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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ELECTRIC CHARGE |
Electric charge is a physical property of particles or objects that causes them to attract or repel each other without touching. All electric charge is based on the protons and electrons in atoms. A proton has a positive electric charge, and an electron has a negative electric charge |
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ELECTRIC FEILD |
An electric field is a space around a charged particle where the particle exerts electric force on other particles. Electric fields surrounding positively and negatively charged particles
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ELECTRIC FORCE |
Electric force is exerted over a distance, so charged particles do not have to be in contact in order to exert force over each other. |
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LAW OF CONSERVATION OF CHARGE |
Like the formation of ions, the formation of charged matter in general depends on the transfer of electrons either between two materials or within a material. Three ways this can occur are friction, conduction, and polarization. In all cases, the total charge remains the same. Electrons move, but they aren’t destroyed. This is the law of conservation of charge. |
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STATIC DISCHARGE |
Static discharge occurs when the built-up charges suddenly flow from the object. An example of static discharge is lightning.
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STATIC CHARGE |
Polarization leads to the buildup of electric charges on objects. This buildup of charges is known as static electricity.
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ALTERNATING CURRENT |
When current keeps reversing direction, it is called alternating current (AC). The current that runs through the wires in your home is alternating current.
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DIRECT CURRENT |
Direct current (DC) flows in just one direction. |
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ELECTRIC CONDUCTER |
A material that electricity can travel through with little resistance |
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ELECTRIC CURRENT |
Electric current is a continuous flow of electric charges |
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ELECTRIC INSULATOR |
A materiel which electricity cannot travel through |
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OHM'S LAW |
Voltage, or a difference in electric potential energy, is needed for electric current to flow. As you might have guessed, greater voltage results in more current. Resistance, on the other hand, opposes the flow of electric current, so greater resistance results in less current. These relationships between current, voltage, and resistance were first demonstrated by a German scientist named Georg Ohm in the early 1800s, so they are referred to as Ohm’s law. Ohm’s law can be represented by the following equation.Current (amps)=Voltage (volts)Resistance (ohms) |
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RESISTANCE |
Resistance is opposition to the flow of electric charges that occurs when electric current travels through matter. |
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VOLTAGE |
The difference in electric potential energy |
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ELECTRIC POWER |
Voltage source for electricity |
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PARALLEL CIRCUIT |
A circuit with multiple paths of electricity |
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SERIES CIRCUIT |
A circuit with a single path of electricity |
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ELECTRONICS |
The use of electric current to encode information is called electronics |
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SEMICONDUCTOR |
A semiconductor is a solid crystal—usually consisting mainly of silicon—that can conduct current better than an electric insulator but not as well as an electric conductor. Very small amounts of other elements, such as boron or phosphorus, are added to the silicon so it can conduct current. |
