Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Neuron |
Main functioning component of the brain |
|
|
|
Sensory Neuron |
Convey information about the environment, such as light or sound, from specialized receptor cells in the dense organs to the brain |
5 senses |
|
|
Motor Neuron |
Communicate information to the muscles and glands of the body; Movement of body and systems |
|
|
|
Cell body (soma) |
Contains structures that manufacture proteins and process nutrients, providing the energy the neuron needs to function |
|
|
|
Dendrites |
Short branching fibers; extend from cell bodies of most neurons; receive information |
|
|
|
Axon |
Is a single, elongated tube that extends from the cell body in most, though not all, neurons; sends information |
|
|
|
Glial Cells |
90% of our brain; most abundant cells in the human brain |
|
|
|
Myelin Sheath |
A white fatty covering that is wrapped around the axons of some, but not all, neurons; covers the axons |
|
|
|
Action Potential |
Messages are gathered by the dendrites and soul body and then transmit it along the axon in the form of a brief electrical impulse |
|
|
|
Synapse |
The point of communication between two neurons |
|
|
|
Synaptic Gap |
The presynaptic and post synaptic neuron’s are separated by a tiny, fluid filled space |
|
|
|
Axon Terminal |
At the end of an axon |
|
|
|
Synaptic Vesicles |
Floating in the interior fluid of the axon terminals are tiny sacs called this |
|
|
|
Neurotransmitters |
The synaptic vesicles hold special chemical messengers manufactured by the neuron |
|
|
|
Reuptake |
Most often, they detach from the receptor and are reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron so they can be recycled and used again |
|
|
|
Nervous System |
Specialized for communication, up to 1 trillion neurons are linked throughout your body in a complex, organized communication network |
|
|
|
Central Nervous System (CNS) |
Brain and Spinal Cord |
|
|
|
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
Lateral of the CNS |
|
|
|
Somatic Nervous System |
Voluntary movement |
|
|
|
Autonomic Nervous System |
Involuntary movement |
|
|
|
Sympathetic Nervous System |
Alerts the body; of a T-Rex |
|
|
|
Parasympathetic Nervous System |
Calms down the body |
|
|
|
Endocrine System |
Hormone system |
|
|
|
Brain stem |
Responsible for involuntary nature; old reptilian brain; no limbic system in reptiles |
|
|
|
Cerebral cortex |
Outside portion of brain; helps us remember, hearing, speech, knowledge; humans |
|
|
|
Cerebral Hemispheres |
2 Hemispheres; Left and Right |
|
|
|
Corpus Callosum |
Connects both hemispheres |
|
|
|
Temporal Lobe |
Sides of head; hearing, language, speech, etc. |
|
|
|
Occipital Lobe |
Back of head; sight |
|
|
|
Parietal Lobe |
Top of head; body movements |
|
|
|
Frontal Lobe |
Forehead; last developed part; higher order responses, planning, focus, attention, time, schedule, organization, etc. |
|
|
|
Limbic System |
Emotional center of the brain; found in mammals not reptiles |
|
