Chemistry Semester 1 Study Guide

Front 1

Significant Figures

Back 1

Digits that you record. Precision of data

Front 2

Mono

Back 2

1

Front 3

Di

Back 3

2

Front 4

Tri

Back 4

3

Front 5

Tetra

Back 5

4

Front 6

Penta

Back 6

5

Front 7

Hexa

Back 7

6

Front 8

Hepta

Back 8

7

Front 9

Octa

Back 9

8

Front 10

Nona

Back 10

9

Front 11

Deca

Back 11

10

Front 12

Rules of Making Measurements

Back 12

You can be as precise as your least accurate measurement
All known digits plus ONE estimate

Front 13

If the decimal is present

Back 13

Start on the left with 1st non-zero digit and count everything after that

Front 14

If the decimal is absent

Back 14

Start on right with 1st non zero digit present count everything after

Front 15

Mass

Back 15

Kilogram

Front 16

Length

Back 16

Meters

Front 17

Temperature

Back 17

Kelvin

Front 18

Liquid Volum

Back 18

Liter

Front 19

Density

Back 19

Gl Ml or GLcm3

Front 20

Time

Back 20

Seconds

Front 21

Kilogram

Back 21

1000

Front 22

Microgram

Back 22

100

Front 23

Gram

Back 23

10

Front 24

Milligram

Back 24

1/10

Front 25

Centigram

Back 25

1/100

Front 26

Megagram

Back 26

1/1000

Front 27

Homogeneous Mixture

Back 27

Solutions the same throughout same phase-liquid

Front 28

Heterogeneous

Back 28

See parts NOT the same throughout

Front 29

Physical Properties

Back 29

Melting Pt
Boiling Pt
Ductile
Malleability

Front 30

Chemical Properties

Back 30

How/is it going to react
Unreactive

Front 31

Chemical Change

Back 31

New Properties

Front 32

5 Indicators of a Chemical Change

Back 32

1. Precipitate (Solid)
2. Odor Change
3. Color Change
4. Energy Change
5. Does a gas form?

Front 33

Physical Change

Back 33

Changing from one state to another without chemical change occurring

Front 34

Period

Back 34

Row

Front 35

Group

Back 35

Columns

Front 36

Family is another name for

Back 36

Period

Front 37

Metal

Back 37

Shiny, hard, dense
Form positive ions
Good conductors
Malleable and ductile

Front 38

Metallloids

Back 38

Like metals and nonmetals
Semiconductors

Front 39

Non Metals

Back 39

Brittle, usually solids and gases
form negative ions
Poor conductors

Front 40

Elements in the same...have similar properties because ....

Back 40

Column E- config.

Front 41

All...Are unreactive because they have a full octect (full s and p orbitals)

Back 41

Noble Gases

Front 42

Periodic Laws/Trends

Back 42

States that when elements are ordered by atomic number there is a predicable repetition of properties

Front 43

Atomic Radius

Back 43

Definition- Size two atoms
Trend Across- Decreasing
Trend Down- Larger

Front 44

Ionization Energy

Back 44

Definition- The energy to remove the most loosely held electrons
Trend Across- Increasing
Trend Down- Decreasing

Front 45

Electronegtivity

Back 45

Definition-Ability to attract electrons in a bond
Trend Across- Increasing
Trend Down- Decreasing

Front 46

Electron Shield

Back 46

The more energy levels you have the esier it is to loose a level

Front 47

Ionic Bounds

Back 47

High Melting pt
High Boiling pt
Hard & Brittle
Good conductors in water

Front 48

What causes most of these properties?

Back 48

Crystal Lattice

Front 49

An Ionic bond is a bond between a ... and a nonmetallic element,

Back 49

Metal

Front 50

In Covalent Compounds electrons are .... In order to complete the atoms...

Back 50

Shared, Octet

Front 51

Covalent bond normally form between 2... elements

Back 51

Non-metals

Front 52

Properties of covalently bonded compounds

Back 52

2 nonmetals/metalloids
Weaker bonds
Low melting pts
Will NOT conduct electricity

Front 53

Another name for covalent compounds is

Back 53

Molecular

Front 54

Reactants

Back 54

Anything left of a reaction

Front 55

Products

Back 55

Anything right of the reaction

Front 56

List the 7 diatomic elements

Back 56

N, O, F, Cl, Br, I

Front 57

We balance chemical equation because....cannot be created or destroyed 3 according to the law of conservation of...

Back 57

Mass, mass