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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In 1850, how many Americans continued to attend church?
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3/4 of the 23 million
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What inspired the Unitarian faith? Where and When?
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Deism in New England at the end of the 18th century
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What was the second great awakening a reaction to? What did it do?
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It was a reaction to liberalism in religion, it boosted church membership and stimualated a variety of reform movements
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Peter Cartwright
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A methodist traveling preacher who converted thousands of souls
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Charles Grandinson Finney
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the preacher who was trained a laywer, les massive revivals, and denounced alchohol and slavery
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Millerites/Adventists
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a relgious sect that interpreted the bible to mean that Christ would return on October 22 1844
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Who was the successor of John Smith in leading the Mormons, where did he lead them to avoid further persecution?
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Brigham Young Utah
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Why did the conservative and the wealthy americans gradually come to understand the necessity of educating the poor masses
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they had the right to vote
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Horace Mann
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campaigned for better schoolhouses, longer school terms, higher pay for teachers and an expanded curriculum
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Lessons in the nineteenth century promoted
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patriotism
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Why was womens education frowned upon?
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it injured the feminine brain, undermined health, and rendered young ladies unfit for marraige
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The westward movement was considered
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part of american culture
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what types of people moved west?
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cotten farmers and immigrants
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what was the frontier life like?
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premature deaths and a hard life
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What was the human impact moving westward had on society?
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produced cotton tobacco, destroyed the buffalo and the look of the land
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Urbanization and Immigrationm- how did the united states naturally expand?
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the population was doubling every 25 years, it was the fourth most populated country in the western world
had the highest growth in urban areas due to the job demand there were 43 cities and ethnic communites of immigrants |
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What are the effects of rapid urabinzation?
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They had poor urban conditions, bad filtration no garbage overpopulation crime no sanitation diseases development no police of firemen
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Why was there a surplus in Irish and German immigrants?
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Because there was a population increase in Europe, there was oppurtunity and social mobility, the land was fertile they had rights and freedoms and were escaping autocratic rule the taxes were low and there wasnt a draft or sompulsary miltary services
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Irish Immigration
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thye came mainly because of the potato famine in 1848, they were called the black forties and settled in new york city and boston
they faced much dicrimnation they took jobs from americans (NINA) they were catholic they liked politics and worked as policemen |
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German Forty Eighters Immigration
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i million came between 1830 and 1860 they germans became important to united states politics their votes were crucial,
they were discriminated because they refused to give up their culture and way of life, they brought drinking to the american culture |
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Nativism
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favoring native born americans over immigrants
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what was the fear the americans had of catholic immigrants?
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they would change protestantism "papl fear"
new parties would arise "order of the star spangeled banner" know nothings |
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What made the industrial revolution spread to the united states?
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cheap land
availble capital raw materials and resources (rivers, coal steam engines) large population stayed rural and agricultural |
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New England industrializes how?
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Samuel Slater brought development
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Eli Whitney
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machine that seperates seeds from coten, hand does one pound of cotton a day, the gin can do 1000
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What is the impact of the cotton gin?
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cotton production rises the deamdn for workers rises slave number rises king cotton becomes the most demanded product and is sold all over
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What brought on manufacturing
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Embargo act 1807 americans need to produce more goods at home
war of 1812 cut off trade with english because we fight them protective tariffs cause tax on foreign goods new innovations whitney and interchangable parts IM singer and the sewing machine morse telegraph large jump in patents |
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Laws of free incorporation
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no need to apply for a charter from the legislature to start your own corporation, invoked entrapenourships
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Who does the growth of the factory system come to the expense to?
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the working class
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what does the working class get paid?
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pennies or quarters a day
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child labor?
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fifty percent of the industrial labor force is children
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what did the united states lack?
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unions
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Explain women in the economt
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they worked in factories under poor conditions like in the lowell factory they worked untill marraige and after marraige they had children and were stuck housekeeping cooking and teaching
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cult of domesticity
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after marraige women are contriscted to the homes and the jobs of the homes
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How do the workers and jascksonian democracy relate?
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expansion of the right to vote, there was a working mans party to change the ways
they supported jackson due to the anti priveledge socieities |
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What are the benefits of the western farmers?
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trans allegheny region became the nations breadbasket
they produced corn hogs and they had big industry in the west, |
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John deere
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steel plow to break through the allegheny crust
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mccormick mechanical reaper
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to harvest stuff quick and get more fod
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Explain the transportation revolution
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the transportation raw materials and manufactured goods needed to be cheap and easy
roads were dirt pathes canal boom steamboat boom locomotve boom |
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Roads
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turnpikes were made like lancaster tpk in 1811 federal government built the nation cumberland roak from marylad to illonois
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Canal
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canal boon it was the cheapest form of transportation eerie canal coonects the the hudson river and the great lakes and nyc and the atlantic ocean
panama canal |
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steamboat
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fulton, cleremont was a steam engine, the iron horse could go upstream
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locomotives
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30000 miles of tack in 30 years m,ainly in the north trancontinental railroad
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results of The market revolution
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there was a rise in the standard of living the american economy matured there was specialization and national markets created a gap between the rich and the poor
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reform
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change for the better
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how did deism emerge? what is it?
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emeriges with thomas paines book the age of reason it believed there was a creator of the work and human beings were given the ability to judge
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uniatrian beliefs?
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try to make things better in order to go to heaven, free will, slavation through good works
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What brought the second great awakening?
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renewed interest in passion and religion
individual responsibilities for salvation people can imporve themselves and society by abolishing slavery insane prisoners the temeperance movemtns womens rights schools and education |
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Mother anne lee shaker
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salvation through good works
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Revivals
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intense personal sermons
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Before reforms there was...
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oppostion to free public education people realized that the uneducated had the right to vote
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burned out district
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in new england where the adventists and millerites were,
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the second great awakeing...
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widened the lines between classes and regions
the north were rich and apicapalians the sould were baptists and methodists |
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Joseph SMith and the mormons
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Book of mormon polygamy militia communal sharing voting in groups
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Desert Zion
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in utah were brigham young and his followers stayed
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Explain the education reform of the timeperiod
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Horace man changed a lot he made better school houses longer school terms higher salaries for teachers expanded curriculum made teachers be well qualifies taught on the basis of religion morals and patriotism higher learning
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types of schools
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liberal arts
state supported schools secondary schools women fif not recieve higher education keep women in the status quo |
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Mcgruffy Eclectic reader
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made school learning easy
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where were schols most commont
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noth and urban areas that were densly populated
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what were schools? who had limited education
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segregated black girls
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Reofrms for mentally insane
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before ill were isolated in institutions dorothea dix advocated rehabilitation
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temeperance movement
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alchohol corrupts people hurt wives when intoxicated got hurt during work
ten nights in a barroom |
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temerance societies
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american temeperance society coldwater army for children
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womens rights movement
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in mid 1800s cult of domesticity demans women to restrict activites to the home
marriage to home and family homework and childcare lowell factories they were denied the right to vote |
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where were women treated better/
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in the west
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why do women gain respect?
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wives teachers mothers
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what reform do women support
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abolitionsit reforms
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declaration of rights and senitments
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like dec of ind
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susan b anthony
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lead suffrasgists works with stanton the revolution crated
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women plan
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go state by state
courth cases 14th amendement vote illegally got arrested minor v harpersett women r citizens, still cant vote |
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final attempt
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fourteenth amendent push for a constitutional amendment in 1920 we get the 19th amendement aND WE CAN VOTE
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