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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Sulphuric acid |
H2SO4 |
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Nitric acid |
HNO3 |
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Hydrochloric acid |
HCl |
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Sulphate |
SO4^2- |
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Nitrate |
NO3^- |
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Carbonate 1 |
CO3^2- |
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Hydroxide |
OH^- |
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Oxygen ion |
O^2- |
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Phosphate |
PO4^3- |
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Ammonia |
NH3 |
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Ammonium |
NH4^+ |
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Zinc |
Zn^2+ |
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Silver |
Ag^+ |
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What does acid + metal produce? |
Salt + hydrogen |
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What does acid + oxide produce? |
Salt + water |
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What does acid + hydroxide produce? |
Salt + water |
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What does acid + carbonate produce? |
Salt + water + carbon dioxide |
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What are polyatomic ions? |
An ion that contains atoms of more than one element joined together |
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What are the other 2 elements that exist as small molecules? |
Phosphorus - P4 Sulfur - S8 |
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Rubidium ion? |
Rb+ |
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Caesium ion? |
Cs^+ |
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Name 4 ions with 2+ charge? |
Magnesium - Mg2+ Calcium - Ca Strontium - Sr Barium - Ba |
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Nitrogen ion? |
N3- |
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Phosphorus ion? |
P3- |
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Oxygen and sulfur ion charge? |
2- |
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Group 7 charges? |
- |
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How do you work out the amount of a substance (moles) when it comes to solids? |
Mass (g) ÷ atomic number (Ar) |
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how do you work out the mass of a solid? |
Amount of solid (moles) × atomic number |
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How do you work out the amount of substance (moles) in a solution? |
(Concentration (mol/dm^3) × volume (cm^3) ) ÷ 1000 volume (cm^3) ) ÷ 1000 |
There are 1000 cm^3 in a dm^3 |
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How do you work out the volume of a solution (cm^3) |
(Amount of substance (moles) × 1000) ÷ concentration (Moldm^-3) |
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How do you work out the amount of substance in a gas? (Moles) |
Volume (cm^3) ÷ 24,000 Or v (dm^3) ÷ 24 |
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How do you work out the volume of a gas (cm^3)? |
Amount of substance (moles) × 24,000 |
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How do you work out the volume of a gas (dm^3)? |
Amount of substance (moles) × 24 |
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Relative atomic mass (Ar) |
Is the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 |
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Relative isotopic mass? |
The mass of an isotope relative to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 |
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If a reaction is overheated, what could happen to the volume of gas produced |
It would get bigger as volume increases with increasing temperature |
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In the example of phosphorous(III) oxide, what does "(III)" represent? |
It shows that each phosphorous in the compound contains a 3+ charge |
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Define water of crystallisation |
Water that is within the structure of the crystal |
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When heating up a water of crystallisation compound, how can we make sure that all the water has been driven off? |
You should heat until a constant mass is achieved (the mass stops changing) |
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Give 3 reasons why actual yield could be lower than theoretical yield |
● the reaction may have not gone to completion ● side reactions may have taken place ● during the purification of the product, some of the product may have been lost |
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What is a mol |
The unit for the amount of substance - contains the same number of particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon |
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Avogadro constant |
6.02×10^23 |
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How do you calculate the amount (mols)(n) |
mass (g) (m) ÷ Molar mass (gmol^-1) (M) |
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Empirical formula definition |
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound |
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Molecular formula definition |
The number and types of atoms of each element in a molecule |
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How do you work out the formula of a hydrated salt? |
Work out amount of anhydrous substance : amount of water And boom |
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What is concentration? |
The amount (mol) of a dissolved substance in 1.00dm^3 of solution |
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Concentration, amount and volume equation |
N=CV |
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What's the ideal gas equation? |
pV=nRT ● p - pressure (Pa) ● n - amount (mol) ● V - volume (m^3) ● R - gas constant (8.314 Jmol^-1K^-1) ● T - Temperature (K) |
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How do you convert °C into K |
Add 273 (To convert K back into °C, take away 273) |
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What's the equation for atom economy? |
Atom economy = (sum of molar masses of desired products ÷ sum of molar masses of all products) × 100 |
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What's the equation for percentage yield? |
Percentage yield = (actual yield ÷ theoretical yield) × 100 |
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What are the common exceptions for hydrogen for oxidation number? |
In a metal hydride (e.g NaH), hydrogen would have an oxidation number of -1 |
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What are the common exceptions for oxidation number in terms of oxygen? |
● when oxygen is bonded to fluorine, it has an oxidation number of +2 ● in a peroxide (2 oxygens) oxygen has an oxidation number of -1 |
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Definition of oxidation and reduction in terms of electrons |
OILRIG |
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Definition of oxidation and reduction in terms of oxidation number |
Oxidation is an increase in oxidation number whereas reduction is a decrease in oxidation number |
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Definition of oxidation and reduction in terms of oxygen? |
Oxidation is when oxygen is added. Reduction is when oxygen is taken away |
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