Clinical Psych Chapter 11 Part 2 Of Class

Front 1

Hans Esenck

Back 1

Published a study in 1952 saying therapy was useless

his findings have been overturned but it inspired decades of research on therapy outcomes

Front 2

Who, when, and how should researchers ask

Back 2

Tripartite model by Hans Strupp

- Client
- Therapist
- Third Parties

Ratings by any of these three can be informative and biased

Front 3

Tripartite model (society)

Back 3

Maintenance of social relations, institutions and prevailing standards of sanctioned conduct

Mental health is defined in this perception through: behavioral stability, predictability, and conformity to the social code

Front 4

Tripartite model (individual)

Back 4

Individual level is concerned about your level of happiness and subjective sense of well being

Front 5

Tripartite model (mental health professionals perspective)

Back 5

Personality structure and defining mental health in terms of a theoretical model of a healthy personality

Front 6

Hans Strupp and Outcome Assessment

Back 6

What defines a desirable outcome? is a divorce necessarily bad for somebody? Is being less hard working bad for somebody?

The definition of good outcome is shakey in Hans Strupp model

Front 7

When and How with Tripartite model

Back 7

When is the best time to ask questions? And how is the best way to ask them?

The when and how you ask a question can affect the answer and outcome

Front 8

Efficacy vs. Effectiveness (efficacy)

Back 8

Efficacy: The extent to which psychotherapy works in the lab
- in controlled outcome studies
- manualized therapy or not
- diagnostic criteria client meets
Better internal than external validity

Front 9

Efficacy vs. Effectiveness (effectiveness)

Back 9

Effectiveness: the extent to which psychotherapy works in the real world

- depends on therapists methods
- depends on clients issue and diagnosis
- better external than internal validity for effectiveness

Front 10

Results of Efficacy/effectiveness studies

Back 10

Psychotherapy works

Hundreds of meta analyses and thousands of individuals support this

average person getting therapy is 80% better off than those who do not (long lasting too)

Front 11

Alternate ways to measure psychotherapy outcome

Back 11

FMRI, PET scan, neuroimaging, etc.

- therapy changes the brain

Medical cost offset

- successful therapy reduces later medical costs

Front 12

what is the best psychotherapy

Back 12

different therapies are equally effective ( the dodo bird effect)

Front 13

Why are different therapies equally effective?

Back 13

Common factors: shared fundamental elements of therapy (are active ingredients of all therapy)

- therapeutic relationship/alliance
- Hope
- Attention

Three step model of common factors:
- support, learning, and action factors (support leads to a willingness to learn which leads to taking action)

Front 14

Equality of therapy types has not gone unchallenged

Back 14

some researchers argue that some specific disorders cannot be treated by some types of therapy (cognitive and schizophrenia)

Outcome studies using manualized treatments for specific disorders can lead to a prescriptive approach
(certain therapies are a treatment of choice for certain disorders)

Front 15

What kinds of therapy are being practiced?

Back 15

eclectic/integrative therapy was the most popular until 2010 (cognitive is now #1)

Psychodynamic has declined since the 60's

Front 16

What format of psychotherapy is practiced?

Back 16

Individualized is most common
also:
- group
- family
- marital

Front 17

Future of psychotherapy

Back 17

A rise in:

cognitive/behavioral
Culturally sensitive
eclectic/integrative
evidence based

Front 18

Eclectic/integrative

Back 18

Multiple Approaches

eclectic involves looking for best treatment for a given client based on empirical data from studies similar to client

Integrative involves blending approaches in order to create a hybrid