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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a foliated rock?
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A metamorphic rock that is easy to spilt
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What are the types of luster?
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metallic
nonmetallic: glossy, pearly, greasy, dull, earthy, |
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what is the hardness of a minerals?
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its resistance to being scratched
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What is moh's scale of hardness?
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ten standard minerals whose hardness are determined used to determine the hardness of other minerals
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What is a mineral
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a naturally occuring, inorganic sold that has a defenite chemical composition and molecular substance
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What is cleavage?
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the tendency of a mineral to split along onew or more smooth flat surfaces
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What is fracture?
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when a mineral doesn't have cleavage and breaks unevenly
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What are all the properties that can be used to identify a mineral?
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streak, color, luster, hardness, cleavage, fracture, taste, crystal shape, magnetism, reactivity to acid, ability to bend light, and fluorescence
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How do metamorphic rocks form?
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As a result of the recrystallization of ummelted material under conditions of high temperature and pressure
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What type of cleavage does halite have?
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cubic cleavage, meaning it cleaves in three directions
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What is a rock composed of only one mineral?
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monominerallic
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crystalline
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made of atoms arranged in a pattern
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What are carbonates?
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group of minerals that contains 1 carbon atom and 3 oxygen atoms
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What are evaporites?
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Rockls formed by the evaporation of water
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What are silicates?
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a combination of silicon and oxygen with other elements. largest rock froming minerals
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What group of minerals contains a high percentage of commercialy valuable substances?
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ores
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What are iron oxides?
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iron combines with oxygen
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What is a tetrahedron?
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a four-sided solid, each side being a triangle
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What are sulfides?
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iron combines with sulfur
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What is the structure of a mineral?
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the arrangement of atoms in a mineral
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What are metamorphic rocks?
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Rocks that form as a result of the recrystallization of existing rock minerals
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What is regional metamorphism?
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occurs when large areas of rock are under intense heat and pressure
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How do sedimentary rocks form?
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They form from compaction and cementation of sediments
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What is lava?
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magma that reaches the Earth's surface
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What is contact metamorphism?
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The changing of an existing rock through contact with magma
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What are thin latyers of alternating minerals found in a metamorphic rock?
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banding
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What does texture of igneous rocks depend on?
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the rate of cooling
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What are felsic rocks?
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rich in potassium feldspar and quartz and are light in color
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What is magma?
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molten rock beneaths earth's surface
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What are clastic rocks?
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Rocks formed from sediments made up of rocks fragments held together by cement
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Long cooling causes ________ crystals to form.
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large
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When rocks cool fast, they have ________ grained crystals.
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fine
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What type of volcanos cause quiet lave flows?
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shield cones
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What are mafic rocks?
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Rocks rich in plagioclase feldspar and pryoxene. Dark in color, and found in ocean basins
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What are some alternative sources of energy?
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water power, wind power, solar energy,and geothermal energy
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What are fossil fuels?
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energy resources formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived long ago
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What is a nonrenewable substance?
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used faster then they can be replaced such as coal
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What are cinder cones?
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steep, explosive volcanos
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What are rocks called that form beneath the surface?
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intrusive or plutonic rocks
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What causes an igneous rocks to have a glassy texture?
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when it cools very quickly, on earth's surface
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What are igneous rocks?
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They form as a result of the solidification of molten rock minerals
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what is streak?
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Streak is the color of a mineral in its powdered form
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How is crystal size effected when magma cools slowly?
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the rock has large crystals
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Which has smaller crystals intrusive or extrusive rocks?
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extrusive have fine-grained rocks
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Why is color not effective in identifying a rock or mineral?
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different minerals exhibit the same colors and many minerals are found in a variety of colors
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