Chapter 15: The Old South

Front 1

Yeoman Farmers

Back 1

Independent farmers in the south, who lived in family sized farms and worked the land with their families. Plantation owners bought food from yeoman farmers for their slaves, but yeoman farmers didn't rely on slave labor for their own farms.

Front 2

Planters

Back 2

Slave holding owners of large plantations that produced primarily staple crops. Their slave management held a clear-cut distinction between management and labor. These families were the most elite and held a lot of influence in the south.

Front 3

Denmark Vesey

Back 3

A plot for a slave rebellion in Charleston that involved in an assault on the white population, seizure of ships in the harbor, burning of the city, and escape to Santo Domingo. Rebels were caught before it could be executed, causing hysteria within the white community because black population outnumbered that of the white. The city responded by curtailing the liberty of free blacks.

Front 4

Nat Turner

Back 4

The only slave rebellion that was successfully executed; it occurred in Virginia when Turner, a black overseer professed a divine mission to lead a rebellion. Him and a small group killed the master's family and set off down the road repeating the process with more slaves. The rebels were caught and killed but not before 55 whites were killed.

Front 5

American Colonization Society

Back 5

The first organized emancipation movement which proposed to return freed slaves to Africa. Abolitionists supported it because they opposed slavery, while others saw it as a way to bolster slavery by getting rid of troublesome free blacks. Black leaders announced it from the start, stating that America is their home

Front 6

Gradualism

Back 6

An antislavery movement that promoted a gradual end to slavery. The plan would start by prohibiting slavery in the new western territories and encouraging manumission.

Front 7

William Lloyd Garrison

Back 7

Managed an antislavery newspaper to promote abolition everywhere, he became the nation's most ferverent, principled, and unyielding for of slavery. He founded multiple anti-slavery societies.

Front 8

Liberator

Back 8

An antislavery newspaper in Boston, created by William Lloyd Garrison. His was the first paper to denounce gradualism.

Front 9

Grimke Sisters

Back 9

Two sisters that became vocal activists for the abolitionist movement, speaking out to both men and women. They were criticized for engaging in on feminine activities to which they stubbornly insisted they had every right to do as they pleased.

Front 10

Frederick Douglas

Back 10

An escaped slave; he wrote a book of his tale and then started a newspaper for blacks called the "North Star". He became a leading abolitionist orator, even touring the British Isles.

Front 11

Harriet Tubman

Back 11

An escaped slave that used the Underground Railroad. She fearlessly ventured back to the south in order to help more than 300 slaves escape.

Front 12

Underground Railroad

Back 12

A system of secret routes and safe stopping places for escaping slaves. The scheme concealed runaways on their path North, often to Canada.

Front 13

Sojourner Truth

Back 13

A black abolitionist that was told by God to travel up and down the land preaching against the sins of slavery. She spoke outfits for abolitionism and feminism, tapping distinctive energy that women brought to reformist causes.

Front 14

Elijah Lovejoy

Back 14

The editor of an anti slavery newspaper who was killed, becoming a martyr for both abolition and freedom press. His murder set up a fury of indignation.

Front 15

"Gag Rule"

Back 15

John Quincy Adams' nickname for a decision made by Congress to automatically turn over abolitionist petitions. It was repealed after being called a violation of the First Amendment.

Front 16

George Fitzhugh

Back 16

Defended slavery as better for workers than freely chosen employment. He said that slaves enjoyed security in sickness and old age unlike the wage slavery that exploited workers for profit then cast them away.