Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is frequency?
|
the number of cycles (wave crests)
|
|
what is amplitude?
|
wave height
|
|
what is wavelength?
|
distance from crest to crest
|
|
e= ?
|
hc/lamda
|
|
c= ?
|
lamba vish
|
|
key features of light
|
1) travels at the speed of light
2) have no rest mass |
|
what is the speed of light?
|
3 * 10^8 m/s in a vacuum
|
|
describe interference
|
constructive (peaks aligned) and destructive (peaks not aligned)
|
|
shape of s orbital
|
spherical
|
|
shape of d orbital
|
dumbbell
|
|
shape of p orbital?
|
dumbbell
|
|
what is the aufbau principle?
|
build up from lowest to higheset energy
|
|
what is the pauli exclusion principle?
|
no two electrons in an atom can have the same 4 quantum numbers
|
|
what is hunds rule?
|
electrons fill degenerate orbitals
|
|
Charge on 1A
|
+1
|
|
Charge on 2A
|
+2
|
|
Charge on 7A
|
-1
|
|
Charge on 6A
|
-2
|
|
atomic radii trends?
|
increases down, decreases across
|
|
lattice energy trends?
|
smaller atoms are more exothermic
|
|
electronegativity trends?
|
increase across, and decrease down
|
|
0-0.4 = ?
|
Covalent (sharing e-)
|
|
2-4= ?
|
ionic (transfer e-)
|
|
0.4-2 = ?
|
polar covalent unequal sharing
|
|
How to determine most stable resonance structure?
|
one with a formal charge that doesn't deviate from 0
|
|
What is the formal charge?
|
V Electrongs - bonding pairs/2 - Lone electrons
|
|
in bond energy, single bonds have
|
the longest distance between atoms
|
|
in bond energy, triple bonds have
|
the strongest bond between atoms
|
|
delta h rxn =
|
delta h broken (pos) + delta h formed (neg)
|
|
negative yield is
|
exothermic
|
|
difference between valence and core electrons?
|
valence electrons are involved in bonding, and interact with other molecules.
|
|
what are the shapes of vsepr?
|
linear, bent, trigonal bypyrimidal, trigonal, tetrahedral, octahedral.
|
|
describe linear geometry:
|
two electron groups, two single bonds about the central atom
|
|
describe trigonal geometry:
|
three electron groups, around central atom
|
|
describe tetrahedral:
|
four electron groups, 3D model.
|
|
describe trigonal bypyrimidal:
|
five electron groups
|
|
describe octahedral:
|
six electron groups
|
|
characteristics of gas
|
far apart molecules, interact weakly,
|
|
characteristics of liquid
|
molecules close
|
|
solid characteristics
|
molecules close but specific
|