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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cell (discovered by? ,def) |
Robert hooked Basic unit of structure and function f living things |
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Protoplasm |
Colorless material composing living part of cell includes organelles Surrounded by cell membrane |
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Nucloeplasm |
Protoplasm inside nucleus |
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Cytoplasm |
Protoplasm outside nucleus |
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Cell membrane (surrounds,aka,seperates) |
Surrounds cell Plasma membrane Seperates cell from extercellulae fluid and neighboring cells |
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Selective semipermable membrane |
Regulates passage/transport of molecules in/out of cells (prevent others) |
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Phospholoid (looks,def) |
Composed of 2 layers with proteins embedded in layer Look like balloons |
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Hydrophollic |
Attraction to water |
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Hydrophobic |
Repels water |
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Nucleus(function,contains) |
Most Important organelles within cell Function:control activities of cells Facilitate cell division Contains dna and protein |
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Chromatin(def,shape) |
Dna and protein arranged in loose state Condensed ro rodlike form |
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Nuclear membrane (aka,function,) |
Nuclear envelope Function:regulates transport of substances in and out of cells |
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Ribisomes |
Serve as site for protein synthesis |
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Centrosome(mitosis,functional,def) |
Made of 2 centrioles perpendicular to each other.funtional during animal division During mitosis centrioles seperate |
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Endoplasmic reticulum |
Function: provides passage for transport of substances in cytoplasm. 2types |
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Rough endoplasmic reticulum |
Ribisomes on outer layer (sites of protein synthesis) |
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Smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
Role in cholesterol synthesis fat, metabolism and detoxification of drugs. |
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Mitochondria(supplies,stores,aka,purpose) |
Supplies cell woth energy Store atp Serve as site of cellular respiration and energy production Aka power house |
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Lysosme(aka,function) |
Suicide bags Help digest cell bacteria and worn out cells. |
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Perioxisomes |
Helps eat fats and detoxify stuff |
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Cytoskeleton |
Forms internal framework if cell Filaments provide support for the cell |
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Pinocytic vessels |
Provides mechanism by which large molecules can enter the cell |
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Pinocytosis |
Cell drinking |
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Cell division |
2 purposes: Growth maintenence of cells (mitosis) reproduction (meiosis) |
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Meiosis |
Involves reproduction |
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Mitosis |
Involves growth and maintenence of cells |
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Mitosis interphase |
Resting stage |
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Chromatid |
Strand of replicated chromosome 2 chromatid are joined by a structure |
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Cell death |
Necrosis and apoptosis |
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Passive transport |
Does not require energy |
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Active transport |
Requires energy source |
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Tumor |
Cell division does not occur in usual pattern aka neoplasm |
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malignant tumors |
Cancerous Continue to grow crowding healthy cells draw nutrients away from body |
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Atrophy |
Decrease in size |
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Hypertrophy |
Increase in size |
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Hyperplasia |
Increase in number (relates to hormonal stimulation) |
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Dysplasia |
Change to size shape and organization of cell |
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Neoplasia |
Changes in cell structure that occur in uncontrolled growth pattern |
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Hypoxia |
A decrease in amount of oxygen in blood flow to cellular structure |
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Anoxia |
Lack of oxygen flow to cellular structure most common in cause of death cells |
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Sarcoma |
Cancers that occur in supportive tissue and connective tissue Occurs in plasma cells or bone marrow |
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Leukima |
Cancer of bone marrow |
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Lymphoma |
Develops in glands or nodes in lymphatic system |
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Golgi apparatus |
Storing and packing secretions |
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Diffusion |
Molecules move from high concentration to low |
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Osmosis |
Diffusion of water molecules |