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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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includes annual variations in temperature and precipitation, which are influenced by latitude, closeness of lakes and oceans, topography, wind patterns, and air masses.
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climate
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study of Earth's climate in order to understand and predict climatic change, based on past and present variations in temperature, precipitation, wind, and other weather variables.
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climatology
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standard values for a location, including rainfall, wind speed, and temperatures, based on meteorological records compiled for at least 30 years.
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normal
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areas of Earth where solar radiation strikes at a low angle, resulting in temperatures that are nearly always cold; extend from 66.5 degrees North and South of the equator to the poles.
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polar zone
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areas of Earth that extend between 23.5 degrees and 66.5 degrees North and South of the equator and have moderate temperatures.
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temperature zone
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area of Earth that receives the most solar radiation, generally warm year-round, extends between 23.5 degrees South and 23.5 degrees North of the equator.
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tropics
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urban area where climate is warmer than in the surrounding countryside due to factors such as numerous concrete buildings and large expanses of asphalt.
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heat island
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divides climates into 5 basic types, based on the mean monthly values of temperature and precipitation and types of vegetation.
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Koeppen classification system
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localized climate that differs from the surrounding regional climate.
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microclimate
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warm ocean current that develops off the western coast of South America and can cause short-term climatic changes felt worldwide.
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El Nino
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period of extensive glacial coverage, producing long-term climatic changes.
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ice age
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period of very low sunspot activity that occurred between 1645 and 1716 and closely corresponded with a cold climate episode known as the "Little Ice Age."
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Maunder minimum
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short-term period of climatic change caused by regular variations in temperature, hours of daylight, and weather patterns that are due to the tilt of Earth's axis, causing different areas of Earth to receive different amounts of solar radiation.
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season
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rise in global temperatures, which may be due to increases in atmospheric CO2 from deforestation and burning of fossil fuels.
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global warming
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natural heating of Earth's surface by certain atmospheric gases, which helps keep Earth warm enough to sustain life.
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greenhouse effect
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