Chemistry Vocabulary 2

Front 1

exact number

Back 1

A number that has no uncertainty. Compare measured numbered

Front 2

weight

Back 2

A measure of how strongly the Earth's gravitational force (of the gravitational froce exerted by any other body) pulls on an object. As the gravitational force changes, the object's mass stays constant but its weight changes. Compare to mass.

Front 3

volume

Back 3

The amount of space occupied by an object SI unit m^3

Front 4

energy

Back 4

A mesure of the capacity to do work. Example, Nutritionists measure the energy of food in terms of Calories (Cal, with a capital C)

Front 5

extensive property

Back 5

Any property of a substance that depends on the amount present. Compare intensive property.

Front 6

trailing zeroes

Back 6

Any zero to the right of the final nonzero in a number.

Front 7

derived unit

Back 7

Any SI unit of measurement obtained from a combination of two or more SI base units.

Front 8

Systeme Internationale d'Unites (SI)

Back 8

The system of units used in science, including seven base units, with the five most important to chemistry being the meter for length, the kilogram for mass, the second for time, the kelvin for temperature, and mole for amount of substance.

Front 9

density

Back 9

A measure of the compactness of matter. For any substance, it is the amount of mass per unit volume: D = Mass/Volume.

Front 10

measured number

Back 10

A number obtained by using a measuring device. Measured numbers always have some uncertainty because no measuring device is perfect. Compare exact number.

Front 11

precision

Back 11

The degree to which a set of measured values of the same quantity agree with each other. Compare accuracy

Front 12

leading zeroes

Back 12

Any zero to the left of the first nonzero digit in a number.

Front 13

unit analysis

Back 13

A problem-solving stategy in which data given in the problem statement are multiplied by appropriate conversion factors in order to obtain the correct units for the answer.

Front 14

intensive property

Back 14

Any property of a substance that does not depend on the amount present. Examples: density; boiling point. Compare extensive property.

Front 15

accuracy

Back 15

The degree to which a measure value is close to the true value. Compare precision.

Front 16

uncertainty

Back 16

The amount by which a measured number may vary from the true value of the quantity being measured.

Front 17

scientific notation

Back 17

A convention in which a numeric quantity is written as a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by 10 raised to the appropriate power.

Front 18

mass

Back 18

A measure of the quantity of matter in an object. Mass is independent of the location of the object, with a given object having the same mass no matter where in the Universe it is located. Compare weight.

Front 19

conversion factor

Back 19

A ratio used in unit analysis to change given units to the units wanted in the answer.

Front 20

algebriac manipulation

Back 20

Rearrangement of an equation in order to solve for a desired quantity.

Front 21

significant figures

Back 21

The digits in a measure number (or a number calculated from measure numbers) that are known with certainty.