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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is immunity?
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a resistance to or protection against disease causing pathogens
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what is immunization?
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the conferring of immunity to a particular disease
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what is a vaccination?
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an introduction to a weakened or altered pathogen to prime the body's immune system, so it fights later infections effectively
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what is innate immunity?
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immune cells that are always ready to respond
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what is adaptive immunity?
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cells that are selectively activated to eliminate a specific pathogen
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what is an antigen?
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any foreign molecule that can initiate an immune system response, most are proteins
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describe non-specific response to antigens.
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innate immunity respond the same way to all antigens
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describe specific response to antigens.
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adaptive immunity responds in a specific way to respond to each particular strain of bacterium, virus or fungus that enters the body.
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what is mucus?
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it's a solution secreted by cells within the epithelium.
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what does lysozyme do?
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digests bacterial cell walls
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what do mast cells do?
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secrete signals that increase blood flow.
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what do neutrophils do?
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ingest and kill pathogens
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what do macrophages do?
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recruit other cells and ingest and kill pathogens
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where are leukocytes produced?
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in the bone marrow
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name three leukocytes involved in innate immune response.
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macrophages, neutrophills and mast cells
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how are leukocytes of the innate immune response alerted to foreign molecules?
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molecules on the surface of pathogens bot not on host cells
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what is the inflammatory response?
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a multi-step innate immune response observed in an array of animals
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what is the first step of the inflammatory response?
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platelets release proteins that form clots and lessen bleeding.
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what s the second step of the inflammatory response
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wounded tissue and macrophages secrete chemokines which form a gradient that marks the path to the wound site.
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what is a chemokine?
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a signaling molecule that creates a gradient that acts as a path to the wound site
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whats the third step in the inflammatory response?
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mast cells release chemical messengers that restrict blood flow near the wound, histamine is released and blood vessels futher away dialate and become more permeable
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