Cns Primer - 2C Medicinal Plants (Romilly)

Front 1

Agrimony - what part of the plant is used?

Back 1

Entire plant, including roots.

Front 2

Agrimony - uses?

Back 2

Diuretic and astringent therapy for sore throats, kidney stones and jaundice.

Front 3

Agrimony - latin names?

Back 3

Agrimonia gryposepala and agrimonia eupatoria

Front 4

Aletris - latin name, common name?

Back 4

Aletris farinose, whitetube stargrass

Front 5

Aletris - part of plant used?

Back 5

Leaves, as poultice. Liquid from boiled roots.

Front 6

Aletris root - uses?

Back 6

Relieve breast soreness (leaf poultice). Relieve stomch pains, anxiety,, edema (boiled root liquid).

Front 7

Alfalfa latin name?

Back 7

Medicago sativa

Front 8

Alfalfa use?

Back 8

Powdered leaves have been mixed with cider vinegar as a tonic beverage

Front 9

Aloe vera - latin name?

Back 9

Aloe vera, aloe barbadensis

Front 10

Hoe does aloe exert its effects on the colon?

Back 10

1,8 dihydroxyanthacene derivatives, which are water soluble extracts from the leaves, are converted by endogenous/bacterial enzymes in the colon into aloe-emodin anthrone which irritates the colonic mucosa and stimulates peristalsis. = laxative

Front 11

What is the danger of chronic use of aloe vera as a laxative?

Back 11

Weight loss, electrolyte imbalance and dehydration due to increased transit time, reduced nutrient absorption and increased water loss through feces. Damage to colonic epithelium and mucosa.

Front 12

Any contraindications of aloe vera?

Back 12

Pregnancy. May trigger reflex stimulation of uterine muscle.

Front 13

What is the use of aloe vera topically?

Back 13

Accelerates healing of small skin lacerations and first-degree sunburn.

Front 14

Angelica - latin names?

Back 14

Angelica atropurpurea, angelica archangelica

Front 15

Angelica - what part used? and for what?

Back 15

Dried seeds: relief of flatulence, UTI, inappetance, fever.

Root preparations: induce vomiting and perspiration and for toothache, bronchitis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, fever, hypomenorrhea

Front 16

Anise - latin name?

Back 16

Pimpinella anisum

Front 17

Anise - member of what food family?

Back 17

Carrot (apiaciae?)

Front 18

Anise - uses and how used?

Back 18

Hot tea brewed from seeds may relieve flatulence, colic, cough, bronchitis and oral inflammation

Front 19

Arnica - latin and other names?

Back 19

Arnica montana, leopard's bane, mountain tobacco, mountain daisy, wolf's bane

Front 20

Arnica uses

Back 20

Creams made from decoctions of dried flowers are the most common homeopathic tx for muscle strain and soreness.

Front 21

What is the FDA-approved use of arnica?

Back 21

Flavoring agent for alcoholic beverages.

Front 22

Asefatida - use?

Back 22

Gummy resin from roots used as antispasmodic, and, worn in a bag around the neck, to 'ward off' influenza and common cold.

Pardon me???

Front 23

Astragalus - other names?

Back 23

Huang-Qi, astragalus mebranaceus

Front 24

What are the active constituents of astragalus root?

Back 24

triterpene glycosides, saponins, beta-sitosterol, LCFAs, isoflavonoids, polysaccharides

Front 25

Uses of astragalus?

Back 25

Antiviral, antioxidant, fibrinolytic, hepatoprotective and immunostimulatory.

May also reverse drug or alcohol-induced memory impairment, increase cardiac output and improve GI smooth muscle tone and motility.

RH - what about adaptogenic, adrenal etc?

Front 26

Use of bacopa monniera?

Back 26

reduction of anxiety, mental fatigue, nervousness and irritability. Increases concentration, short term memory and feeling of wellbeing.

Front 27

Bayberry alternative nmes?

Back 27

Southern Wax Myrtlye, Myrica cerifera

Front 28

Bayberry part of plant used and preparation

Back 28

Decoction of root bark and fluid from boiled leaves

Front 29

Bayberry root bark uses?

Back 29

Treat uterine hemorrhage, jaundice, dysentery, canker sores.

Front 30

Bayberry fluid from boiled leaves, uses?

Back 30

Treat fever and intestinal parasites

Front 31

Bearberry alternative names

Back 31

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

Front 32

Uva ursi preparation

Back 32

Fluid from boiled leaves

Front 33

Uses of uva ursi

Back 33

Diuretic and to treat strains, stomach pains, incontinence and inflammation from contact with poison oak.

Front 34

Bee pollen uses

Back 34

May confer some protection against radiation injury.

Front 35

Bee pollen negative effects

Back 35

Individuals allergic/sensitive to bees may develop pruritis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, bronchospasm and anaphylaxis.

Individuals not allergic/sensitive to bees may develop hypereosinophilia, memory loss, headaches, nausea or diarrhea.

Front 36

Black cohosh scientific name?

Back 36

Cimicifuga racemosa

Front 37

Black cohosh preparation?

Back 37

Decoctions from rhizomes and roots

Front 38

Uses of black cohosh?

Back 38

Treat sore throat, RA, kidney infections, PMS symptoms.

Front 39

Black currant seed oil active constituents

Back 39

GLA and ALA

Front 40

Uses of black currant seed oil

Back 40

Anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic. But is not hypocholesteremic. Caution with anticoagulant meds.

Front 41

What is Juglans nigra

Back 41

Black walnut

Front 42

Uses of black walnut inner bark?

Back 42

Mild laxative

Front 43

Uses of black walnut husk of nut

Back 43

Treating intestinal parasites, ulcers, syphilis, and fungal infections

Front 44

Uses of black walnut leaves?

Back 44

Infestation of bedbugs.

Front 45

Blackberry tea uses

Back 45

Tx of nasal catarrh, dysentry

Front 46

What is Cnicus benedictus?

Back 46

Blessed thistle

Front 47

Uses of blessed thistle leaves/flower tops

Back 47

Tx of cancer and respiratory infections, to induce sweating and urination and to reduce fever.

Front 48

What do blessed thistle seeds do?

Back 48

Induce vomiting

Front 49

Uses of boneset?

Back 49

Tx symptoms of common cold and malaria

Front 50

What is borago officinalis?

Back 50

Borage

Front 51

What part of the borage plant is used?

Back 51

Oil from leaves

Front 52

What is borage leaf oil used for?

Back 52

GLA in oil increases sweating, diuretic, sooths intestinal cramps, reduces swelling

Front 53

What is a tincture of dried buchu leaves used for?

Back 53

Tx genital and urinary tract infections, indigestion, edema and diabetes.

Front 54

What part of buckthorn is used as a laxative?

Back 54

Bark and berries

Front 55

Burdock root uses?

Back 55

Tx coughs, asthma, stomach ache, and to stimulate menstruation

Front 56

Calamus roots uses?

Back 56

Clear phlegm and ease stomach gas and cramps

Front 57

What is catnip used for?

Back 57

Tx colds, nervous disorders, stomach ailments, respiratory ailments, swelling, infant colic and hives

Front 58

What is the common name for nepeta cataria that is used to tx infant colic and hives?

Back 58

Catnip

Front 59

What part of cat's claw is used?

Back 59

root (extract)

Front 60

Uses of cat's claw?

Back 60

Anti-inflammatory, inhibits platelet aggregation. Antihypertensive (maybe)

Front 61

Use of Cayenne?

Back 61

Hyperemic and reduces pain

Front 62

Uses of celery seeds?

Back 62

Diuretic, sedative, flatulence suppressant

Front 63

What is Anthemis nobilis

Back 63

Chamomile

Front 64

Part of chamomile plant used?

Back 64

leaves and flowers - powdered and mixed with boiling water. Tea from leaves

Front 65

Uses of chamomile

Back 65

Powdered leaves/flowers - stimulates stomach motility, decreases nervousness, stimulates menstrual flow and relieves pain. Tea from leaves - soothing and harmless.

Front 66

WHat is vitex agnus-castus

Back 66

Chaste tree

Front 67

Effects of Chaste Tree

Back 67

Inhibit FSH, prolactin secretion and lactation

Front 68

Chickweed uses

Back 68

Treat sores, ulcers, infections, hemmorhoids

Front 69

Chicory uses

Back 69

Increases appetite, relieves dyspepsia.

Front 70

Chives uses

Back 70

Antihelmitic properties (claimed)

Front 71

Chlorella properties

Back 71

Anticarcinogenic, immunostimulatory, hypolipidemic. May increase gastric mucosal resistance to irritant stimuli. Side effects of 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy may be attenuated

Front 72

Cinnamon - part of plant used

Back 72

Bark, liquid extract

Front 73

Cinnamon active constituent

Back 73

Cinnmaldehyde, also cinnzeylanin and cinnceylanol

Front 74

Cinnamon health properties

Back 74

Antibacterial, antifungal, insecticide

Front 75

What is sygyzium aromaticum?

Back 75

Clove

Front 76

Uses of clove?

Back 76

Promote salivation and gastric secretion, reduce abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting and relieve arthritis, lumbago, toothache, muscle cramps and neuralgia

Front 77

Colt's foot uses

Back 77

Contains mucin that reduces inflammation of throat.

Front 78

What potential harmful substance is contained in Colt's food?

Back 78

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids - carcinogenic and hepatoxic

Front 79

Comfrey uses

Back 79

Suppresses leukocyte infiltration during acute inflammation.

Used to treat pneumonia, coughs, diarrhea, osteoporosis, colds, sores, ulcers, arthritis, gallstones, headaches, hemorrhoids, gout, burns, kidney stones, anemia, tuberculosis

Front 80

What is taraxacum officinale?

Back 80

Dandelion

Front 81

Use of dandelion root

Back 81

Diuretic, laxative, stimulator of bile acid secretion and appetite stimulant.

Front 82

Ecchinacea root uses

Back 82

Immunostimulatory

Front 83

Eucalyptus uses

Back 83

Antiseptic, accelerate wound healing

Front 84

Eyebright uses

Back 84

Whooping cough, asthma, epilepsy, pneumonia, hysteria (?????? RH), convulsions

Front 85

Fennel uses

Back 85

Carminative, reduce flatulence, relieve intestinal cramps. stimulate bile.

Front 86

Fenugreek seeds uses

Back 86

Poultice for wounds, gargle for tx of sore throats. Ingestion of whole seeds is hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic

Front 87

What is tanacetum parthenium?

Back 87

Feverfew

Front 88

Uses of Feverfew

Back 88

anti-inflammatory, inhibits platelet aggregation and prostaglandin synthesis. Alleviates headaches, arthritis, allergies

Front 89

What is linseed?

Back 89

Flax

Front 90

Uses of ground flaxseed

Back 90

Poultice for use on burns, boils, carbuncles, and sores.

Front 91

what is allium sativum

Back 91

garlic

Front 92

Uses of garlic

Back 92

Expulsion of parasites, treat coughs, hoarseness, asthma. Antimicrobial, antiviral, hypolipidemic and fibrinolytic, increases intracellular glutathione, anti-platelet thromboxane formation and increases cytotoxicity of NK cells

Front 93

Constituents of garlic, and what they are converted to upon exposure to air

Back 93

Alliin, converted to allicin.

Front 94

What enzyme does allicin inhibit

Back 94

HMG-CoA reductase

Front 95

Any adverse reactions to garlic?

Back 95

Headache, nausea, vomiting and feeling of fullness

Front 96

What is zingiber officionale

Back 96

Ginger

Front 97

Ginger uses

Back 97

- Expectorant, anti-flatulence, common colds, sore throats (rhizomes)

- Protects gastric mucosa against HCL-ethanol erosive damage and NSAID ulceration (root acetone extracts)

- Cholagogic effect, increased pancreatic enzyme secretion, increases gastric motility

Reduces morning sickness

Front 98

Properties of ginkgo biloba

Back 98

antioxidant, antiplatelet activating factor, cerebrovasodilatory, neuroreceptor modulating and pro-lipolytic activities.

Front 99

Any cautions with ginkgo biloba?

Back 99

No known coagulants but may potentiate anticoagulants

Front 100

What is panax quinquefolia

Back 100

ginseng

Front 101

Ginseng root uses

Back 101

Stimulant and in tx of convulsions, dizziness, vomiting, colds, fevers, headaches and arthritis.

Stimulates lipolysis and accelerates cellular uptake of glucose.

Front 102

Goldenseal active constituent

Back 102

Berberine

Front 103

Goldenseal uses

Back 103

Fluid from roots - appetite stimulant

Powdered root - open lacerations

Inhibits growth of pathogenic bacteria

Reduces blood pressure

Anticoagulatn

Front 104

Gymnema sylvestre uses

Back 104

Inhibition of dietary glucose absorption.

Attenuates postprandial hyperglycemia (via pro-insulin secretion)

Front 105

What is crataegus oxycantha?

Back 105

Hawthorn

Front 106

Hawthorn uses?

Back 106

Increase coronary blood flow, mildly antiarrhythmic, may alleviate angina pectoris and other heart conditions, and reverse atherosclerosis

Front 107

Hemlock uses?

Back 107

None. Poisonous.

Front 108

What is humulus lupulus?

Back 108

Hops

Front 109

Hops uses?

Back 109

For anxiety, insomnia, fever, parasites. As poultice for boils.

Front 110

What components of horehound stimulate gastric/bile acids?

Back 110

Bitter marrubiin and premarrubiin

Front 111

Huckleberry uses

Back 111

Decoctions - sore throat and diarrhea

Front 112

Juniper berries properties/uses

Back 112

Diuretic, induce menstruation, relieve gas, tx intestinal parasites and snake bite

Front 113

Kava kava contraindications

Back 113

Clinical depression

Front 114

Lemon balm uses

Back 114

Carminative, diaphoretic, ferbrifuge, mild sedative

Front 115

What is Melissa officinalis?

Back 115

Lemon balm

Front 116

What is Glycyrrhiza lepidota?

Back 116

Licorice

Front 117

Ephedra cautions

Back 117

Many individuals respond with hypertension and tachycardia

Front 118

Marshmallow uses

Back 118

Alleviates local irritation, stimulates phagocytosis, accelerates glucose uptake, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulatory. Used for cough remedies and gargle for mouth/throat

Front 119

What is silybum marianum?

Back 119

Milk thistle

Front 120

Active constituent of milk thistle?

Back 120

Silymarin

Front 121

T/F milk thistle increases glutathione synthesis

Back 121

T

Front 122

Up to what amount of milk thistle has not shown to have adverse effects?

Back 122

500 mg d

Front 123

Motherwort uses

Back 123

Stimulant and diuretic

Front 124

Mullein flower oil uses

Back 124

Tx earache

Front 125

What is muristica fragrans?

Back 125

Nutmeg

Front 126

What fruit contains proteolytic enzymes

Back 126

Papaya

Front 127

What part of parsley has diuretic effect

Back 127

Root

Front 128

Passion flower tea uses?

Back 128

Induce sleep

Front 129

Peppermint uses

Back 129

Relieve pain, nausea, headache, may be antiviral

Front 130

Plantain seed uses

Back 130

Laxative

Front 131

Plantain fruit effects?

Back 131

Hypocholesterolemic

Front 132

What are cucurbita pepo?

Back 132

Pumpkin seeds

Front 133

What seeds contain delta-7-sterols that mimic dihydrotestosterone and may reduce prostate hyperplasia?

Back 133

pumpkin

Front 134

What is trifolium pratense

Back 134

Red clover

Front 135

T/F sage is a member of th emint family?

Back 135

T

Front 136

Sage properties (Whole leaf extract)?

Back 136

Antibacterial, fungistatic, virostatic and inhibits perspiration.

Front 137

Sarsaparilla root properties

Back 137

Diuretic, irritates urinary tract, aphrodisiac (maybe)

Front 138

Sassafras root bark caution?

Back 138

Contains carcinogenic oils

RH - note the controversy is over safrole, which when fed in massive qties to animals induced liver cancer. But safrole is also in cinnamon and nutmeg

Front 139

What is serenoa serrulata

Back 139

Saw Palmetto

RH: was it not serenoa repens in our botanicals course? Must be going mad.

Front 140

Saw Palmetto effects?

Back 140

Inibit dihydrotestosterone binding to prostate cells, and conversion of testosterone to a factor trophic for the prostate. Inhibits bening prostatic hyperplasia.