Chapter 24 Set 3

Front 1

Normal pH range of the body.

Back 1

7.35 to 7.45

Front 2

Normal PCO2 (partial pressure of Carbon dioxide) in blood

Back 2

35 to 45 mm Hg

Front 3

Normal HCO3 (Bicarbonate) levels

Back 3

24 to 28 mEq/L

Front 4

Normal PaO2 Value

Back 4

80 to 100 mm Hg

Front 5

Normal SaO2 Value

Back 5

95 to 100%

Front 6

respiratory acidosis

Back 6

A condition characterized by an increased hydrogen ion concentration (pH less than 7.35) with an increase in PCO2 (>45 mm Hg)

Front 7

A condition characterized by an increased hydrogen ion concentration (pH less than 7.35) with an increase in PCO2 (>45 mm Hg)

Back 7

respiratory acidosis

Front 8

Respiratory Alkolisis

Back 8

A condition characterized by an increased pH (>7.45) with a decrease in PCO2 (>35 mm Hg)

Front 9

A condition characterized by an increased pH (>7.45) with a decrease in PCO2 (>35 mm Hg)

Back 9

Respiratory Alkolisis

Front 10

Metabolic Acidosis

Back 10

Condition characterized by an increased concentration of hydrogen ions (pH below 7.35) or a decrease in bicarbonate concentration (HCO3) less than 28 mEq/L

Front 11

Condition characterized by an increased concentration of hydrogen ions (pH below 7.35) or a decrease in bicarbonate concentration (HCO3) less than 28 mEq/L

Back 11

Metabolic Acidosis

Front 12

Arterial blood gases test

Back 12

Measures oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. Assesses pH, partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, saturation of oxygen, and bicarbonate.

Front 13

Metabolic Alkalosis

Back 13

Condition characterized by a blood pH above 7.45 or an increase in bicarbonate concentration (HCO3) greater than 28 mEq/L

Front 14

Condition characterized by a blood pH above 7.45 or an increase in bicarbonate concentration (HCO3) greater than 28 mEq/L

Back 14

Metabolic Alkalosis

Front 15

ABG Values of
pH < 7.35
PaCO2 > 45mm Hg
Indicates what condition

Back 15

Respiratory Acidosis

Front 16

ABG Values of
pH > 7.45
PaCO2 < 35 mm Hg

Back 16

Respiratory Alkalosis

Front 17

ABG Values of
pH < 7.35
HCO3 < 24 m/Eq/L
Indicates what condition

Back 17

Metabolic Acidosis

Front 18

ABG Values of
pH > 7.45
HCO3 > 28 mEq/l

Back 18

Metabolic Alkalosis

Front 19

ABG Values of
pH 7.31
PaCO2 54
HCO3 24 mEq/l
PaO2 62
Indicates what condition

Back 19

Respiratory Acidosis

Front 20

ABG Values of
pH 7.49
PaCO2 40
HCO3 42
PaO2 80
Indicates what condition

Back 20

Metabolic Alkalosis

Front 21

Measures oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. Assesses pH, partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, saturation of oxygen, and bicarbonate.

Back 21

Arterial blood gases test

Front 22

What are the systems that regulate acid-base balance in the body?

Back 22

Buffer Systems, Respiratory Regulation of Acid Base Balance and Renal control of hydrogen ion concentration.

Front 23

Causes of Respiratory Acidosis

Back 23

Hypoventilation or or any condition that depresses ventilation. Brain injury, chest injuries, emphysema, COPD, Asthma, Pneumonia, Overdose of barbituates, sedatives. Crush injury, penetrating wounds, blunt force

Front 24

What acid-base imbalance is caused by hypoventilation or or any condition that depresses ventilation. Brain injury, chest injuries, emphysema, COPD, Asthma, Pneumonia, Overdose of barbituates, sedatives. Crush injury, penetrating wounds, blunt force

Back 24

Respiratory Acidosis

Front 25

Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis

Back 25

Hyperventilation, can be triggered by fear, anxiety, fever, pain, rapid mechanical ventilation, hypoxia at high altitudes. Overstimulation of the respiratory center, salicylate poisoning, brain tumors, meningitis, encephalitis and Pulmonary embolus.

Front 26

What acid-base imbalance is caused by Hyperventilation - can be triggered by fear, anxiety, fever, pain, rapid mechanical ventilation, hypoxia at high altitudes. Overstimulation of the respiratory center, salicylate poisoning, brain tumors, meningitis, encephalitis and Pulmonary embolus.

Back 26

Respiratory Alkalosis

Front 27

Causes of Metabolic Acidosis

Back 27

Kidney disease, Diabetes, diarrhea, diuretics.

Front 28

What acid-base imbalance is caused by Kidney disease, Diabetes, diarrhea, diuretics.

Back 28

Metabolic Acidosis

Front 29

Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis

Back 29

Excessive ingestion of antacids and milk, TPN of sodium bicarbonate, Loss of gastic fluids from vomiting or suctioning.

Front 30

What acid-base imbalance is caused by Excessive ingestion of antacids and milk, TPN of sodium bicarbonate, Loss of gastic fluids from vomiting or suctioning.

Back 30

Metabolic Alkalosis

Front 31

Signs & Symptoms of Metabolic Alkalosis

Back 31

Irritability, confusion, Tetany-like symptoms, Hyperactive reflexes, hypoventilation, shallow breathing

Front 32

Irritability, confusion, Tetany-like symptoms, Hyperactive reflexes, hypoventilation, shallow breathing could indicate which acid-base imbalance?

Back 32

Metabolic Alkalosis

Front 33

Signs & Symptoms of Metabolic Acidosis

Back 33

Headache, lethargy, confusion, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, coma, dysrhythmias, deep and rapid respirations (kussmaul respirations)

Front 34

Headache, lethargy, confusion, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, coma, dysrhythmias, deep and rapid respirations (kussmaul respirations)could indicate which acid-base imbalance?

Back 34

Metabolic Acidosis

Front 35

Respiratory Alkalosis signs and symptons

Back 35

Apprehension, hyperventilation, dizziness, palpitations, tetany-like symptons, hyperactive reflexes, positive chvostek sign, positive trousseau sign

Front 36

Apprehension, hyperventilation, dizziness, palpitations, tetany-like symptons, hyperactive reflexes, positive chvostek sign, positive trousseau sign could indicate which acid base imbalance

Back 36

Respiratory Alkalosis

Front 37

Respiratory Acidosis signs and symptons

Back 37

Hypotension, heart block, prolonged PR interval, tachycardia, weak thready pulse, warm flushed skin, rapid shallow respirations, papillidema, Elevated ICP, head ache, drowsiness, altered mental status, seizures, coma

Front 38

Hypotension, heart block, prolonged PR interval, tachycardia, weak thready pulse, warm flushed skin, rapid shallow respirations, papillidema, Elevated ICP, head ache, drowsiness, altered mental status, seizures, coma could indicate which acid base imbalance

Back 38

Respiratory Acidosis

Front 39

The measure of acid and base strength.

Back 39

pH or potential hydrogen

Front 40

Atom bearing an electrical charge

Back 40

Ion

Front 41

Basic substance of matter

Back 41

Element

Front 42

Solution that has a higher molecular concentration than the cell; also called a hyperosmolar solution

Back 42

Hypertonic solution

Front 43

Chemical reaction wherein the bonding between atoms in a molecule is broken and simpler products are formed

Back 43

decomposition

Front 44

Combination of atoms of two or more elements

Back 44

compound

Front 45

Ion bearing a negative charge

Back 45

anion

Front 46

any substance that in a solution yields hydrogen ions bearing a positive charge

Back 46

acid

Front 47

Ability of a membrane to permit substances to pass through it

Back 47

permeability

Front 48

atoms of the same element that unit with each other

Back 48

molecule

Front 49

Fluid consisting of the plasma in the blood vessels and the lymph in the lymphatic system

Back 49

intravascular fluid

Front 50

Fluid outside of the cells; includes intersticial, intravascular, synovial, cerebrospinal, and serous fluids; aqueous and virtreous humor, and endolymph and perilymph.

Back 50

Extracellular Fluid

Front 51

Chemical reaction when two or more atoms called reactants bond and form a more complex molecular product.

Back 51

Synthesis

Front 52

joined with oxygen

Back 52

oxidized

Front 53

diffusion from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Back 53

osmosis

Front 54

process of fluids and the substances dissolved in them being forced through the cell membrane by hydrostatic pressure

Back 54

filtration

Front 55

Solution that has a lower molecular concentration than the cell; also called hypo-osmolar solution

Back 55

hypotonic solution

Front 56

detectable accumulation of increased interstitial fluid

Back 56

edema

Front 57

smallest unit of an element that still retains the properties of that element that cannot be altered by any chemical change

Back 57

atom

Front 58

condition characterized by an excessive loss of hydrogen ions from a solution

Back 58

alkalosis

Front 59

ion bearing a positive charge

Back 59

cation

Front 60

anything that occupies space and possesses mass

Back 60

matter

Front 61

concentration of solutes per liter of cellular fluid

Back 61

osmolarity

Front 62

product formed when an acid and a base react with each other

Back 62

salt

Front 63

atoms of the same element that have different atomic weights

Back 63

isotopes

Front 64

fluid within the cells

Back 64

intracellular fluid

Front 65

element or compound that, when dissoved in water or another solvent, dissociates (separates) into ions

Back 65

electrolyte

Front 66

In a solution, liquid or gas, movement of molecules from an area of high molecular concentration to one of low molecular concentration

Back 66

diffusion

Front 67

condition characterized by an excessive number of hydrogen ions in a solution

Back 67

acidosis

Front 68

substance that when dissociated produces ions that will combine with hydrogen ions

Back 68

base

Front 69

diffusion used to separate molecules out of a solution by passing them through a semipermeable membrane

Back 69

dialysis

Front 70

Measurement of the total concentration of dissolved particles per kilogram of water

Back 70

osmolality

Front 71

Fluid in tissue spaces around each cell

Back 71

Intersticial fluid

Front 72

Administration of fluids, electrolytes, nutrients, or medications by the venous route

Back 72

intravenous

Front 73

Rupture of red blood cells due to osmosis

Back 73

hemolysis

Front 74

Equilibrium; consistency of body fluids

Back 74

Homeostasis

Front 75

Normal resiliency of skin

Back 75

Turgor

Front 76

Membrane that allows passage of only certain substances

Back 76

semipermeable membrane

Front 77

pressure exerted against the cell membrane by the water inside a cell

Back 77

osmotic pressure

Front 78

seepage of fluid into the interstitial tissue as a result of accidental dislodgement of the IV needle from the vien

Back 78

infiltration

Front 79

condition wherein more water is lost from the body than is replaced

Back 79

dehydration

Front 80

substance that attempts to maintain pH range or hydrogen ion concentration in the presence of added acids or bases

Back 80

buffer

Front 81

measurement of levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, pH, partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, saturation of oxygen, and bicarbonate in arterial blood

Back 81

Arterial blood gases

Front 82

substances combined in no specific way

Back 82

mixture

Front 83

solution that has the same molecular concentration as does the cell; also called isosmolar solution

Back 83

isotonic solution

Front 84

Pressure that a fluid exerts against a membrane; also called filtration force.

Back 84

Hydrostatic pressure

Front 85

decreased oxygen level in the blood

Back 85

Hypoxemia