Civics Chapter 7

Front 1

The two kinds of cases that courts hear are

Back 1

criminal and civil cases

Front 2

The judicial branch was created by

Back 2

Article III

Front 3

In which of the following would federal courts have jurisdiction?

Back 3

disputes between two states

Front 4

Which court in the federal system has responsibility for determining the facts of a case?

Back 4

district court

Front 5

What kinds of trials do district courts hold?

Back 5

They hold both criminal and civil trials

Front 6

Which of the following is an appeals court allowed to do?

Back 6

reverse a lower court decision

Front 7

What does it mean when a judge uses precedent to arrive at an opinion?

Back 7

The judge relies heavily on previous opinions in similar cases

Front 8

In a criminal case, if an accused person is judged innocent

Back 8

*

Front 9

How many circuit courts are found in the United States?

Back 9

13

Front 10

Which of the following can limit the power of the Supreme Court?

Back 10

congressional legislation

Front 11

The Supreme Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson reflected Americans' approval of

Back 11

segregation

Front 12

What did the Judiciary Act of 1789 establish?

Back 12

federal district courts and circuit courts of appeals

Front 13

Federal judges are given tenure so that they

Back 13

will not be subject to political influences

Front 14

Which group prosecutes people accused of breaking federal laws?

Back 14

U.S. attorneys

Front 15

What was the significance of the Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison?

Back 15

It established the U.S. Supreme Court's right of judicial review in federal cases.

Front 16

When Congress passed the Fourteenth Amendment, it was

Back 16

Overturning the Supreme Courts decision and Dred Scott v. Sandford

Front 17

court reviews decisions from lower courts

Back 17

appeals court

Front 18

to legally cancel a law or an action

Back 18

nullify

Front 19

court calendar

Back 19

docket

Front 20

statement written by a justice who agrees with the Court's ruling but for different reasons

Back 20

concurring opinion

Front 21

parties to a lawsuit

Back 21

litigants

Front 22

situation in which all justices vote the same way

Back 22

unanimous opinion

Front 23

statement that explains the ruling on a Supreme Court case

Back 23

majority opinion

Front 24

allowed by the Constitution

Back 24

constitutional

Front 25

federal court where trials are held and lawsuits are begun

Back 25

district court

Front 26

only federal courts may hear and decide cases

Back 26

exclusive jurisdiction

Front 27

past opinion upon which judges base their own decisions in similar cases

Back 27

precedent

Front 28

statement that presents the view of justices who disagree with a Supreme Court ruling

Back 28

dissenting opinion

Front 29

power to analyze any federal, state, or local law or action to see if it goes against the Constitution

Back 29

judicial review

Front 30

authority of a court to hear a case appealed from a lower court

Back 30

appellate jurisdiction

Front 31

situation in which both state and federal courts have authority to hear a case

Back 31

concurrent jurisdiction

Front 32

guiding principle in which justices rely on precedent

Back 32

stare decisis

Front 33

order that directs a lower court to send its records on a case to the Supreme Court

Back 33

writ of certiorari

Front 34

document written by lawyers that explains one side's position in a case

Back 34

brief

Front 35

to send a case back to a lower court to be tried again

Back 35

remand

Front 36

authority to hear cases for the first time

Back 36

original jurisdiction

Front 37

Which president appointed the most chief justices?

Back 37

Washington

Front 38

Which states have had the highest number of chief justice appointments?

Back 38

New York and Virginia