Chapter 18 Cardiovascular System Marieb

Front 1

When the semilunar valves are open what is occurring........... A) Av valves are closed B) Ventricles are in systolic C) Blood enters aorta D) Blood enters pulmonary arteries E) all of the above

Back 1

E) all of the above
1. Av valves are closed
2. Ventricles are in systolic
3. Blood enters aorta
4. Blood enters pulmonary arteries

Front 2

The portion of the intrinsic conduction system located in the interventricular septum is the.....A) AV node B) Av bundle

Back 2

B) AV bundle

Front 3

An ECG provides information about....A) Valve impairment B) Movement of the excitationwave accross the heart

Back 3

B) Movement of the excitationwave accross the heart

Front 4

The fact that the left ventricular wall is thicker than the right reveals that it.....A) Pumps a greater volume of blood B) Pumps blood against greater resistance.

Back 4

B) Pumps blood against greater resistance.

Front 5

The chordae tendineae....Prevent the AV valve flaps from everting. B) open the semilunar valves

Back 5

A) Prevent the AV valve flaps from everting.

Front 6

In the heart what applies to its function.........A) action potentials are conducted from cell to cell accross the myocardium via gap junctions B) The SA node sets the pace for the heart as a whole. C) spontaneous depolarization of cardiac cells can occur in the absence of nerve stimulation. d) all of the above

Back 6

D) all of the above
1. action potentials are conducted from cell to cell accross the myocardium via gap junctions
2. The SA node sets the pace for the heart as a whole.
3. spontaneous depolarization of cardiac cells can occur in the absence of nerve stimulation.

Front 7

The activity of the heart depends on the intrinsic propertiesof cardiac muscle and on neural factors. Thus.....A) vagus nerve stimulation of the heart reduces heart rate. B) sympathetic nerve stimulation of the heart decreases time available for venticular filling. C) sympathetic stimulation of the heart increases its force of contraction. D) all of the above

Back 7

D) all of the above
1. vagus nerve stimulation of the heart reduces heart rate.
2. sympathetic nerve stimulation of the heart decreases time available for venticular filling.
3. sympathetic stimulation of the heart increases its force of contraction.

Front 8

Freshly oxygenated blood is first received by the......A) Left atrium. B) Right atrium.

Back 8

A) Left atrium.

Front 9

Cardiac muscles has abundant .....1.........A) mitchondria B) red blood cells
and depends almost entirely on..2.......A) anaerobic respiration to form ATP B) aerobic respiration to form ATP B)

Back 9

1A. mitchondria
2B. aerobic respiration to form ATP

Front 10

Non contractile cardiac muscle cells exhibit....A) automatic and rhythmicity and can independantly initiate action potentials. B) can independantly initiate action potentials only

Back 10

A) automatic and rhythmicity and can independantly initiate action potentials.

Front 11

noncontractile cardiac muscle cells have an......A) stable resting potential called pacemaker potential that gradually depolarizesdrifting toward threshold for firing. B) unstable resting potential called pacemaker potential that gradually depolarizesdrifting toward threshold for firing.

Back 11

B) unstable resting potential called pacemaker potential that gradually depolarizesdrifting toward threshold for firing.

Front 12

non contractile cardiac muscle cells compose......A) the extrinsic conduction system of the heart. B) the intrinsic conduction system of the heart.

Back 12

B) the intrinsic conduction system of the heart.

Front 13

The conduction system of the heart consists of the.......A) SA & AV nodes, AV bundle, bundle branches, & purkinje fibers. B) AV nodes, AV bundle, bundle branches, & purkinje fibers. C) SA nodes, AV bundle, bundle branches, & purkinje fibers.

Back 13

A) SA & AV nodes, AV bundle, bundle branches, & purkinje fibers.

Front 14

The conduction system of the heart coordinates........A) The depolarization of the heart & ensures that the heart beats as a unit. B) The repolarization of the heart & ensures that the heart beats as a unit.

Back 14

A) The depolarization of the heart & ensures that the heart beats as a unit.

Front 15

The SA node has.....A) the slowest rate of spontaneous depolarization therefore cannot act as the hearts pacemaker. It sets the sinus rhythm. B) the fastest rate of spontaneous depolarization and acts as the hearts pacemaker. It sets the sinus rhythm.

Back 15

B) the fastest rate of spontaneous depolarization and acts as the hearts pacemaker. It sets the sinus rhythm.

Front 16

Defects in the intrinsic conduction system can cause....A) arrhythmias, B) fibrillation, C) heart block D) all of the above

Back 16

D) all of the above
arrhythmias, fibrillation, and heart block.

Front 17

the heart is innervated by the....A) somatic nervous system B) autonomic nervous system

Back 17

B) autonomic nervous system

Front 18

Cardiac centers in the medula include the......A) cardioacceleratory center, projects to T1-5 region, then projects to cervical and upper thorac sympathetic trunk B) cardioacceleratory center, then projects to cervical and projects to T1-5 region to the upper thorac sympathetic trunk

Back 18

A) cardioacceleratory center, projects to T1-5 region, then projects to cervical and upper thorac sympathetic trunk

Front 19

Postganglionic fibers innervate the.....A) SA and AV nodes and the cardiac muscle fibers. B) SA nodes and the cardiac muscle fibers.C) AV nodes and the cardiac muscle fibers.

Back 19

A) SA and AV nodes and the cardiac muscle fibers.

Front 20

The cardio inhibitory center exerts its influence via......A) the parasympathetic vagus nerves (X), which project to the diaphram walls B) the parasympathetic vagus nerves (X), which project to the heart wall.

Back 20

B) the parasympathetic vagus nerves (X), which project to the heart wall.

Front 21

Most parasympathetic fibers serve the.....A) SA nodes B) SA and AV nodes C) AV nodes

Back 21

B) SA and AV nodes

Front 22

An electrocardiogram is a graphic representation of the .....A) pacemaker cycle B) cardiac conduction cycle.

Back 22

B) cardiac conduction cycle.

Front 23

P wave reflects....A) Atial depolarization B) Arteriole depolarization

Back 23

A) Atial depolarization

Front 24

the QRS complex indicates.....A) ventricular depolarization B) ventricular obstruction

Back 24

A) ventricular depolarization

Front 25

T wave represents.....A) ventricular repolarization. B) ventricular depolarization.

Back 25

A) ventricular repolarization.

Front 26

Normal heart sounds arise chiefly from....A) Turbulent blood flow during opening of heart valves. B) Turbulent blood flow during closing of heart valves.

Back 26

B) Turbulent blood flow during closing of heart valves.

Front 27

Abnormal hearts sounds IE murmur reflect....A) valve problems. B) AV valve disorders

Back 27

A) valve problems.

Front 28

A cardiac cycle consists of the events occurring during....A) series of heart beats B) one heart beat.

Back 28

B) one heart beat.

Front 29

During mid to late diastole, the.......A) ventricles fill and the atria contract. B) ventricles fill and the atria dilates.

Back 29

A) ventricles fill and the atria contract.

Front 30

Ventricular systole consists of the.....A) isovolumetric contraction phase and the ventricular ejection phase.B) isovolumetric contraction phase only C)the ventricular ejection phase only.

Back 30

A) isovolumetric contraction phase and the ventricular ejection phase.

Front 31

During early diastole, the ventricles are....A) relaxed and are closed chambers until increasing atrial pressure forces the AV valves open and cycle begins again. B) relaxed and are closed chambers until increasing atrial pressure forces the AV bundles open and cycle begins again.

Back 31

A) relaxed and are closed chambers until increasing atrial pressure forces the AV valves open and cycle begins again.

Front 32

At a normal heart rate of 75 beats/min, a cardiac cycle lasts....A) 0.7s B) 0.5s C) 0.8s

Back 32

C) 0.8s

Front 33

What is normal cardia output 5L/min? A) amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute. B) amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 second.

Back 33

A) amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute.

Front 34

What is stroke volume? A) Amount of blood pumped out by a atrium valve with each contraction. B) Amount of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each contraction.

Back 34

B) Amount of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each contraction.

Front 35

equation for cardiac output....A) cardiac output = heart rate X stroke volume. B)cardiac output = heart rate X blood volume.

Back 35

A) cardiac output = heart rate X stroke volume.

Front 36

Stroke volume depends to a large extent on the....A) degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle by venous return. B) degree of stretch of the smooth muscle by venous return.

Back 36

A) degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle by venous return.

Front 37

Stroke volume is the difference........A) between end diastolic volume (EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV) B) between end diastolic rhythm (EDR) and end systolic volume (ESV)

Back 37

A) between end diastolic volume (EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV)

Front 38

Anything that influences heart rate or blood volume influences........A) venous return, systolic volume. B) venous return, hence stroke volume.

Back 38

B) venous return, hence stroke volume.

Front 39

Stroke volume is aproximately...A) 7ml B)07ml C) 70ml

Back 39

C) 70ml

Front 40

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system increases.......A) Hormone production, B) heart rate and contractility.

Back 40

B) heart rate and contractility.

Front 41

Parasympathetic activation decreases......A) Heart rate but has liitle effect on contractility. B) Heart rate and a strong effect on contractility.

Back 41

A) Heart rate but has liitle effect on contractility.

Front 42

Ordinarily, the heart exhibits....A) vagal tone B) vaso tone

Back 42

A) vagal tone

Front 43

Chemical regulation of the heart is effected by.....A) Hormones (epinephrine and melatonin) and ions (particularly potassium and calcium) B) Hormones (epinephrine and thyroxine) and ions (particularly potassium and calcium)

Back 43

B) Hormones (epinephrine and thyroxine) and ions (particularly potassium and calcium)

Front 44

Imbalances of ions.....A) increases heart activity B) impairs heart activity

Back 44

B) impairs heart activity

Front 45

Congestive heart failure occurs when....A) venus pooling and syncope B) the pumping ability of the heart is inadequate to provide normal circulation to meet the bodies needs.

Back 45

B) the pumping ability of the heart is inadequate to provide normal circulation to meet the bodies needs.

Front 46

Right heart failure leads to.....A) systemic edema B) Pulmonary edema

Back 46

A) systemic edema

Front 47

Left heart failure leads to....A) systematic edema B) Pulmonary edema

Back 47

B) Pulmonary edema