What do the bugs lay? |
Egg This hatches leading to 5 nymph stages before the final moult to adult |
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Where does cimex lectularis occur cosmopolitan endemic regionally arctic |
Cosmopolitan apparently |
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How often does cimex lectularis suck blood during its development? |
at least once per moult (maybe the expected answer is only once per moult?) |
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What can be transmitted by the bed bugs? |
Nothing Hepatitis under experimental conditions |
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Where do you find the proboscis of bugs |
ventrally on the head |
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Proglottids are produced by? |
Cestodes |
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Demodex treatment in different species |
Horse - pyrethroids or doramectic Cat - peroral ivermectin (1mg/day for ten weeks) Dog - Amitraz, ivermectin, milbemycin, antibiotics (cephalosporin or enrofloxacin) |
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What belongs to alveolata? |
Apicomplexa Chromerida Ciliophora Dinoflagellata |
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Which fluke causes caverns in the liver? |
Fascioloides magna (large american liver fluke or deer fluke) |
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Where does haemoproteus develop? |
In the vector over 1-2 weeks? |
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What are the vectors of haemoproteus? |
Culicoides or Hippoboscidae |
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Which group does encephalitozoon belong to? |
Phylum microspora, fungi |
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Which mites live on the epidermis rather than in it? |
Males rarely burrow |
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What is the speed of development for galactogenic infection compared to percutaneous infection of strongyloides in cattle |
galactogenic is 6 days per cutan is 9 days in pigs g - 3, c -6 |
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How does a galactogenic infection of strongyloides happen? |
hypobiotic larvae reactivate and charge?? |
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Galactogenic infection of strongyloides happen? |
following a cutaneous infection |
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What is the infective stage of Amidostonum? |
L3 in water (egg is found in faeces) |
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Life cycle of angiostrongylus vasorum? |
The french heart worm Egg containing L1 laid to pulmonary arteriole L1 hatches, is coughed up and swallowed is found in faeces IM is mollusc where L3 develops Carnivore ingests mollusc Goes to messenteric LN where L5 developes goes to right ventricle and pulmonary arteries via hepatoportal circulation or messenteric LN adult develops |
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Thelaziosis in cattle and horse? |
Cattle - Thelazia gulosa, T. skrjabini, T. rhodesi Horse - T. lacrymalis Dog - T. calipaeda, T. californiensis |
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Where is acanthocephalosis found? |
Mostly small intestine but also caecum and colon |
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How does Diphylobotrium latum infect? |
Per os - by raw fish |
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How many larval stages do flukes usually have? |
usually 5 |
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Which species is mostly affected by D. hominis |
Cattle (and deer) primarily a disease of humans |
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Which of these species is not found in central or south america? Surra Mal de caderas Chagas None of the above |
None of the above |
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Which stage is found in which intermediate? |
Snails (fluke): Mi-Spo-Re-Ce Crustacean(D. latum): Coracidium, Procercoid Fish (D. latum): procercoid, plerocercoid Ant: Ce- metace |
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What is the size and shape of a Naeglaria cyst |
uninucleated, osteolum, round, 10-12um |
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The body parts affected by K. mutans? |
Legs, wings, face |
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Disease caused by K. mutans and who does it affect? |
Scaly leg of birds |
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Dosage of Ivermectin for pig? |
0.3 mg/kg |
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Which is found in the deer? |
Large american liver fluke (F. magna) |
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Who does hammondiosis effect? |
Hammondia hammondi - IM is mouse, FH is cat Hammondia heydorni - IM is dog, Ru, guinea pig, FH is dog |
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Who has a bent head? |
The hook worms - Ancylostoma, Uncinaria, Bunostomum |
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Main sign of mal de caderas? |
hindlimb paralysis |
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Where is Schistosoma mansomi found? |
tropical Africa and South America
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What is the sheep ked? |
Melophagus ovinus |
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Where do the adult tsetse flies develop |
On the ground |
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Which fly is obligate myiasis causing? |
W. magnifica, Cochliomyia homnivorax, Chrysomma bezziana, Cordylobia anthropophaga |
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Licensed drug for dogs? |
Ivermectin, avermectin |
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Species causing non pathogenic infection in dog? |
T. equinum |
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Symptoms of naglaeria fowleri in humans? |
Acute rhinitis, hedache, nausea, vomit, PAM, |
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Latin name of the sandlfly |
Phlebotomus - old world Lutzomyia - New world |
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Cysticercus ovis affects which organs? |
Heart, diaphragm, muscles, CT, brain, eye |
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Hosts of ollulanosis |
felids (occasionally dog, fox, pig) |
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Strongyloides females are? |
Viviparous (unsure about S. stercoralis) |
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Vector of oncocercosis |
Primarily the blackfly (simmulidae) Also ceratopogonidae? |
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Treatment of mange in the cat? |
Imidacloprid + moxidecting (100% efficacy) Doramectic, Ivermectin, Selamectin (off label) Carbamate + pyrethroides should be considered . . . |
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Treatment of mange in Horse? |
Ivermectin |
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Treatment of mage in Ruminants? |
Moxidectin |
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Isospora is |
Homoxenous (+/- paratenic hosts) |
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Hepatozoon americanum development? |
Sexual development occurs in the tick dog aquires the infection by ingesting the tick, merogony occurs in lymphatic organs (onion cysts) it invades leukocytes where gametogony occurs |
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What kind of development do mites have? |
Hemimetamorphosis |
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Hyostrongylus causes? |
ulcerative catarrhal gastritis, weight loss, diarrhoea, agalactica |
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Next stage following cercaria in lifecycle of flukes? |
Metacercaria (fusocercariae in Schistosomatidosis) |
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Which one doesn't occur in the muscle? |
Cysticercus ovis - (T. multiceps) - brain Cysticercus pisiformis - (T. pisiformis) - liver/omentum Taeniaeformis cysticercosis - (T. taeniaformis) liver of cats (ro is IH) |
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M. hirundinaceus occurs in |
Stomach, small intestine, sometimes large intestine |
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Shape and size of blastocystiosis cyst? |
3-6um, elongated ovoid |
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Trichomonas vaginalis affects? |
Women, asymptomatic in males preterm abortion Can occur in neonates |
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What do you find in the faeces of a pig with hyostrongylus infection? |
embryonated egg |
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How to treat demodex in cats |
lime sulphur dips, ivermectin, milbemycin, |
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How many intermediate hosts are there of strongylosis |
none |
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Which never drinks blood? |
cestodes |
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Which statement about the tsetse fly is false? |
They are ovoviparous |
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Which causes traumatic myiasis in europe? |
Lucilla caesar, L. sericata, W. magnifica, C. bezziana |
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What size is, and where do you find hepatozoon? |
Gamonts are 8-12 um in wbc's |
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Nasal mite is |
obligate heteroxenous |
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Which species does the thorny headed worm not infect? sheep dog pig man |
sheep |
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What biological vector does the salivaria type of trypanosima have? |
tsetse fly nb T. evansi is tabanus |
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What is the correct group of the nasal mite? |
Mesostigmata |
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Shape and contents of acanthocephala egg? |
almond/spindle 100um contains ancanthor (L1) |
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Which species are pathogenically affected by klossielosis |
equidae and mouse K. equi and K. muris |
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What is true about the scolex? |
Used for attachment |
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What do male mosquitoes eat? |
plant nectar fruit juices |
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Which species can shed hammondia oocysts |
cats and dogs |
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which species sheds hammondia hammondi oocysts |
cats (dogs shed heydorni) |
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Location of tritrichomonas? |
US prevalence in certain states South america |
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Name a nematode found in the bladder of dogs |
Capillaria plica |
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Uncinaria stenocephala is found in the cat true or false? |
True (also the dog) |
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Diagnosis of dirofilaria |
modified knott method |
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Number of intermediate hosts in Alaria alata |
2 snail and tadpole |
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What has eggs similar to ascaridia galli? |
Heterakis gallinarum |
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name three tapeworms causing hepatic cysticercosis |
Cysticercus pisiformis Cysticercus tenuicolis Cystiercus fasciolaris Alveolar cyst Hydatid cyst |
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Proudman/brown method is used to detect? |
Anoplocephala |
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What has one chewing and one blood sucking louse? |
dog, horse, goat |
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What is the infective form of hepatozoon canis? |
Oocyst found in the tick |
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What causes east coast fever? |
Theileria parva AKA Mediterranean theileriosis |
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What is the highly pathogenic coccidian of rabbits and where does it occur? |
E. flavescens occuring in the caecum E. intestinalis in the ileum |
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Sheep eimeria and what they cause in the intestines? |
E. ovinoidalis is most pathogenic causing caecal and colonal thickenings and haemorrhage E. ahsata, E. bakuensis, E. crandallis, E. parva answer is foci in the ileum (apparently) |
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Acanthomoeba moorphology |
uninucleate cyst, polygonal (stellate) double wall |
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general signs of trichomonas in pigeons |
penguin like posture |
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The vector of T. brucei playes and important role as the |
biological vector |
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Species of mites infecting dogs? |
Sarcoptes scabei, Linognathos setosus |
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Which of these can infest humans? |
S. scabei, Wolfhartia, Ct. felis |
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Male and female tabanus flies feed on blood true or false? |
False, only females take blood meals |
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Keds are |
viviparous (L3) |
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Musca flies like the faces of |
horses and cattle |
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Sheep blow flies |
Lucilia sericata (common green bottlefly) Lucilia cuprina (australian sheep blowfly) |
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Elisa test is used to detect? |
hypoderma bovis |
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Can cats be infected with echinoccocus multilocularis |
No, cats can be infected by echinococcus alveolaris |
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What is the final host of Railletina species? |
birds (IM are beetles, ants and flies) |
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Cooperia can be found in |
small intestine of sheep and cattle |
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Passalurus lays |
eggs containing the infective l3 |
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Size of E. granulosus and final host |
0.3-0.6cm dogs and other carnivores |
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Causes of gastroenteritis in lagomorphs? |
Gasterophilus strigosum and trichostrongylus retortaeformis |
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Female oestrus ovis is |
Viviparous she squirts larvae into the nostrils of sheep |
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Female blow flies are |
oviparous |
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What parasite can be found in the lig. nuchae of horses? |
Onchocercus cervicalis |
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What causes tromdidiosis? |
The larva of Neotrombicula autumnalis |
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Tapeworm life cycle |
Heterogenic development |
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Helminth with anterior end found in gastric cryps? |
ollulanosis |
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Two helminths that produce bullae? |
Acanthocephala syngamus |
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Morphology of Acanthocephala? |
anterior circlet of tiny hooks |
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Autoinfection of strongyloides occurs in? |
Humand and dogs?? |
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Cause of river blindness? |
Ochocerca volvulus |
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Which helminth does not have a rediae? |
blood fluke, lanceolate fluke |
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Which worms can't be treated with mebendazole or levamisole? |
strongyloides |
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Worm species not to be mixed up with habronema concerning their lesions? |
Parafilaria |
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How many moults do Wolfhartia species do before leaving the wound |
female lays larva to wound
they feed on the flesh and moult twice before dropping to the floor to pupate (Holometamorphosis) |
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Pest to mink and fox farming industry in north America |
Wolfhartia meigeni (also W. vigil) |
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Coccidian species of the cat? |
Isospora felis, I. rivolta |
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Coccidian species of the dog? |
Isospora ohioensis, I. burrowsi, I. canis |
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Species not directly affecting mammals? |
Dermatobia (eggs must be vectored by mosquitoes and muscoid flies) |
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Latin name of the face fly? |
Musca autumnalis |
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Cheyletiella species |
C. yasguri - dog C. blakei - cat (zoonoses) C. parsitovorax - rabbit |
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Which breed of dog is predisposed to subclinical babesiosis? |
German shepherd |
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What dog breeds are more resistant to clinical babesiosis? |
fox terrier, beagle |
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What dog breeds are more predisposed to clinical babesiosis? |
doberman, pekingese, yorki, irish setter, spaniel (may only be bold answers) |
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Tick transmitting large babesia in eq? |
Dermacentaul marginalis (B. caballi) |
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Not a clinical sign of babesiosis in horse? |
Haemaglobinuria |
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Hypoderma bovis can occur in horse true or false? |
True |
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Diagnosis of Leishmania? |
Demonstate amastigote in smears or scrapings Biopsy of LN, liver, spleen, bone marrow, skin giemsa staining serological methods PCR |
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Which part consistently found in sporulated eimeria ooysts is missing from sporulated isospora oocysts? |
Steida body? |
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The amastigote of trypanosoma cruzi occurs in? |
they say macrophage, I think its just somatic cells |
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Method of detecting drug resistance in the field? |
FECRT Faecal egg count reduction test |
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What can be found in the faeces of a cat with lungworm? What is the infective form? |
L1 L3 in the mollusc |
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What is the name and length of the lung worm in cats? |
1cm aerulostrongylus abstrusus |
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PP of parafilariosis? |
>6mo (11-13mo) |
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Infection with oesophogostomum species? |
L3 per os |
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Aerulostrongylus abstrusus female is? |
Ovoviviparous |
