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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Digitization |
the process of converting text, numbers, sound, photos, and video into data that can be processed by digital devices |
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Computer Network |
a group of computers linked together to share data and resources |
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Internet |
a global computer network originally developed as a military project |
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Web |
(WWW) a collection of linked documents, graphics, and sounds, that can be accessed over the Internet |
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Cloud Computing |
provides access to information, applications, communications, and storage over the Internet |
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Convergence |
a process by which several technologies with distinct functionalities evolve to form a single product |
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Memory |
an area of a computer that temporarily holds data waiting to be processed, stored, or output |
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Storage |
an area where data can be left on a permanent basis when it is not immediately needed for processing |
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File |
a named collection of data that exists on a storage medium (hard disk/CD/DVD/flash drive) |
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Workstation |
ordinary personal computer that is connected to a network |
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Programming Languages |
C, BASIC, COBOL, Java |
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PIN |
something the user knows |
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Sniiffing |
intercepts information sent out over computer networks |
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Phishing |
a hacker poses as legitimate representative of an official organization in order to persuade you to disclose highly confidential information |
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Upstream Speed |
rate of data that is uploaded from your computer to the Internet |
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Downstream Speed |
the rate of data downloaded to your computer |
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DSL |
a high-speed, digital, always-on, Internet access technology that runs over standard phone lines |
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DSL modem |
a device that connects a computer to a telephone line and converts computer data signals into signals compatible with DSL |
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WiMAX |
Ethernet-compatible network whose popularity is growing (alternative to wired technologies/DSL) |
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3G |
digital transmission for both voice and data |
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Grid Computing System |
a network of computers harnessed together to perform processing tasks |
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P2P File Sharing |
allows users to obtain files from other users located anywhere on the Internet |
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BitTorrent |
a file sharing protocol that distributes the role of a file server across a collection of dispersed computers |
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Firewall |
software or hardware designed to filter out suspicious packets attempting to enter or leave a computer |
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Sound Card |
a device that contains a variety of input and output jacks, plus audio-processing circuitry |
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Bitmap Graphic |
composed of dots; a scanner converts a printed image into bitmap graphic; can be easily modified; resolution (high=more data); a collection of data; always will keep the same resolution |
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Cropping |
selecting part of an image |
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Pixelation |
strong curved or diagonal lines; quality deteriorated |
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Vector Graphic |
consists of a set of instructions for re-creating a picture; require less storage space; cartoon-like appearance; separate layers easily; maintain smooth edges after changing the size of picture |
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Gradient |
smooth blending of shades from one color to another color (from light to dark) |
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Rasterization |
superimposing a grid over a vector image and determining the color for each pixel |
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Rendering |
process of covering a wireframe with surface color and texture |
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Linear Editing |
recording segments from one videotape to another tape |
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Nonlinear Editing |
requires a hard disk and video editing software |
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Codec |
is the software that compresses a video stream when a video is stored, and decompresses the file when the video is played |
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Abacus |
manual calculator (ancient) |
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Prototype |
an experimental device that must be further developed and perfected before going into production and becoming wildly available |
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First-Generation Computers |
use of vacuum tubes (one-two states) to store individual bits of data |
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Second-Generation Computers |
used transistors (regulate current or voltage flow and act as a switch for electronic signals |
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Third-Generation Computers |
minicomputers |
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Fourth-Generation Computers |
microprocessors |
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Computer Industry |
encompasses those companies that manufacture computers and computer components |
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IT Industry |
refers to the companies that develop, produce, sell, or support computers, software, and computer-related products |
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Alpha Test |
first phase of testing; carried out by the software publisher's in-house testing team |
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Beta Test |
second phase of testing; carried out by a team of off-site testers |
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Systems Analyst |
investigates the requirements of a business or an organization, its employees, and its customers in order to plan and implement new or improved computer services |
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Computer Programmer |
designs, codes, and tests computer programs |
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Database Administrator |
analyzes a company's data to determine the most effective way to collect and store it |
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Computer Engineer |
designs and tests new hardware products (computer chips) |
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Information System |
collects, stores, and processes data to provide useful, accurate, and timely information, typically within the context of an orginization |
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Tactical Planning |
incremental goals that can be achieved in a year or less |
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Ad Hoc Report |
a customized report generated to supply specific information not available in scheduled reports |
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Analysis Phase |
produce a list of requirements for a new or revised information system |
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Design Phase |
select software and hardware; figure out how the new system will fulfill the requirements necessary |
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Implementation Phase |
create and test applications; purchase and install hardware/software |
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Maintenance Phase |
operate equipment; make backups; most expensive and longest |
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Deterrents |
ex. passwords |
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Corrective Procedures |
ex. data backups |
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Detection Activities |
ex. antivirus software (recognizes attacks) |
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Database |
collection of information
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Data Mining |
computer algorithms that analyze information to discover previously unknown yet useful information |
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Data Warehouse |
data from more than one database |
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Record |
collection of data fields |
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Field |
contains the smallest unit of meaningful information |
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Text Data Type |
hold names; titles |
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Memo Data Type |
holds comments |
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Logical Data Type |
holds yes/no, true/false information |
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Data Redundency |
amount of data that is duplicated in a database |